2016最新仁爱版八年级下册Unit-7详细知识点总结

Unit 7Topic 1一、重点词汇：4 -Spring 青枫1.success (形容词)successful 2.invitation (动词)invite 3.tooth (复数)teeth4.friendly (比较级)more friendly 5.Russia (形容词)Russian 6.Africa (形容词)African7.India (形容词)Indian 8.sandwich (复数)sandwiches9.supply (复数)supplies 10.post (名词)poster二、重点词组：1. hear of 听说2. make money 挣钱3. know about 了解4. think about 思考，思索5. think over 仔细考虑6. think of 想出；考虑到7. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事8. make a poster制作海报9. organize a food festival 举办美食节10. have/ hold a food festival 举办美食节11. chat with sb. 和某人交谈/聊天12. chat about sb/ sth 闲谈某人或某事13. whats more 而且，此外14. whats worse 更糟的是15. Whats up? 怎么了？/什么事？16. Never mind.= It doesnt matter.没关系 （sorry的答语）17. Its a pleasure.不客气。 （Thank you.的答语）18. be pleased to do sth 高兴做某事19. be pleased with sth 对满意20. work hard at 在方面努力学习21. work for 为而工作22. turn to sb. = ask sb. for help 向某人求助23. Its ones turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事24. get in touch with sb. 与某人取得联系25. keep in touch with与 保持联系26. lose touch with 与 失去联系27. get more information about 获取更多关于的信息28. try/do ones best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事29. set the table 摆放餐具30. have a sweet tooth = like eating sweet food 喜欢吃甜食31. such as 例如，比如32. raise money for 为筹钱33. invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事34. have no time to do sth. 没有时间做某事35. Its a great pity.真遗憾！36. feel pity for sb = have pity on sb 同情某人37. later on 稍后，在过些时候38. later on 后来，以后 （用于过去时中）39. 一段时间 later 之后 two days later 两天之后 half an hour later 半个小时后 40. sooner or later 迟早41. see you later 一会儿见42. in一段时间 （用在将来时句子中）43. make a change 做改变44. change ones life 改变某人的人生45. take part in = join in+活动，比赛 参加46. instead of （doing）sth. 代替（做）某事47. fight against 与做斗争48. as a result 结果49. at the age of 在岁时50. in order to do sth. 为了做某事（表目的）51. in order not to do sth 为了不做某事52. in order that +句子so that +句子53. make ones dream come true使美梦成真 54. come true（愿望，梦想）实现，变为现实55. all day 一整天56. good enough 足够好57. make it a success 使它成功 = make it successful 58. successful 形容词 成功的 59. successfully 副词 成功地60. succeed 动词 成功 61. succeed in doing sth 62. success 可数名词（成功的人或事） 不可数名词（成功）63. make money 赚钱64. make tea 泡茶 65. cook soup 煲汤66. fried rice 炒饭67. chocolate cookies 巧克力甜饼68. black bread 黑面包69. child workers 童工70. in hospital 住院71. in the hospital 在医院里 72. spend ones childhood度过某人童年73. was/were born in+spl 出生于地方74. when and where 何时何地75. how to do sth 如何做 76. decide to do sth. 决定做77. send sb an e-mail 给某人发一封电子邮件 78. e-mail address 邮箱地址79. over phone 通过电话80. hold on / hold the line 等一等（别挂电话） 81. a village school 一所乡村学校82. only a few 很少 ，只有几个83. give ones best wishes to 致以某人美好的祝愿84. make phone calls 打电话85. a shopping list 购物清单86. learn to do sth. 学会做某事 87. western food 西方食品 88. prepare for 准备89. for sale 出售 / on sale 90. thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢（某人）做某事 91. regret doing/to do sth后悔做/ 做过某事92. Keep trying.继续努力吧。93. keep up 使某物保持/ 坚持做94. Keep up the good work. 