SCI论文写作指导ppt课件.ppt

SCI文章撰写与发表技巧,樊春海,1,SCI文章撰写与发表技巧,如何撰写,如何投稿,示例解析,常见问题,SCI简介,2,什么是SCI,SCI：美国费城科学情报研究所出版的科学引文索引SCI论文：在科学引文索引（SCI）收录的杂志发表的论文为什么要有SCI破除SCI的神秘-SCI不是为了评价！SCI是基础研究的利器-提供一种可以“搠源”同时可以“追新”的强有力的工具可以通过发表SCI论文得到更广泛的认可论文发表情况是衡量基础研究者的工具之一如果不能根据研究写出论文，那就相当于没做研究。“有趣但未发表”等于“不存在”。管理机构评价标准之一（一个简单但有效的手段）,3,SCI与影响因子,影响因子（impactfactor,IF）：一种期刊的影响因子，指的是该刊前二年发表的文献在当前年的平均被引用次数IF代表了该杂志发表的论文平均受关注的程度IF是评价论文好坏的指标之一一般而言，权威杂志的评审较为严格，论文评价水准较高好的杂志也有差的论文；一般杂志也有经典论文IF无法作为经典工作的评价标准，但对于大多数基础研究者而言是重要的标准IF只适用于本学科的比较,4,若干权威SCI杂志,综合类：Nature,Science,PNAS医学领域：CA-CANCERJCLIN，NEWENGLJMED，LANCET，JAMA-JAMMEDASSOC，JCLININVEST生物学领域：CELLCell系列、Nature系列、PLOS系列J.Cell.Biol.,J.Biol.Chem.化学与材料领域：ANGEWCHEMINTEDIT(11)NANOLETT(10)JAMCHEMSOC(8.5)ADVMATER(8.4),5,如何撰写SCI论文,SCI简介,如何投稿,示例解析,常见问题,如何撰写,6,如何撰写SCI论文,首要条件：克服畏惧心理几个必要条件一定的英文基础文从句顺良好的逻辑基础能否用中文写是关键（但不能用中文写）严谨的研究工作自圆其说若干诀窍多读是关键八股文风天下文章一大抄（但不能抄）,7,论文写作的诀窍,如果不知道如何开始将实验思路和结果按一定的逻辑关系堆起来形成骨架我为什么做这项工作？”；“这意味着什么？”；“我打算验证什么假设？”；“我实际上验证了什么假设？”；“结论是什么？”；“这项工作是否用了新方法？”；“我采取什么测量方式？”；“什么样的新材料？”；“它们表现出什么样的特征？”。找几篇相关的优秀论文，把可能用到的句子摘录下来填充到骨架中（“抄”，描红）加上连接语或连接词使之具有起承转合把句子按自己的语气和理解改成自己的话反复修改放置一段时间等印象淡了之后再读多读几篇相关的优秀论文（也许有所感受）请人读是否通顺，是否可以理解,8,论文的形式,同行评议的研究论文全文(article,fullpaper)通讯(communication,letter)简报(note,letter)正式发表的学术会议论文Proceedings,specialjournalissue不同学科的认同度不同综述或评论,9,论文的结构,题目(title)前言(introduction)实验方法(Experimental,Materialsandmethods)结果与讨论(Resultsanddiscussion)结论(Conclusions,summary)图表(figuresandtables)文献(references)摘要(abstract)关键词(keywords),10,题目是灵魂,题目要吸引眼球（有助于通过编辑关）简洁、清晰、最大信息、偶尔可以用一些非科学的用语AnanoplasmonicmolecularrulerformeasuringnucleaseactivityandDNAfootprinting(NatureNanotechnology,2006,1,47)不用”Effectof”，”Studieson”,11,前言是关键,前言能把审稿人套进去（看文章不先看前言）前言要解决什么问题？（三段论）为什么要做这个工作？前人已经做了什么？我们在此采用什么技术做了哪些事情？这些事情相对于前人而言有什么进步或突破？为什么我们能进步或突破？前言是说服他人认可我做这个工作是有意义的首先要说服自己,12,指出当前研究的不足并有目的地引导出研究重要性在叙述前人成果之后，用However来引导不足，提出一种新方法或新方向。如：However,fewstudieshavebeendone如：Previousresearchhasneglected/overestimated/underestimatedthus,thesepreviousresultsarecontroversial.Uncertaintiesstillexist如果自己的研究是全是新的，没有前人的工作可对比，你就可以说WeaimtotestthefeasibilityoftheItishopedthatthequestionwillberesolvedwithourproposedmethod.果你的是一种新的研究手段或研究方向，你可提出当前流行的方法及其性质，然后(However)说对你所研究的方向方法研究甚少虽然前人对某一问题研究很多，但目前有两种或更多种观点，这种uncertainties或ambiguities值得进一步澄清研究方法和方向与前人一样时，可通过以下方式强调自己工作：However,dataisstillrare，Weneedtoprovidemoredata.Furtherstudiesarestillnecessary,13,提出自己的观点：WeaimtoThepurposeofthispaperistoInaddition,wewillalsodiscuss圈定自己的研究范围introduction的另一个作用就是告诉读者(包括reviewer)，你文章的主要研究内容。如果处理不好，reviewer会提出严厉的建议，比如你没有考虑某种可能性，某种研究手段等。为减少这种争论，在前言的结尾就必须明确提出本文研究的范围。可明确提出本文只关心某一特定范围的问题，Wepreliminarilyfocusonthe也可说两者都重要，但是本文只涉及其中一种。最后的圆场在前言的最后，还可以总结性地提出“这一研究对其它研究有什么帮助”；或者说furtherstudiesonwillbesummarizedinournextstudy其目的就是让读者把思路集中到你要讨论的问题上来。