2019上海金山区高三二模英语

.金山区2018学年第二学期质量监控高三英语试卷2019.04考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写( 非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上律不得分。3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a shop. B. In a car. C. In a plane. D. On a farm.2. A. Customer and shop assistant. B. Trainer and trainee. C. Customer and travel agent. D. Sailor and tourist.3. A.S2. B.$15. C.$3. D. $3.5.4. A.A travel agency. B. Sales strategies. C. A job opportunity. D. Tour news.5. A. She is very busy. B. She dislikes parties. C. She has an invitation already.D. She questions the mans purpose.6. A. The club members arent available. B. The Internet doesnt work. C. She doesnt have time to do it.D. The email hasnt been ready.7. A. She is going to miss her first class. B. She prefers going to the dentist later in the day.C. The man will be back before his first class. D. The man might sleep late and miss his appointment.8. A. She could help the man a lot. B. Shes never been to the city.C. She knows the city very well. D. She doesnt remember much about the city.9. A. He was sorry for the womans absence. B. He was happy about the womans absence.C. He suggested the woman bring her daughter.D. He suggested the woman visit the university,10. A. The man forgot to go to the cinema with the woman. B. Both of the speakers enjoyed the film.C. An exciting film will be on next week.D. The woman was interested in exploring space.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a logger conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Their project has lasted for a year. B. . Their project is a part of their research.C. They were born and bred in New York. D. They liked to talk to strangers when young.12. A.Ambitious. B. Difficult. C. Creative. D. Well-prepared.13. A. Two psychologists conduct field research on New York streets. B. Two young men listen to people and give them their suggestions. C. Two psychologists help solve peoples problems with what they learn.D. Two young people encourage people to talk to them, believing it can help.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates are middle children. B. Competitive and flexible personalities decide their successC. They share the idealistic personalities and pursue perfectionD. Their sensitivity to the surroundings leads to their achievement15. A. Scientists. B. Chief executive officials. C. Artists. D. Classical music players.16. A. Family size plays a part. B. Birth order affects personality.C. Birth order influences career paths.D. How people achieve their success.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Because of their durability. B. Because they are symbols of status.C. Because of the trend in fashion.D. Because they look quite appealing.18. A. The man was the creator of jeans. B. The man applied for a patent for jeans.C. Levis led to the popularity of jeans.D. Levis led to a flood of fake products.19. A. They are durable and wash easily. B. They appear on sex and violence ads. C. They win the favor of many women liberalists. D. They are influenced by cowboy style and rebellious spirit.20. A. The advantages of jeans. B. The culture of western America.C. The history of jeans.D. The change of jeans.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent andgrammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Time to Learn How to Sort Whatever we dont want- -no matter whether its eggshells, newspapers, soda cans or old socks-its. all garbage. And garbage goes to the garbage bin. There seems to be (21)_ wrong with that.But do you really know how to throw away garbage properly? China (22)_ (promote) garbage sorting for over a decade, but for the majority of the public the concept hasnt sunk in. Shen Zhen issued a new regulation. It says residents will be fined up to 100 yuan and organizations 1,000 yuan for not sorting rubbish (23)_ specific groups. Its evident that the government is determined to push this forward, said Zhang Ning, a program officer (24)_ (serve) in a Beijing-based public welfare organization. But Im afraid the regulation will prove to be counter-productive because garbage sorting has never been achieved by merely imposing punishments. A recent survey found that 49.5 percent of the respondents said they still dont know how to sort garbage,(25)_ 45.5 percent just cant be bothered to do it. Lots of citizens (26)_ (confuse)about whats recyclable and whats general waste. For example, its scarcely known that tissue is non-recyclable because its too moisture-prone and usually too polluted (27)_ (recycle). said Zhang, a representative. According to Zhang, 70 percent of garbage is a (28)_ (misplace) resource. For instance, a ton of waste steel can be refined into 0.9 tons of usable steel, and a ton of kitchen waste is able to produce0.3 tons of organic fertilizer. But all of this is based on the condition (29)_ the garbage is categorized properly. And the behavior of households (30)_ he sorting process initially starts- is the key. Garbage sorting is a chain effect. Misconduct