李白和威廉布莱克浪漫主义诗歌的比较

外国语学院英语系英语学术论文写作课程论文题目: Comparison of Romantic Poems of Li Bai and William Blake 姓名: 汪彩红 学号: 201152010318 班级: 2011级3班 日期: 2013年12月 评语成 绩 教师签名：ContentsAbstract.摘要.1. Introduction .12. Similarities of Li Bai and William Blakes romantic poems.12.1 Poems written to eulogize the joy in our life .1 2.2 Poems written with rich imagination.2 2.3 Poems written to expose the darkness of the society33. Differences of Li Bai and William Blakes romantic poems.33.1 Difference in style.43.2 Difference in character.54. Conclusion.6References8AbstractLi Bai and William Blake are all Romantic poet, whose poems contain sincere and sentimental passion, and full of imagination. They wrote not only to eulogize the joy in our life, the beauty of nature, but also to criticize the feudal autocratic, to expose and criticize the ruling group of their dissolution and corruption. At the same time, they wrote poems to show him deeply sympathy to the poor who were exploited by the greedy officials. However, the connotations of their poems are different. This paper describes the similarities and differences of their romantic poems, factors and the background that cause the similarities and the differences.Key Words：Li Bai ; William Blake; Romantic poems 摘要李白和威廉布莱克都是浪漫主义诗人，他们的诗中都蕴藏了真挚和热烈的感情，他们想象力丰富。其诗歌不仅歌颂我们的生活中的喜悦，自然之美及在自然环境中生活的欢乐，而且抨击封建专制，揭露和批判统治阶级的专制和腐败，并体现对那生活在水生火热中的人们同情。然而两者反映的内涵却有所不同，本文阐述两位诗人作品风格，内涵的异同之处，并探讨了形成这种异同的各种因素和背景，从而使读者更好的理解这两位诗人及其作品。关键字：李白，威廉布莱克，浪漫主义诗歌。1. IntroductionLi Bai (701 -762 February 8 December 2009), a great Romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty, was later known as “Poetic Genius” (张初勋, 2010: 5). He is famous as his fantastic works and accidental behaviors. His famous poems are “Thoughts on a Quiet Evening” ,”Clear and Fair Melody” ,”The Road Is Hard” and so on. William Blake (28 November 1757 12 August 1827) is an influential English poet, painter and printmaker. Largely unrecognized during his lifetime, Blake is now considered as a seminal figure in the history of the poetry and visual arts of the Romantic Age (王永梅, 2010: 114). His main poetry collections are Songs of Innocence, Songs of Experience and so on.Although they are in the different ages and have different social background and education, I find they have a lot common in their romantic poems. For example, William Blake is a very influential romantic poet in the English literature. Under the stimulus of the French Revolution, he wrote a series of long poets, he also wrote about triumph of American Independence .In those poems, he was in sympathy with the political radicals in their revolt against priests and the king, against the slavery and the oppression and exploitation of the poor. Similarly, Li Bai wrote many poems to not only expose and criticize the ruling group of their dissolution and corruption, but also to show him deeply sympathy to the poor who were exploited by the greedy officials, at the same time, to against the tradition-bound, He was not afraid of relatives of the emperor. I would like to take it for example “How can I lower my brow and bend my waist to serve the aristocrats, causing myself unhappiness?” (Curtis D.Smith, 2010: 225).“安能摧眉折腰事权贵，使我不得开心颜？”Besides, they all wrote poems to reflect their pursuit of the ideal of freedom and positive spirit, but they wrote in their own way. Please follow me and let us figure it out together. 2. Similarities of Li Bai and William Blakes Romantic Poems2.1 Poems written to eulogize the joy in our life We can clearly feel the joy in both Li Bais poems and William Blakes poems. Let us read Leaving My Children in Nanling to Leave for the Capital (南临别儿童入京) wrote by Li Bai and Infant Joy wrote by William Blake, then you can easily get it.If you read infant joy of William Blake, which sentence impressed you most ? From my point of view, ”I happy am, joy is my name, sweet joy befall thee!”It evokes a childs innocence and not merely at birth, but at conception itself. The followed “Sweet joy I call thee, thou dost smile, I sing the while, sweet joy befall thee ” also gives us a peaceful and beautiful picture in which a mother is singing to her baby to make him go to sleep, which makes us feel the world is such an naive and wonderful paradise. We can see the joy and happiness in the lines and the words.As for Li bais poem Leaving My Children in Nanling to Leave for the Capital （南临别儿童入京）, the author expresses his emotion more directly. Such as ”I call the boys to cook the chickens and prepare the white wine. Sons and daughters of mine laugh and smile, pulling at my clothes, singing loudly to bring on inebriation, wishing to comfort myself. I rise to dance as the sun goes down, struggling to give off light.” (周宪，2010: 110111).“呼童烹鸡酌白酒，儿女嬉笑牵人衣。高歌取醉欲自慰，起舞落日争光辉。”The joy and excitement in the poems communicates the exhilarations of the poet as he was going to depart for the capital, exercise his talent, and fulfill his dreams.The two poems choose the wonderful moments and situations in our daily life and give them a particular description, it is very vivid and detailed. We will be affected by them and feel happy and experience the joy just as the same with author.2.2 Poets written with rich imagination As long as you mention rich imagination of poems, the first poem I come up with will be Chant on Roaming Mount Tianmu in a Dream（梦游天姥吟留别），the second one will be the Song of Innocence. The most amazing part I think is “Dark, no end to be seen. Sun and moon shine upon the gold and silver terrace .Rainbow for robes and wind for a horse, the gods above the clouds come down one after the other” (Curtis D.Smith, 2010: 225).