尽量减少不必要的争论。,14,注意点：引用文献要全面；适当夸奖本领域的名人不要说别人的工作差；委婉指出在出色的工作之余还有什么缺陷或遗憾适当烘托自己在本领域的工作基础,15,实验方法,务必完整记述实验过程使人能够重复可以套用模板,16,结果与讨论是重点,尽可能详尽地描述实验思路、实验过程和实验结果我是如何设计实验的？（最好有图）为什么要这么做？实验中观察到什么现象？符合预期或不符合？实验结果的分析、统计及文献进行比对（最好列表）讨论是研究工作的升华讨论实验是否符合预期，为什么？讨论我的工作好在什么地方？(Advantagesinclude)讨论实验中的异常现象讨论不足之处和可能的解决方案,17,如何讨论？,怎样提出观点？注意：不合适的句子通常会遭到reviewer置疑。1)如果观点不是这篇文章最先提出的：Weconfirmthat2)对于自己很自信的观点：Webelievethat3)由数据推断出一定的结论：Resultsindicate,infer,suggest,implythat4)在极特别时才可用forthefirsttime来强调自己的创新5)对所提出的观点不完全肯定：Wetentativelyputforward;TheresultsmaybeduetoattributedtoresultedfromItseemsthat注意这些结构的合理搭配,18,连接词与逻辑注意句子上下连贯，不能让句子独立常见连接词：However,also,inaddition,consequently,afterwards,moreover,Furthermore,further,although,unlike,incontrast,Similarly,Unfortunately,alternatively,parallelresults,Inorderto,despite,Forexample,Comparedwith,otherresults,thus,therefore叙述按时间顺序：AAadvocateditforthefirsttime;ThenBBfurtherdemonstratedthat;Afterwards,CC;MorerecentstudiesbyDD叙述两种观点：AAputforwardthatIncontrast,BBbelieveorUnlikeAA,BBsuggest；AAsuggestSimilarily,alternatively,BBOrAlso,BBorBBalsodoes表示因果或者前后关系可用Consequently,therefore,asaresult表明递进关系可用furthermore,further,moreover,inaddition注意段落布局的整体逻辑。第一段要明确说明你要讨论几个部份Therefore,therearethreeaspectsofthisproblemhavetobeaddressed可直接用First,Second,Third,FinallyFurthermore,inaddition等可以用来补充说明,19,讨论部分包括什么内容？,主要数据及其特征的总结主要结论及与前人观点的对比本文的不足（和intro呼应）给出文章的不足是保护自己文章的重要手段不要认为挑战审稿人的智力，认为他们看不出文章的漏洞研究的问题有点片面：WefocusononlyWehavetopointoutthatwedonot结论有些不足：TheresultsdonotimplyOurresultsarelackof再次强调本文的重要性以及可能采取的手段：Notwithstandingitslimitation,thisstudydoessuggestHowever,theseproblemscouldbesolvedifweconsider左右逢源。主动交代、表明立场（你已经在思考这些问题），问题不是你造成的（由于文章长度、实验进度或手段制约），且你已经建议了可能实现的途径。,20,图表,好的图表是成功的一半好的图表的特点直观清晰美观注重细节（如图内文字字体、大小）艺术感,21,结论、摘要,通常在全文完成之后撰写前言抽象为一两句话点题结果的简要描述着重突出方法的优越性、结果不同于前人的地方意义或延伸抽象为一两句话结题结论和摘要要在几句话中说清楚，在几分钟内给人以深刻的印象,22,文献展示细节,细节可以决定成败务必引用你要投的杂志的论文务必引用潜在审稿人的论文文献的档次可能会影响审稿人的判断文献是否符合杂志的要求？（可能会影响判断）借助Endnote等文献软件（值得花时间学会）,23,如何投稿SCI杂志,SCI简介,如何撰写,如何投稿,示例解析,常见问题,24,如何投稿SCI杂志,选择合适的杂志仔细读Informationforauthors了解编委会成员的可能兴趣,25,首页,题目作者（通讯作者）工作单位通讯方式（尽可能详细）摘要关键词,26,CoverLetter,DearProf.XXXXX,Pleasefindenclosedouroriginalmanuscriptsubmittedto(Journalname).Thefollowingistherelevantinformationaboutourmanuscript:TheTitle:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXTheAuthors:XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXandXXXXXXXXXXTheauthorsclaimthatnoneofthematerialinthepaperhasbeenpublishedorisunderconsiderationforpublicationelsewhere.ThenoveltyofthisworkliesinthatIamthecorrespondingauthorandmyaddressandotherinformationareasfollows,Address:E-mail:Tel:Fax:Thankyouverymuchforconsideration!SincerelyYours,Dr.XXXXXXXXXXX,27,投稿方式,网络投稿或hardcopy注意细节投稿的文件类型是否要求用投稿模板？图片格式和分辨率投给谁？