at the very beginning will make all the following Garbage sorting is a complex issue and takes patience. So next time when you throw away what is called garbage do it in the right way.Section BDirections : Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. marginalB. personaC. slidingD. promiseE. countedF. gapsG. profitsH. distributedI. reliefJ. maturingK. levelingBad News for Apple; Good News for Humanity When Apple cut its revenue estimate (收益预期) for the last quarter of 2018 because of unexpectedly slow sales of iPhones, markets trembled. The companys share price, which had been (31)_ or months, fell by a further 10% on January 3rd, the day after the news came out. Apples suppliers shares were also hit._ Analysts assume that the number of smartphones sold in 2018 will be slightly lower than in 2017, the industrys first. ever annual decline. All this is terrible news for investors who had (32)_ on continued growth. But step back and look at the bigger picture. That smartphone sales have peaked, and seem to be (33)_ off at around 1.4 billion units a year, is good news for humanity. The slowdown is actually the result of market saturation (U $l),which hits Apple the hardest because, despite a relatively small market share (13% of smartphone users), it captures almost all of the industrys (34)_. But Apples pain is humanitys gain. The fact that the benefits of these magical devices are now so widely (35)_ is something to be celebrated.Now many phones are used for longer than three years, often as hand-me-downs. Replacement cycles are lengthening as new models offer only (36)_ improvements. So even with flat sales, the longer(37)_ between upgrades mean people who already have phones benefit. For all but the most addicted device fans, the slowing pace of upgrades comes as a welcome (38)_. Does that mean innovation is slowing? No. As computers become smaller, still more (39)_ and closer to peoples bodies, many technicians expect that wearable devices, from smart watches to AR headsets, will be the next big thing. Even so, finding another product with the scope of the smartphone is a tall order. The smartphone. holds its (40)_ as the device that will make computing and communications worldwide. The recent slowing of smartphone sales is bad news for the industry, obviously.But for the rest of humanity it is a welcome sign that a transformative technology has become almost universal.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Now, U. researchers have identified a new way to treat people infected with tuberculosis (肺结核)before they get sick. Tuberculosis is one of the worlds most (41)_ health threats. The World Health Organization says tuberculosis kills nearly two million people each year. Another two billion are (42)_ : they are infected, but dont have symptoms of the disease. Those at highest risk can take medicine, but Vanderbilt University researcher Timothy Sterling says not everyone (43)_ with the treatment, which is a daily dose of isoniazid (异烟肼，抗结核药) for nine months. So although the medication is highly effective if people take all of their medication, many people do not take all their medication and therefore the effectiveness of the treatment plan is (44)_. As a(n) (45)_, Sterling and his colleagues(46) _ nzd with another drug, rifapentine (利福喷汀). The combination was taken weekly, not daily, for just three months. And the results of this study showed that the new treatment plan -the three months of isoniazid and rifapentine - was as effective as the nine-month isoniazid treatment plan. (47)_, the short-course, three-month treatment plan had higher treatment completion rates and was also well (48)_. There was some other difference. The two-drug, combination treatment was administered as directly (49)_therapy. That means the patients took their medicine in the presence of a health care worker,to ensure that they followed the treatment plan. This was a large study, involving 7,500 participants in North America, Spain, and Brazil. Sterling (50)_ that most of the people in this study were HIV-negative.The results might be (51)_ for HIV-positive people. A recent study in South Africa indicated that the combination therapy works well in people infected with HIV as well as tuberculosis, but the study was too small to be (52)_ Timothy Sterlings research, published in The New England Journal of Medicine, has been (53)_ by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the CDC. The government health agency recommends the 12-dose weekly combination treatment as an equal alternative to the 270-dose daily treatment plan that has been the (54)_ therapy. But because of possible (55)_ issues, the CDC still recommends the daily treatment plan for HIV-positive patients who are taking antiretroviral drugs or women who are pregnant. Also because of a lack. of data, the CDC says children under age 12 should stay with the nine-month daily treatment.41.A. publicB. persistentC. predictableD. mild42.A. out of control B. beyond expectationC. without hopeD. under threat43.A. put