名词性从句讲解-思维导图-附练习题-高中英语语法-三大从句-语法讲解与练习-

膄名词性从句讲解 思维导图（附练习题）虿定义：在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses). 名词性从句包括主语,宾语,表语,同位语从句.羈 名词性从句中使用陈述句语序。 莈羃 从属连词that; whether; if 蝿 (只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不做句子成分）荿 连接代词 what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which,等.螆 在从句 中做主语，宾语，表语，定语等句子成分。螂 连接副词when, where, how, why, whenever, however, wherever等衿 在从句中做状语成分。 螀 1.分类蒈螅 引导名词性从句的连接词 罿 2. 名词性从句的连接词选用原则：“缺什么就补什么” 袇 I know what he is talking about. (从句中缺宾语,指物) 羅 Do you know who he is? (从句中缺表语,指人)薄 Where he will go is unknown. (从句中缺地点状语) 聿 Im sure that they will come tomorrow. (从句中什么都不缺)芈 I dont know which book I should choose. (从句中缺定语) 蚇 定义：充当主语功能的句子叫主语从句莂That she was chosen made a great stir (轰动) in her school. 莃 注意: it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：蚈膅It + be +形容词+ that-从句 It is necessary / important that. 莅It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句 It is universally acknowledged that./蒃 It is known that聿It + be +名词+ that-从句 It is common knowledge/ a fact 袇 that 是常识/事实膄It +不及物动词+ that-分句 It happens that碰巧. / It occurs to薃 sb.that 突然想起 蒀 主语从句芅 It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 袃 强调句： It is in the morning that the murder took place. 蚂 (去掉该结构后,句子成分完整) 蚇 主语从句：It was a pity that you shouldnt go to see the film. 肇 （在句子中作主语成分）蚂whatever /whichever/ whoever引导主语从句的区别螂 Whatever 是what的强调形式表示“无论什么”相当于 anything 肈 that蒅 Whatever / Anything that she does is wrong.蚅螂ever whoever 是who的强调形式，表示无论谁 相当于anyone葿 who.膇 Whoever / Anyone who walks around in such a heavy rain will 蒄 catch a cold.袂 whichever 无论哪个;无论哪些,既指人,又指物. 可修饰名词与of 袀 连用蚄 Whichever book you borrow doesnt matter to us.芃 Whichever of us fulfills his task will lend a hand to others.羂 定义：在复合句中充当宾语功能的句子叫宾语从句羆We can learn what we didnt know.莆We find it necessary that we (should) practice English every day.羁 某些作表语的形容词，如sure, happy, glad, certain等之后可带宾语肂 从句莇 I am glad that you can come and help me.袄 注意： wish/would rather后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。肄 I wish I had finished my homework yesterday. 膂 Id rather you had been there yesterday螈 在表示建议,命令, 请求的词后面的宾语从句当中用should + V, 薆 should可以省略螃 His pale face suggested that he was ill so I suggested that he should go节 to see the doctor. 腿 He insisted that he was innocent and insisted that he should be set free. 羄薂宾语从句 注意it作形式宾语的结构 莁 We all thought it a pity that we had missed the lesson. 薀 I took it for granted that they were not coming.蚆 that一般不接介词宾语，偶尔可作except, in的宾语；其它介蚅 词后面需用it作形式宾语莁 He differs from his roommates in that he devoted his spare time to 蚇 reading.蒈 He knows nothing about Jim except that he is from London. 莄 You can depend on it that he will help you in time of emergency. 蒁定义：充当表语功能的句子被叫做表语从句。 肈袆表语从句 The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short 膃 time.薁 注意：reason后面的表语从句只能用that,不能用why引导. 葿 The reason is that（because ) 蝿 The reason why we didnt trust him is that he has often lied. 肃 (该句型中why引导一个定语从句)螂 定义：同位语从句跟在名词后面，进一步说明该名词的具体内容. 这些名词主要是表示抽象概念的词如fact, news, promise, idea, truth; possibility; statement; warning; advice等肁 同位语的引导词有that; whether; why; who; where; how等；其中that膇 和whether只起引导作用肆袂同位语从句 其他连词具有实际意思，同时在同位语中作句子成分。 膈 The news that China broken the world record in the Olympic Games has 衿 cheered all of us. 袅 The question why so many people would choose to live in the countryside 羂 but to work in the city is still under discussion. ( why 引导同位语从句解蕿 释说明中心语question的内容；且why在从句中作状语)莇 注意： 只起引导作用时，连接词用that而不用which蚄 Where did you get the idea that she could not come. 肂 同位语从句和定语从句的区别： 就看that在作引导的从句中是否羀 做句子成分聿 The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very important.蚇 （that 引导定语)膂 The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very莁 good. (that引导同位语从句)薆在名词性从句当中只能用wh, 在引导让步状语从蒆句两者可以互换.节螁 No matter+wh 与wh+ever区别 He will believe whatever others say. 芈 (划线部分部分为名词性从句，不能互换)膄 Whatever others say, he will believe it. 莂 (划线部分为状语从句，可以互换)羈 Whoever walks around in such a heavy rain will catch 蚆 a cold. (不可互换)羃 原则：能用if的情况，都能用whether表“是否”莂 在表语, 同位语，主语(置于句首时)从句时只用荿 whether表“是否” 蒈 The question is whether the film is worth seeing. 