继续好好干。95. keep doing sth 一直做某事 （表示动作的持续）96. keep sb / sth doing sth 让某人持续做某事/让某事持续进行97. keep on doing sth （表示动作的反复）98. keep out 不让人入内 (禁止入内) 99. keep up with 跟上100. Shall I / we 我 ，好吗？101. May I 我可以 吗 ？102. Will you 请你 好吗？ 注意：will you not 而不是will you dont 103. on the Internet 上网 104. on the line 上线 105. on the radio 在使用收音机106. get sth about sb 获得关于某人的信息107. It is + 形容词 for sb to do sth 做某事是很 108. east 东方 eastern 东方的109. west 西方 western 西方的；西部的；110. south 南方 southern 南方的111. north 北方 northern 北方的112. serve sth. 提供某食物 113. serve sb. 为某人服务 不能serve for sb114. enough + 名词 形容词enough 115. enough money 足够多的钱 116. big enough 足够大117. supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 给某人提供某物118. little / a little +不可数名词 119. few / a few +可数名词复数120. little、few 用于否定句 121. a little、a few 用于肯定句122. 喜爱：enjoy （具有满足感） be fond of (对、感兴趣) go in for (习惯于)123. What he needs is a good meal. 他所需要的是一顿美餐。124. win 赢得 125. beat 打败三、重点句型：1.Do you know about Daniel Igali ? 你知道丹尼尔艾格雷吗？ know about“了解”，know a lot about“对某事了解很深”， know a little about“对某事或某人了解一些”，而know是“知道”，“认识”之意， 如：I know her.我认识她。 I know about her.我了解她。二者意思不同。2.I have heard of him.我从未听说过他。 hear of sb./sth“听说过某人或某事”hear + that从句“听说，得知”hear from sb.“收到某人的来信”hear“听见” listen“注意听”3.Whats more, Im sure that selling rice and dumpling dishes can make a lot of money. 而且，我相信出售米饭和饺子会赚很多钱。Whats more (口语)而且，更有甚者 She is a beautiful girl .Whats more ,she is friendly to us. 她是一个漂亮的女孩，而且对人也友好selling rice and dumpling dishes是v-ing分词短语做主语。4.Its a pleasure.用于感谢的答语 类似的还有：Thats Ok./Thats all right./Youre welcome./Not at all./My pleasure.5.May I invite you to our food festival?Invite sb. to some place邀请某人去某处Invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做谋事 如：May I invite you to go shopping with me? 我能邀请你一起去购物吗？6.Keep trying.继续努力吧。Keep(on)doing sth.继续/重复做某事Keep sb./sth.doing sth. 让某人持续做某事；让某事持续进行 如：He kept writing all the night.他整晚在写作。 Ill try not to keep you waiting.我会尽量不让你久等。7.It has very few school supplies.学校设施简陋。 句中supplies是作名词用。如：very few school supplies,这里supplies是名词复数， 译为“学校设施简陋”，supply作为动词用，意为“提供”、“供应”。 supply sth.to/for sb.或supply sb. with sth. 如：The school supplies books for/to the children. =The school supplies the children with books.-学校提供孩子们书籍。8.Our students will sell many delicious international foods in order to raise money for a village school in Nigeria. 为了给尼日利亚一所乡村学校筹钱，我们学生将出售许多美味的国际食品。in order to意为“为了”，它引导的动词不定式短语作目的状语。 否定结构 用in order not to ,比so as to正式，也可以用so that代替。如：Hell try his best to work hard in order to/so as to catch up with his classmates. =Hell try his best to work hard so that he can catch up with his classmates. 他将尽全力努力学习为了能赶上他的同学。9.打电话中的常用句子 1）may I speak to Tom ? 叫Tom 接电话，好吗？ 2）Id like speak to Tom . 我想让tom接电话。 3）Ill call back later. 我再过些时候再回电话。 4）This is Tom speaking. 我是tom。 5）I cant hear you . 我没听清楚。 6）Hold the line ./ Hold on , please. 请稍等。 7）The line is bad/busy. 线路坏了。 8）I couldnt get through. 我打不通。10.感叹句How 引导的感叹句，强调形容词和副词。