“青冥浩荡不见底，日月照耀金银台。霓为衣兮风为马，云之君兮纷纷而来下。”Rainbow can be made into dresses and wind can be a horse in the eyes of the poet. The light the set sun gives off divides the sky into two parts, gold and silver terrace. In the Songs of Innocence I find some similar verse“To see a world in a grain of sand, and to see a heaven in a wild flower.”“Hold infinity in the palm of your hand, and eternity in an hour. A robin red breast in a cage, puts all heaven in a rage.” Can you see the world in a grain of sand? I think you can do that only after read his poem. Flowers and sands cannot be normal anymore, but the author can think about the whole universe and our world through them. How amazing! William Blake and Li Bai are great poems, who can bring you to a magic atmosphere or an absolutely different world; you can have another thought about our life and world with their rich imagination.2.3 Poems written to expose the darkness of the societyAs far as I can see, they both are very responsible poets because they dare to expose and criticize the ruling group of their dissolution and corruption .Furthermore, they always show their deeply sympathy to the poor who were exploited by the greedy officials and the unfair society structure in their poems. At the same time, to against the tradition-bound, they were not afraid of relatives of the emperor and always fought with them bravely for their country and for the truth. Li Bai has many poems in question, I will use the most famous oneSpring Reflections (春潮) “The way is straight, but affairs are difficult to harmonize” (Curtis D.Smith, 2010: 225).“茫茫南与北，道直事难谐。”He desired to anticipate the in the center government to rescue the people, but he was so bluff and forthright that he cant stay at his position, so he merely had a chance to do his job to improve the society. His dreams cant come true especially after the rebellion of An Lushan, so he used his unique method to dispatch his sorrow and pity (张瑞君，1989：19). Blake also expresses their anger against the political system in his poetry .Let us take London for example, London is the most painful one in Blakes early works, profound poems of A poet from different angles on the political system and the authorities of tyranny Criticism (张小宁，2013: 46). To know what London was like at that time, read the poem again.“And marks in every face I meet, Marks of weakness, marks of woe, “shouting, howl in the poem is vivid. Everyone seems to be forced to issue a sound shouting, painful catharsis, hungry, hopeless, and helpless. Even more fear is reflected in the baby cries, it is not a baby usually crying from hunger, it is discomfort caused by factors such cases and the satisfaction to the unfair social structure (李万钧，2002：160). People were frightened and the could not fit in the society that full of industry machines. What is causing this terrible scene is in the first poem, the poet mentions exclusive, which is a concrete manifestation of decadent political system. 3 Differences of Li Bai and William Blakes romantic poems 3.1 Difference in styleLi Bais poems can be described by four words: Magnificent, elegant, bold and uninhibited. He not only inherited the traditional romantic spirit and art of the Chinese poems, but also formed his own creative talented style. His style of poems differs. However, generally speaking, his style of poems is magnificent and elegant, straightforward and uninhibited.William Blakes poems are more subtle and peaceful Blake plays an important role in the history of English literature, a unique writing style and technique created its enduring charm of poetry. Imagine is the source of Blakes poetry, but also to build the foundation of its mythological system (Wei lin, 2013: 203). Opposite view is a philosophical point of view reflected in his poetry, symbolic is the main performance practices of his poetry, but also it has a mystique and meaning of poetry reason for the uncertainty lies. People often say: one soil to raise one person, Newsletter forward to a hero (钮家琪, 1995: 23). Its external background is also very important, of course, Li Bai unique poetic style is closely related to his personality, and it was also mainly affected by social background and his own experiences. Tang Dynasty is a powerful dynasty in Chinese history, but it still cannot avoid the fate of becoming more and more gloom. Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty is a witness of the process of the dynastys decline (张瑞君，1989：16). In addition, we can see Li Bais career was bumpy and he never got to do what he want although he had a really eager heart to serve the people and his country, and he is absolutely capable to do that, while no one can give him that chance. In his life, he was out into prison once because he infringed the interests of the nobility. Hard as his life was, instead of giving in and giving up hope ,he carried on his career bravely. Overall, his poetry style is creative, elegant, bold and uninhibited. Blake not only supported the French Revolution in practical action, but also in poetry. He exchanged scares remarks with other revolutionaries. During the French Revolution, Blake met many democrats, their ideas had a great influence on Blake, his verses began to penetrate a strong sense of humanity and spirit of democracy (卢春燕，2005：59). Because government needed to consolidate its rule, people were strongly opposed during the French Revolution, Britain and France provoked a war, which deepened the misery of the people. In his poems, Blake not only attacked the British governments political system, but also celebrating the revolution, to promote freedom. In addition, Blake was affected by his parents, is also a devout Christian, they believed that as long as you follow Christianity, you would get Gods tender care, to live a happy life. However, in such a circumstances, this attitude became a popular tool for ruling groups to oppress people easily in the name of God (David Bindman, 2001: 79). Huge contrast between the ideal and the reality, so that Blake was deeply dislike the hypocrisy of the church and its ugly side resort to his writings. Going through all these miseries and difficulties, his style of poems is not innocent any more. He began his later serious and critical style.3.2 Difference in description Li Bai is good at imaginary descriptions with exaggerated rhetoric, while Blake is a different kind of way that always gives us some detailed and meticulous descriptions. Let us take the female characters for example. Li Bai is a great humanist, who has sympathy for women, and his poems are true reflection of their pain, requirements and aspirations, and warmly praised the heroic acts of violence against them. Monica Shaw pointed out that Li Bais poem about love reflects the spirit of the people of the Tang Dynasty (武宝娟, 2011: 80). The female can be divided into businessmans wife, hiring women and compassion and care for abandoned wives and other categories from the content. They can be divided into pure, deep and subtle. The description of the female image is divided into three types: the palace of women, thinking woman image hiring women, and the life of the common people in the folk image of women. Features poetry of Li Bai and women made quite insightful analysis. “Let us read some typical verses. This verse is typical imaginary. “The clouds make one think of the gown, the blossoms make one think of the faces. The spring breeze brushes the railing, the dew thick on the flowers” (周宪，2010: 119).“云想衣裳花想容，春风拂槛露花浓。”As for Blake, there are four types female characters fantasy of the perfect lady and plastic dolls, nuns wandering in the snow, Kamen world, the devil and the combination of spirits and monsters with the body (侯霞，2010: 55). Blake presented a perfect picture for people to witness the progress in the growth of a woman. Blakes view of women is progress, ingenious. His work is a good boost to the rise of the womens liberation movement (舒香惠，杨颖，2011：36). There are four kinds of women in his works, too. They are nuns wandering in the snow, fantasy of the perfect lady, plastic dolls in Kamen world, the devil and the combination of monsters (王永梅，2010：116). In his works nuns would rather put themselves in their small space than keep in contact with the outside world. It is a typical character who is wandering in the snow, will not meet the outside world in his work. They imprison themselves in order to resist the thought of something outside matters. This kind of women were alone, were prisoners their husbands or fathers, even the social power would ban them. A males voice always gave a warning in the ear: the outside world was very dangerous. So they did not really understand the exact needs of their inner, and they were completely isolated from the outside world (候霞，2010：60). Searle, Purcells daughter in Blakes book, came to North Gate of Heaven to search and explore the meaning of life. She firstly encountered the lily of the valleys. She visited the lily who thought there was nothing to worry about since she enjoyed the suns warmth, moisture and rain every day, accompanied by butterflies. Searle disagree with this view, then asked clouds, horses Zeus, insects, Soil. Soil explained to her that they are not living for themselves, the meaning of life is to pay. It is an invitation to visit the underground kingdom Purcell, where the dead corpse buried. Then voice in Searles ear dire warnings, she screamed and fled back to South of Heaven Door. Here Blake also used the symbolism, the North Gate of Heaven stands for substance life, and lily and insects represent enjoying the comforts. In addition, South Gate symbolizes purity and eternal spiritual world. Searle thinks unborn, do not want to be affected by the outside world.While his female characters always have many Good character, such as kindness, restraint. During this period, womens hearts were still full of fear and hatred because of legal constraints of society. This womans life is a nightmare to some