（主编或编委）推荐审稿人（若干原则）,28,审稿与改稿,通常2-3个月，长可到一年催或不催？退修是常事(accept,major/minorrevision,reject)即使reject也可以据理力争（科学意义的质疑则无意义）尽可能针对每个问题作出回答写一份详尽的报告如果有的要求不能满足，尽可能说明情况。最好引用文献作一些解释有理有据,29,投稿流程,1）选择合适的SCI期刊。多关注不同种类的SCI杂志有帮助2）下载投稿说明。到每个杂志的首页3）稿件及其相关材料准备。Manuscript.doc、Tables.doc、Figures.tiff（jpg等）、Coverletter，有时还有Copyrightagreement。,30,4）网上投稿-Submitamanuscript申请账号，然后以authorlogin身份登录，按照提示依次完成。5）稿件状态SubmitNewManuscript、SubmissionsSentBacktoAuthor、IcompleteSubmissions、SbmissionsWaitingforAuthorsApproval、SubmissionsBeingProcessed、SubmissionsNeedingRevision、RvisionsSentBacktoAuthor、IcompleteSubmissionsBeingRevised、RisionsWaitingforAuthorsApproval、RevisionsBeingProcessed、DeclinedRevisions。一般来说，投稿后，一周以内便可以进入审稿状态，1-3个月会有初审结果,31,6）修改稿的投递主要修改revisedmanuscript、responsetothereviewers、coverletter，关键是responseletter，这非常关键，要逐条回复reviewers的意见。7）校样-proof8）版权协议有些杂志首次投稿时就需要提供，也有杂志是Accepted之后提供,32,示例解析,SCI简介,如何撰写,如何投稿,示例解析,常见问题,33,示例解析I,Gold-Nanoparticle-BasedMulticolorNanobeaconsforSequence-SpecificDNAAnalysisAngewandteChemieInternationalEdition,2009(影响因子11.2),34,Manuscriptnumber:anie.200901887MSType:CommunicationTitle:GoldNanoparticle-basedMulticolorNanobeaconsforSequence-SpecificDNAAnalysisCorrespondenceAuthor:ChunhaiFanPLEASEANSWERBY:19.08.2009_DearProfessorFan,Thankyouforyoursubmissionof08.04.2009andfortheabove-mentionedmanuscript.Wearepleasedtoinformyouthattheabove-mentionedmanuscripthasnowbeenacceptedforpublicationinANGEWANDTECHEMIE.However,werequestthatyoureviseyourmanuscripttakingintoconsiderationtheenclosedcommentsfromoneofourreferee/s.Itwouldbehelpfulifyouweretopreparetherevisedversionofthemanuscriptinaccordancewiththechecklistintheattachedfile.Ofparticularimportanceisthegraphicalmaterial,whichcanthenbereproduceddirectly,reducingthepossibilityoferrorsandfacilitatingyourcorrectionoftheauthorproofs.PleasesendyourrevisedmanuscriptfromyourmanuscriptXpresshomepage(http:/www.manuscriptX).PleaseignorethebuttonManuscriptSubmission(onlyforNEWMANUSCRIPTS)andenterdirectlyyourLogin:fanchunhaiandpassword;thenuploadyourarchivefileunderManuscript(s)tobeRevisedfromyourToDolist.Wetrustinyourcooperationandlookforwardtoreceivingthefinalversionofthisfinepapersoon.Yourssincerely,Dr.HaymoRossDeputyEditor,35,示例解析II,ATP-aptamer复合物,Adv.Mater.2007（影响因子8.4）,选择性,浓度梯度,对照,36,Subject:YourManuscriptadma.200602256forADVANCEDMATERIALSADVANCEDMATERIALSManuscriptnumber:adma.200602256MS-Type:CommunicationTitle:AGoldNanoparticle-basedAptamerTargetBindingReadoutforATPAssayCorrespondenceAuthor:FanYOURSUBMISSIONOF:03.10.2006_DearProfessorFan,Thankyouforyourletterandtheabovementionedmanuscript.Pleasefindattachedthecommentsofourreferees.IregrettoinformyouthatonthebasisofthereportsweareunabletoacceptthemanuscriptforpublicationinADVANCEDMATERIALSinitspresentform.However,ifyouweretosubstantiallyrevisethemanuscripttakingintoaccountthecommentsoftherefereeswewouldbepleasedtohavethemanuscriptreassessed.Iamsorrynottobeabletobemorepositiveatthistimebuthopethatthisdoesnotdeteryoufromcontinuingtoenjoy,andsubmityourworkto,thejournal.Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Yourssincerely,Dr.DavidFlanaganDeputyEditor,37,Subject:Yourmanuscriptadma.200602256forADVANCEDMATERIALSYOURSUBMISSIONOF:03.10.2006_DearProfessorFan,Thankyouforyourletterandtheabove-mentionedmanuscript.IregrettoinformyouthatwearestillunabletoacceptthemanuscriptforpublicationinADVANCEDMATERIALS,adecisionthatisinaccordwiththeopinionofthereferee(seebelow).IamsorrynottobeabletobemorepositiveinthiscasebuthopethatyoucontinuetoenjoyADVANCEDMATERIALSandsoonsubmitmoreworktothejournal.Ihopethentobeabletoofferyouabetterservice.Yourssincerely,Dr.DavidFlanaganDeputyEditor,38,DearProfessorFan,Thanksforyoure-mail,inwhichyouaskedwhetheritispossibleformetoreconsidermyearlierdecisiontorejectyourabove-mentionedrevisedmanuscript.InprincipleeveryauthorofarejectedpaperatADVANCEDMATERIALShastherighttoappeal.Forthisitisnecessarytosubmitarevised(ortheoriginal)manuscriptandtopresentarebuttaltotherefereesarguments.Itcertainlyhelpswhenanauthorseesmajorfactualerrorsintherefereesstatements.IfthewholecaseisonlyamatterofdifferentopinionsIrecommendthatonedoesnotappeal.Therebuttalandtherevisedversionarethensenttotherefereewhoserecommendationcausedtherejection.Ifnecessarythewholecasecanbepresentedadditionallytoacourt-of-appealreferee.Whenallstatementsareavailable,theeditormakesthefinaldecision.Ifyouwishtostarttheappealprocess,letmeknowandIwillsetthestatusoftheabove-mentionedmanuscripttoManuscripttoberevisedonyourhomepage,andyoucanuploadtherevisedversionandrebuttalletterdirectlyintoouronlinesystem.YourssincerelyDr.DavidFlanaganDeputyEditor,39,Subject:AcceptanceofYourRevisedManuscriptadma.200602256forADVANCEDMATERIALSPLEASEANSWERBY:ASAP_DearProfessorFan,Thankyouforyourmanuscript.ItgivesmegreatpleasuretoinformyouthatyourrevisedmanuscripthasbeenacceptedforpublicationinADVANCEDMATERIALSwithoutfurtherchange,adecisionthatisinaccordwiththeopinionofourreferee.Pleaseensureyourmanuscriptconformstothefollowingpoints:TheproductiondatamustbetheFINALVERSION.Youmaybechargedforanysignificantadditionsorchangesmadeduringcorrectionofthepageproofs.Wewillcontactyouafterwehavecopyeditedyourmanuscripttoinformyouwhentoexpectthepageproofs.Pleasefollowtheinstructionsprovidedwiththepageproofstoreturnyourcorrectionstousforonlinepublication.Congratulationsonyourresults,andthankyouforchoosingAdvancedMaterialsforpublishingyourwork.IhopeyouwillconsiderAdvancedMaterialsforyourfuturemanuscripts.Sincerelyyours,Dr.DavidFlanaganDeputyEditor,40,CaseStudyIII,Adv.Mater.2007（影响因子8.4）,41,RE:ClinicalChemistryMSID:CLINCHEM/2006/080523MSTitle:Enzyme-basedmultifunctionalnanoprobesforcolorimetricDNAdetectionwithhighsensitivityDearDr.Fan:Thankyouverymuchforsubmittingyourmanuscriptforpublication.Becausecompetitionforourlimitedspaceisbecomingincreasinglykeen,Imustdeclinepapersthatmighthavebeenacceptedinthepast.Guidedbyourconstraintsonspace,twoeditorshaveconcludedthatyourpaperislikelytointerestfewerreadersthanwillothersandthatyouandyourreaderswillbebetterservedifyousubmittheworkelsewhere.Whilewearealwayssorrytodeclinepapersforthisreason,wehopethatyouwillacceptthisverdictintheconstructivespiritinwhichitisoffered.Wehopethatourpromptresponsewillenableyoutosubmityourmanuscripttoaspecialtyjournal,whichwillprobablywelcomethisaccountofyourwork.Thankyouforallowingustoseeit.Sincerely,Dr.CarlWittwerAssociateEditor,42,Subject:AcceptanceofYourManuscriptadma.200701918forADVANCEDMATERIALSADVANCEDMATERIALSManuscriptnumber:adma.200701918MS-Type:CommunicationTitle:Enzyme-basedmulti-componentopticalnanoprobesforsequence-specificdetectionofDNAhybridizationCorrespondenceAuthor:FanPLEASEANSWERBY:ASAP_DearProfessorFan,Thankyouforyourmanuscript.ItgivesmegreatpleasuretoinformyouthatyourmanuscripthasbeenprovisionallyacceptedforpublicationinADVANCEDMATERIALS,subjecttotheminorchangesthattherefereesandeditorssuggest(seebelow).Sincerelyyours,Dr.PeterGregory,43,IMPORTANCE:important(top25%ofpapers)DATAOBTAINEDVERIFYHYPOTHESISANDCONCLUSIONS:YesAPPROPRIATELENGTH:YesOTHERJOURNAL:RECOMMENDACCEPTANCE:Yes,withoutalterationsCOMMENTS:Theauthorshaveusedalargegoldnanocrystalasaframeworkuponwhichtoattachedtheheterogeneouscomponentsofanenzyme-linkedhybridizationassay.Theyobservepicomolardetectionlimits(byeye!)andtheirapproachisselectiveenoughtodeploydirectlyinbloodserum.Tothebestofmyknowledgenoonehaspreviouslydonesuchagoodandcompellingjobofusingalargernanocrystalasasubstratefortheattachmentofbothcaptureprobesandreportergroups.Thespecificity,selectivityandsensitivityofthetest-bedassaytheauthorsdevelopedareimpressive,andIsuspectthedescribedtechnologywillbeapplicabletomanyotherassayformats.,44,常见问题,SCI简介,如何撰写,如何投稿,示例解析,常见问题,45,常见问题,中译英少用长句少用Inthispaper(可以用Inthisstudy)少用或不用Obviously,forthefirsttime重点在前（段落、句子）Incorrect：Fortheapplicationinautomobileinteriors,thispaperstudiesthenestingoptimizationprobleminleathermanufacturing.Correct：Thispaperstudiesthenestingoptimizationprobleminleathermanufacturingforapplicationinautomobileinteriors.,46,Which/thatShown/showedtheresultsareshowninFigure2Suchas/etcResearchwork;Knowledgememory;Sketchmap;Layoutscheme;Outputperformance;Simulationresults;Calculationresults;ApplicationresultsHowtoNo:Howtofindtheoptimalparameteristhemainobjective.Yes:Determininghowtofindtheoptim