How + adj. adv. +主语+谓语!What 引导的感叹句，强调名词，单数可数名词前带冠词aan. 有时主语和谓语可以省去。What +aan + adj. + n. (单数可数) +主+谓！What + adj. +n. (不可数) +主+谓!What + adj. +n. (复数) +主+谓！四、日常交际用语：1.谈论社交活动中有关常见的日常交际用语Shall we have a food festival to make money for his school ?May I invite you to our food festival ?Id love to, but Im afraid I have no time.Will you please tell me something about?Whats up ?Thank you for inviting me to your food festival.2.提建议、征询对方意见的四种表达方式(1) Shall I (we) ? 我（们），好吗？ 常用在提供帮助，提出建议，要求给以指示和征求意见 如：Shall I (we) open the window? 我（们）把窗户打开，好吗？(2) May I?我可以吗？ 常用在征求对方意见的句子中如：May I invite you to organize the Food Festival with me ? 我可以邀请你和我一起组织这次美食节吗？(3) Will you ? 请你好吗？ 常用于请求对方完成某一动作，同时征求对方意见， 如：Will you please call me this evening?请你今晚打电话给我好吗？(4) Would you like to? 你想要吗？ Would like to do sth. 想要做某事。 如：Would you like to eat another mooncake?你想再来一块月饼吗？5、 语法学习： 宾语从句宾语从句的三要点： 1、时态（时态一致） 2、语序（陈述） 3、引导词宾语从句小口诀：宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句. I know that the man is a policeman. 主 句 引导词 从 句 在句中可以作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。 Eg： He said he was good at drawing. (动词宾语) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介词宾语)1.引导词：取决于从句的语气1. 从句是陈述语气时，引导词用that. 注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略. e.g. I hear (that) he will be back in an hour. （一小时后他会回来） He said (that) he missed us very much. （他非常想念我们） The teacher told us (that)the earth moves around the sun. （地球围着太阳转）2. 从句是一般疑问语气或选择疑问句时，引导词用if或whether. I want to know if it will rain tomorrow.注意：一般情况下，whether 和if 可以互用， 但有些情况例外。 a. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether 不用if e.g: We are talking about whether well go on the picnic. b. 引导词与动词不定式(to do)或or not连用时，只用whether. e.g: I havent made up my mind whether to go there or not. Could you tell me whether to go or not? c. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.3. 从句是特殊疑问语气时，引导词用特殊疑问词。引导词后要用陈述句语序。 (连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which,what 连接副词 where,how,why,when) e.g: I didnt hear what he wanted me to do . Do you know whose bag I am carrying? Can you tell me how I can get to zoo? Please tell me when well have the meeting.2、语序 从句语序：必须用陈述语序 主句+引导词+主语+谓语动词+其他句式连词语序例句陈述句That不变I think that we can be good friends.一般疑问句if/whether改为陈述语序I cant remember if I posted the letter.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词改为陈述语序He asked who was our English teacher.注意:当从句的原句为以下句子以及what, who作主语时，语序不变（还是疑问语序）： Whats wrong? Whats the matter? Whats happening? eg: Can you tell me who is over there? He asked who could answer the question . (谁能回答这个问题） Could you tell me whats the matterwrong with you?3. 宾语从句时态1. 主句是一般现在时，从句可以用任何时态。He says that he is reading a book now. I think he will be all right in a few days. 我想他几天就会好了。2. 主句是一般过去时,从句用过去的相应时态。 I didnt know （if/whether he had seen the film.） He said that he would work hard. They said they had been to France.3. 主句是一般过去时，但从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等， 从句仍然要用一般现在时。 