upB. follow throughC. get alongD. come up44.A. decreasedB. maximizedC. measuredD. enhanced45.A. supplementB. substituteC. promotionD. alternative46.A. mixedB. replacedC. associatedD. connected47.A. As a resultB. In additionC. In factD. For instance48.A. imposedB. toleratedC. cultivatedD. infected49.A. isolatedB. implementedC. observedD. required50.A. arguesB. suggestsC. commandsD. warns51.A. inevitable B. negativeC. distinctD. indirect52.A. definite B. desiredC. logicalD. detailed53.A. conductedB. provedC. demonstratedD. approved54.A. similarB. uniqueC. standardD. peculiar55.A. personalB. crucialC. ageD. safetySection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A) If a person who lived 200 years ago was treated for a seizure (癫痫) today, they would be surprised by the treatments freshness. Thats because doctors in the 1800s were influenced more by original medical beliefs than science. Rather than thinking the brain caused seizures, people in the 1800s still thought they were the result of strange forces. They associated seizures with the work of evil spirits. Others felt that the seizures had a cosmic or lunar cause. They believed that the cycles of the moon and stars could make someone have a seizure. During a process to treat a patient who has seizures, doctors would force the patient to pray for the grace of the God. They thought if the patient did this, then the patient would rid themselves of the evil spirits causing the seizures. The arrival of modern psychiatry (精神病学) ocurred during the 1800s. At that time people who suffered from seizures were placed in psychiatric hospitals. They were treated like they were mad. However,none of the out- of-date treatments worked. It wasnt until the late 1850s that the causes of seizures were understood. We know today that these causes. are related to the brain. Misfired signals from the brain cause a jerking refer (反射) in the body.These usually occur when someone is very tired. Once the causes of seizures were known, definitive treatments were developed. Today, treatments range from taking pills to having surgery. Treatment is personalized according to the type of seizure the patient has. Even today, some people are unsure about seizures. Their most common mistake is thinking that a person having a seizure will swallow their tongue. They often push some implement roughly in the persons mouth. However, this doesnt help. The implement often blocks the airway and prevents the person from breathing. Yet most of the public no longer fear people who have seizures. Instead, they can now help and comfort a person if they have a seizure.56. Why would someone from the past be surprised by todays treatments for seizures?A. Because they believed in scientific treatment for seizures.B. Because they believed seizures were caused by strange forces in nature.C. Because they believed there would be no cure for seizures.D. Because they believed patient would treat seizures by himself.57. During the arrival of modern psychiatry, how were people treated in psychiatric hospitals?A. They were forced to ask the God for mercy.B. They worked for the old-fashioned treatment.C. They were considered senseless.D. They were treated as evil spirits.58. Which of the following condition can cause a seizure?A. Rashes and other skin problems. B. Infected wounds.C. Stomach disorders. D. Brain injuries.59. Whats the best title of the passage?A. Symptoms Old and New B. Universal Forces or ScienceC. Seizures Now and Then D. Treatments Effective or Not(B) How a few members of the animal kingdom handle the transition to adulthood?African elephants These beautiful beasts come close to imitate teen rebellion. Calves spend a decade with their mothers in female - dominated groups - and ladies stay there but adolescent boys leave mom for noisy crews of bros. In their 20s, they often downsize to smaller male groups.Orangutans(猩猩) Slow metabolism allows these primates to survive food shortages times when weather makes ripe fruit scarce. But energy efficiency comes at a cost; growth and maturation take time. Orangutan mamas nurse their young longer than any other wild creature does.Oreas(逆载鲸) Killer whales join their mothers familial group for life. This lasting- relationship seems to increase a pups chance of survival; if mom dies, a young male (under 30) is three times more Iikely to die than a peer whose mother is alive. Risk of death post-mom-mortem rises as kids get older.Harp seals A harp seals “childhood” lasts just 12 days. A pups sole purpose during. that brief period of coddling (宠爱) is to constantly nurse, gaining a fifth of its birth weight in blubber (鲸脂) every day. Once its fat- they become greater from 25 to 80 pounds- -it slides off the ice and takes on the sea.Wolf spiders Every parent knows that tired toddlers love to hitch a piggyback ride. The wolf spider straps all her babies (40 or 50, on average) onto her back at once, carrying the brood until they are capable of fully functional spider-hood. But luckily she only has to pull them for a f