羆 （表语从句）蒁 I have no idea whether we should go to the party. 螀 （同位语从句）袆Whether we shall attend the meeting hasnt been 螅decided yet. (主语从句 句首)薁 It is doubtful whether / if he will come here. 膁薈一些重要知识 (主语从句，句末时可互换)薄 形容词；介词；discuss后的宾语从句中只用whether表“是否” 蚁薂 Whether / if区别 It depends on whether you can do the work well. (介词宾语) 肆 The students are discussing whether they will go out for a picnic this Sunday.薇 I am not sure whether he will come here or not. (形容词的宾语)螁 whether与or或 or not 的搭配虿 Do you mind whether a man or woman does the job. 螈 I dont care whether or not he comes.莆名词性从句提升练习袁主语从句肀一、单项选择题葿1. _ he learns English well is of great importance to his future life.膅A. What B. If C. Who D. That羁2. _ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.蒀 A. That B. Which C. Who D. What 3.4. 羇_they will go next month has not been decided yet. 袃 A. Where B. If C.That D. Why 羁4. _ you say now cant make up for（补偿） what youve done. 袁 A. No matter what B. Whatever C. However D. That5.6. 虿Although _ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world. 羆 A. which B. what C. how D. it肁6. _ is troubling me is that I dont have much experience in international commerce.肈 A. It B. That C. Which D. What肇7. I am sure that _ she said is wrong. A. which B. all C. this D. what蚅8. We lost our way in the forest, and _ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.膀 A. that B. which C. it D. what葿9. _ or not is still uncertain.衿 A. Hes coming B. If he is coming C. That coming D. Whether hes coming蒄10. _ is known to all that the earth moves around the sun.薄 A. It B. WhatC. That D. As 袀11. Its doubtful _ hell be able to come. A. if B. whatC. that D. whether 芇12. _ he saw surprised him. A. That B. When C. What D. Which蒇13. _ is money. A. What does he need B. Why does he need C. What he needs D. Why he needs薄14. _ is a pity that he should feel so upset. A. What B. That C. He D. It芁15. _ book you borrow must be returned within a week.罿 A. What B. Which C. Whichever D. Thats芆宾语从句蚄一、选择题：蚂1. Its so dark. I cant find out _ its a boy _ a girl.蒇A. if, and B. that, and C. that; or D. whether, or肅2. Call you tell me why _ this morning?螄A. you didnt come B. did you not come C. didnt you come D. you dont come蝿3. He said that they _ Yunnan.膈 A. have been to B. had gone to C. have gone to D. has gone to螃4. Do you know what _ this time yesterday?袄A. they are doing B. are they doing C. they were doing D. were they doing腿5. He wanted to know how long _ in hospital.蚆A. she is staying B. she had stayed C. did she stay D. she stay7.8. 袆They will be thankful for _ you have done. 羄 A. what B. that C. which D. who薀7. He said that light _ much faster than sound.莈 A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling薅8. Do you know _ ?肄A. is it whose pen B. whose pen is it C. whose pen it is D. it is whose pen羁9. I hear _ the teacher will come back from the UK soon.螆A. which B. that C. when D. whether莄10. Can you tell me _ language she speaks?膃A. which B. what C. that D. whether肈11. I dont understand _ you said.蒈A. when B. that C. where D. what膃12. Do you know _ made him angry last time?膃A. when B. that C. where D. what葿13. She has made it clear _ she will have nothing to do with him.羆 A. what B. which C. whether D. that膆14. I wondered _ they had been to America.芃 A. if B. what C. who D. that袀15. I am sure _ you said is true.蚈A. what B. that C. which D. who羅16. Do you know _ she will go to the cinema with us?莃A. if B. where C. who D. which芁17. Who knows _ dictionary it is?膆A. whos B. whose C. whom D. who螄18. I cant remember _ I sent the book to.蒃A. that B. which C. where D. whom蚂19. - I dont know if he _ . - He will come if it _ .袇A. comes, wont rain B. will come, doesnt rain 螇 C. comes, doesnt D. will come, wont rain20.21. 薃We wanted to know _ the answer was fight or not. 袈 A. if B. that C. whether D. what蕿表语从句薅1. The question is _ we will have our sports meet next week.蚃A. that B. if C. when D. whether艿2The reason why he failed is _he was too careless.肇A. because B. that C. for D. because of芄3. Go and get your coat. It s _you left it螃A. where B. there C. there where D. where there蚀4The problem is _to take the place of Ted.