e.g: He said that the sun is much bigger than the moon . The teacher told us （that light travels much faster than sound.）4. 否定前移 若宾语从句跟在动词think, believe, suppose, except等后面，表示“要”，“认为”等句子 对从句的否定形式要放在主句上，称“否定前移”。 如：I dont think you are right. 我认为你是不对的。 You dont think he is right, do you? 你认为他是不对的，是吗？Unit 7Topic 21 重点词汇：（一）词形转换：30 1.cook(名词)cook/cooker 2.fine(副词)finely 3.gentle(副词)gently4.noise(形容词)noisy 5.noisy(副词)noisily 6.polite(反义词)impolite7.hot（名词）heat 8.proud(名词)pride（二）重点词组：1. pick up拾起，捡起；接某人 2. be glad that从句 高兴 3. help others 帮助别人4. be proud of = take pride in 因而自豪5. a kind of 一种 6. many kinds of 许多种 7. all kinds of 各种各样的 8. different kinds of 不同种类9. of a kind 同一种类的 10. be kind to sb./sth . 对某人/某物友好11. Its kind of you . 你人真好12. use sth to do sth 用.做某事13. cutfinely 把切细 14. cut up 切碎，剁碎 15. cut down 砍倒 16. cut sth into把切成17. cut sth 切 18. cut off 切断（电路） 19. Well done. 做得好20. need to do sth 需要做某事 21. need sth 需要某物 22. theres no need for sth 不需要23. add to 添加上24. addto把加进25. add up 加起来26. add up to 总计为27. make bone soup 做骨头汤 28. fillwith 用装满29. be tired of doing sth厌倦做某事 30. in a few minutes 几分钟内 31. two pieces of bread 两片面包32. spread sth on sth 把涂抹在上33. put. together把.放在一起34. pour.over 往.倒. 35. pour some honey over the pear 在梨上倒满蜂蜜 36. help oneself/themselves to sth 随便吃（喝）点37. help yourself to some soup 随便喝点汤吧 38. be polite/ impolite to do sth 做某事是礼貌/不礼貌的 39. a formal western dinner party 一个正式的西餐宴会 40. for the first time 第一次41. had better (not) do sth 最好(不)做某事 42. know about 了解 43. table manners 用餐礼仪44. eating customs 饮食习俗45. eating habits 饮食习惯46. at the table 在桌子旁边 47. at table 吃饭，就餐 48. on the table 在桌面上 49. start/begin with 以开始 50. end with 以结束 51. eat up 吃光，吃完52. drink to sb/sth 为干杯（或祝酒） 53. raise glass 举杯 54. take a sip 喝一小口55. remember to do sth 记住去做某事（未做） 56. remember doing sth 记住做过某事（已做）57. learn to do sth from sb 从某人那学习做某事58. learn.from从.学到.59. around / all over/ throughout the world 全世界，世界各地 60. people around the world 世界各地的人们61. two or three courses 两道或更多道菜62. be far away from 远离 63. finish doing sth 做完某事64. cooked meat 熟肉65. fry the meat lightly 轻轻地炒肉66. put some oil in the pan 往锅里放油67. add some salt 加些盐68. fried rice 炒饭69. cooking noodles 煮面条70. fry it for a few minutes 炒上几分钟71. a deep large pot 一口大锅72. more and more popular 越来越流行73. a sandwich with butter 一块黄油三明治74. spread butter on. 在涂上黄油75. Spread sth on sth. 往上面抹76. Would you mind + doing sth.？77. Sb. do best of all 某人在大家中做地最好 78. have a Chinese meal 吃中餐79. In the southern part of China 在中国南部 80. Muslim countries 伊斯兰国家81. North America 北美82. In parts of India 印度的部分地区83. both of 两者84. at the same time 在同时85. be tired of sb./sth.86. be tired of doing sth. 87. be ready to do sb./sth. 乐意/准备做某事88. for a few minutes 过了一会儿 89. fast food restaurant 快餐店 90. Practice makes perfect 熟能生巧 91. Dont speak loudly不要大声说话92. point at/to 指着./指向. 93. Just do as others do 入乡随俗 94. 表顺序词：(含序数词) First 首先 Second 其次 Next 再次，下一步 Then然后 After that 然后 Finally 最后2. 