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写作学习扩写,了解扩写的一般技巧,学会扩写。展开联想和想象,练习发散思维,大胆创造,丰富文章内容。学会锤炼自己的语言,让作品更生动、精彩。,学习目标,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,技法点拨,什么是扩写?,扩写就是将本来较为简略、概括的文章或片段加以扩展、补充,使之成为篇幅更长、内容更充实的文章。,1.忠于原文扩写时要准确理解原文的中心思想,把握原文的主要内容,遵循原文的体裁,在此基础上发散思维,大胆创造。2.找准扩写点一篇文章里,并不是每句话、每段文字都需要扩写。扩写时要根据表达中心的需要,选择、确定适合的点,有针对性地进行扩写。,技法点拨,扩写的基本要求,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,3.展开想象根据确定的扩点和方向,积极展开大胆、丰富、有创造性的想象,如增加对原文中人物的神态、动作、语言、心理等细节描写,丰富文章内容,使人物生动传神。,技法点拨,扩写的基本要求,4.修改成文初稿写成后,要反复朗读,特别注意文章内容的一致和连贯。人称和语气要保持前后一致,情节的发展或论述的推进要合乎逻辑,要有必要的过渡,增添的细节要和全文相协调等等,最后修改成文。,技法点拨,扩写的基本要求,不同体裁的文章,扩写的着重点不同:(1)记叙性文章。扩写时应忠于原文的中心思想和人物形象,在此基础上补充情节和细节,增加对人物、环境的描写等。,技法点拨,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,(2)说明性文章。扩写时要忠于原文的说明对象,在此基础上补充材料,运用多种说明方法,丰富对说明对象的介绍。(3)议论性文章。扩写时要忠于原文的观点,在此基础上进一步补充论据,阐释观点。,技法点拨,文题展示,一、学习完本单元的诗歌,一名同学总结了自己对诗歌的认识,写了下面这句话。回顾读过的诗歌,从中选择几首作为例子,将这句话扩写一段话。不少于300字。,诗歌是一种很特别的文学体裁,有三个突出特点:一是用意象来表达情感,二是语言凝练,三是讲究节奏和韵律。,扩句成段时要先为三个突出特点举例,针对三个特点,各举一两个恰当的例子,然后围绕对应的特点,对每个例子作具体的分析。,写作要求,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,文题展示,二、阅读下面的材料,将其扩写成一篇具体、生动的文章,题目自拟。不少于600字。,春秋时期,晋公子重耳和他的随从在逃难途中,经过卫国,卫文公没有以礼相待。他们从五鹿经过,向乡下人讨饭吃,乡下人给他们土块。重耳大怒,想要用鞭子打那个人。狐偃劝他说:“这是上天赏赐的土地呀!”重耳于是磕头致谢,收下土块,装在车上。,扩写故事时要先仔细体会,明确故事内涵,确定中心思想。然后围绕中心找准扩写点,发挥想象,增加必要的环境描写、场面描写、语言描写、心理描写等,力求生动。写作时最好列一个扩写提纲,根据提纲下笔。,写作要求,文题展示,三、阅读下面的语段,深入思考,将其扩写成一篇议论性文章,题目自拟。不少于600字。,“苟有恒,何必三更眠五更起;最无益,莫过一日曝十日寒。”这是明代学者胡居仁撰写的对联,意在勉励自己:做事情贵在持之以恒。持之以恒,就要注重平日积累,而非临时抱佛脚。持之以恒,就要注意坚持不懈,而非一曝十寒。古今中外很多事例都告诉我们,做事情有恒心方能成功。我们在求学、成长的路途上,也应持之以恒。,扩写议论性的文章时要先阅读给定的材料,明确材料论述的观点是什么,然后补充相关的论据,增加相关的事实或道理论据,证明观点。在方法上,要选择恰当的论证方式;在结构上,也要灵活处理,力求写得精彩。,写作要求,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,文题一,诗歌是一种很特别的文学体裁,毛诗大序记载:“诗者,志之所之也。在心为志,发言为诗。”南宋严羽沧浪诗话云:“诗者,吟咏性情也。”它有三个突出特点:,补充对诗歌这种文学体裁的解释;引用名言,增添文章的底蕴,彰显文化气息。,写作例文,一是用意象来表达情感。这一点舒婷的祖国啊,我亲爱的祖国一诗就表现得相当突出。诗中作者选取“破旧的老水车”“熏黑的矿灯”“干瘪的稻穗”“失修的路基”“淤滩上的驳船”等意象,来象征祖国落后的经济、落后的文化和多年蒙受的苦难,同时也展现了在灾难中艰难挣扎、缓慢前行的祖国的形象。正是通过这些意象,诗人抒发了与,祖国血肉相连、荣辱与共的感情,表达了强烈的爱国之情和历史责任感。因此,阅读诗歌,抓住意象,往往就能找到打开诗歌情感大门的钥匙。二是语言凝练。诗歌是最凝练的语言,特别是古代的诗歌,是很讲究字词的锤炼的,这一方面贾岛的“推敲”就,增加事例,用舒婷的诗歌说明如何用意象表达情感,使说明更具体,内容更充实。,是明显的例子。现当代诗歌,一般不再有字数限制,但诗歌的语言一定比一般的口语和散文语言更凝练,更含蓄。比如贺敬之的放声歌唱是一首气势澎湃的长诗,就是在这样一泻千里的抒情中,作者的用墨也是极经济的:“五月麦浪。八月海浪。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成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