蝿A. who can we get B. what we can get肃C. who we can get D. that we can get螂5. What I want to know is _ he likes the gift given by us.肁A. that B. if C. whether D.不填膇6. The reason is_I missed the bus.肆A. that B. when C. why D. what袂7. That is _ _ we were late last time. 膈A. that B. when C. why D. what衿8. She looked _ she were ten years younger.袅A. that B. like C. as D. as though羂9.I fell sick! -I think it is _ you are doing too much.蕿A. why B. when C. what D. because莇10. The reason why he hasnt come is _.蚄A. because his mother is ill B. because of his mothers being ill肂C. that his mother is ill D. for his mother is ill羀11. He was born here. - That is _ he likes the place so much.聿A. that B. what C. why D. how蚇12.That is _ Lu Xun once lived. 膂A. what B. where C. that D. why莁13 I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week . Is that_ you had a few days off？薆A. why B .what C. when D. where蒆14 .I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _I got wet through. 节A. Its the reason B. Thats why C. Theres why D. Its how螁15. See the flags on top of the building? That was _ we did this morning. 芈A. when B. which C. where D. what膄16. - Are you still thinking about yesterdays game? -Oh, thats _.莂A. what makes me feel excited B. whatever I feel excited about羈C. how I feel about it D. when I feel excited蚆名词性从句综合练习羃一、that/what的区别莂1_your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.荿A. What; how are you B. That；how you are 羆C. How；that you are D. What；how you are薄2. The trouble is_we are short of tools.肀A. what B. that C. how D. why that芈3. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus.莄A. what B. where C. the place D. there where芃4. China is becoming stronger and stronger. It is no longer_ .聿A. what it used to be B. what it was used to being虿C. what it used to being D. what it was used to be膆5. _he really means is _he disagrees with us.肂A. What that B. That what腿C. What what D. That what肀6. The energy is _ makes the cells able to do their work.薄A. that B. which C. what D. such膅二、 综合选择题艿1._ we cant get seems better than _ we have. 膇A What ; what B. What ; that C. That ; that D. That ; what芆2.It is suggested that we _ to the park later.袄A. will go B. went C. go D. has gone荿3.The question is _the film is worth seeing.薈A. if B. what C. whether D. how 羈4.The reason _ I have to go is _ my mother is ill in bed.蚃A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because葿5. Do you know where _ ? Someone is looking for him.聿A. he is B. he was C. is he D. was he蒅6.He is absent today. Thats _ he is ill.蒁 A. when B. because C. why D. that蕿7.Why not try your luck downtown? Thats _ the best jobs are.葿A.where B.what C.when D.why 膇8. Our teacher said that the moon _ around the earth.蒄A. turn B. turned C. has turned D. turns虿9. Can you tell me _ yesterday?薆A. what they do B. what they did C. what do they do D. what did they do蚅10.No one can be sure _ in a million years.芃A. what man will look like B. what will man look like 虿C. man will look like what D. what look will man like羇11.It was a matter of _ would take the position.莇A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever羂12. Do you know _ of the three?肃A. which book she likes best B. which best book does she like莈C. that which book she likes best D. which book she best likes螅13.Excuse me, sir. Could you tell me _?肅A. where the bank nearest B. where is the nearest bank膂C. where the nearest bank is D. the nearest bank is where蝿14.She asked Tom _ with his car?薇A. what the matter was B. what the matter is C. what was the matter D. what is the matter螄15._is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.节A. It B. What C. As D. Which膀16. We couldnt find out _ , so we asked a policeman.羅A. whose bike it was B. whose bike was it C. whose it was bike D. whose was it bike薃17. Do you know _ take to get to the hospital?节A. which way must we B. which must we way 芇C. which way we must D. which we must way蚇18. None of us knows which floor _ on.莂A. is she B. she living C. she is D. did she live莂19. Id like to know when you _ the army.蚈 A. join B. joined C. have joined D. was joining膄20. _all the inventions ha