重点句型：1. Cooking is fun. 做饭很有趣。= Its fun to cook.2. Would you like me to help you? 你需要我的帮忙吗？ 该句表示“客气的请求”，相当于Would you like + to do? 或Will you please + do? 另外like sb. to do sth.,这里like是动词，相当于want, 译为“要某人做某事”。3. You often teach me to be kind to the poor and the old.你经常教我要善待穷人和老人。 teach sb. to do sth.教某人（如何）做某事 bekindtosb.意为“对某人友好，善待某人” kind是形容词 Itis+adj.+ofsb.与 Itis+adj.+forsb.的区别Itiskindofyoutosayso.你这样说太客气了。（暗含Youarekind.之意） ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell.对于我们来说学好英语很重要。 （无Weareimportant.之意）句型中形容词kind表示的是of后边人称的特点、特征或性格。 如：good,nice,wise,clever,cruel等。 句型中形容词important不表示for后边人称的特点等情况， 而有“对于某人来说”之意。4. Its very kind of (指人的性格，特征用of) you. 你真是太好了。 =You are very kind.5. First, cut some cooked meat very finely.首先，将一些熟肉切细， 动词-ed，即过去分词，相当于形容词，做定语，表示动作的完成或被动 动词ing, 表示动作正在进行或主动6. Well done.干得好！ 表示赞扬，鼓励。 类似的还有：Verygood!非常好！ Wonderful!非常好！ Excellent!好极了！ Perfect!太棒了！ Keeptrying!继续努力！ Youcandoit!你能行！7. After that, fill bowels 70%80% full with bone soup slowly. 之后慢慢地在碗里加78分的骨头汤。 fill with“用装满” be filled with=be full of“充满，装满” 如： Fill the glass with water.往杯子里注满水（强调动作） The glass is filled of water.= The glass is full of water. 杯子里装满了水（强调状态） 8. Wouldyoumindifwelearntomakeitfromyou?我向你学习做它（三明治）好吗？(1) Wouldyoumindif?请求允许或客气地请人做事。 回答：不介意：No, of course not. / Certainly not. / Not at all. 介意：Sorry, youd better not. / Im afraid you cant. WouldyoumindifIopenthewindow?我打开窗户好吗？ Wouldyoumind+v-ing?用来客气地提出请求， 否定形式为： Wouldyoumind+not+v-ing? 如：Wouldyoumindgivingmeaglassofwater?请给我一杯水，好吗？ Wouldyoumindnotsmoking?请你别吸烟好吗？ 2)Wouldyoumind+sbs+v-ing?用来提出询问，征求对方的意见。 如：Wouldyoumindmysmokinghere?我在这里吸烟你介意吗？回答带有mind的问句时要注意yes或no都是针对mind（介意、在乎）选用的， 表示“介意”、“在乎”时，选用yes，后面跟的句子是不让对方做某事； 表示“不介意”、“不在乎”时选用no，后边跟的句子是允许对方做某事。 如：Wouldyoumindmysmoking?你介意我抽烟吗？ Yes,youdbetternot.是的，你最好别抽。 No,certainlynot.不介意，你当然可以抽。(2)learnsth.fromsb.意为“从某人那里学”。 WecanlearnEnglishfromourEnglishteacher.我们可以跟英语老师学英语。9. Its not impolite to smoke during a meal in France. 在法国，吃饭时吸烟不是不礼貌的。 During是介词，后常跟名词或短语，而while是连词，后常跟从句。 如：What did you do during the summer holiday? 在暑假期间你做了什么？ 这里不能用while代替。10.Remember not to drink too much. 记住不要喝太多。 remember to do sth记住去做某事（未做） remember doing sth记住做过某事（已做） forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事 （未做） forget doing sth 忘记做过某事（已做） too much 是用来修饰不可数名词或动词 too many是修饰可数名词 much too是修饰形容词和副词 如：too much water太多的水，too many trees太多的树木，much too tired太累了 11. In parts of India, they use their fingers and bread to pick up the food . 在印度地区，他们用手指和面包来抓食物。 pick up意为“拿起；捡起；接某人；取某物；搭便车”。 ThephonerangandIpickeditup.电话铃响了，我拿起了话筒。 Myhusbandwillpickyouupinthecar.我丈夫会开车来接你。 词组：pickaholein挑毛病 pickoff摘掉，摘下 pickout选出，挑出，认出12.It is+adj. + to do sth.句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。通常若主语太长，为避免头重脚轻，可用it 作形式主语，将动词不定式后置。如：It is necessary to study English hard. Its polite to smoke during a meal in France. 13.First, cutsome cooked meat veryfinely. (1)cut(up)finely意为“把细细地切碎”。副词修饰动词时通常放在动词后面。 类似的还有： frythemeatlightly轻轻地炒一炒肉 addthericesl