高三复习 非谓语动词ppt课件.ppt

非谓语动词,Non-predicateVerbs,1,一、功能,2,二、主要用法,（一）非谓语动词做定语1.todo作后置定语表将来e.g.Thecartobebought(buy)isforhissister.当被修饰的名词前面又被序数词和最高级修饰时或被theonly修饰时e.g.Hewasthebestmantodo(do)thejob.e.g.Shewasthefirstwomantowin(win)thegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.,3,某些抽象名词如ability，attempt,chance,opportunity,effort，用todo作后置定语e.g.DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteEnglish?,4,2.tobedone表将来，“将被做”e.g.Thequestiontobediscussed(discuss)tomorrowisveryimportant.3.doing与被修饰名词主动关系Idontknowtheboystanding(stand)underthetree.,5,4.done与被修饰名词被动关系e.g.Haveyoureadthenovelwritten(write)byDickens?5.beingdone正在被做e.g.Thehousesbeingbuilt(build)nowarefortheteachers.,6,练一练,1.Hewasthelastone_(leave)schoolyesterday.2.Thechild_(stand)overthereismybrother3.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow_(say)hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.4.ItssaidthattheOlympicGames_(hold)inLondonin2020willcovermoreeventsthananyotherOlympicsdid.,7,5.Doyouhavetheability_(readandwrite)English?6.Thebuilding_(build)nextyearisourdormitory.7.Ithinkthescientificadvances_(mention)inyourarticleareinteresting.8.Themeeting_(hold)nowisofgreatimportance.,8,(二)非谓语作状语,1.todo表“目的”，为了做某事。还可作原因状语e.g.Helenhadtoshouttomake(make)herselfheardabovethesoundofthemusic.e.g.Imverygladtosee(see)you.表意想不到的结果，结果却e.g.Hehurriedtothestationonlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.,9,2.tobedone作状语表“目的”，为了被表意想不到的的结果，结果却被e.g.Hehurriedtothestationonlytobetold(tell)thatthetrainhadleft.,10,3.doing作状语与逻辑主语是主动关系，且与主句的谓语动词基本上同时发生e.g.Notknowing(know)whattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.4.Havingdone作状语与逻辑主语是主动关系，先于主句谓语动词发生e.g.Havingbought(buy)apreciousdiamondnecklaceforhiswife,Tomcouldntaffordatieforhimself.,11,5.done过去分词作状语与逻辑主语是被动关系，e.g.Encouraged(encourage)byherteachers,Rosedidwellatschool.6.Havingbeendone作状语与逻辑主语是被动关系，且先发生Havingbeenasked(ask)workovertimethatevening,Imissedawonderfulfilm.,12,补充：非谓语作状语，也可用连词when,while,once,until,if,unless,although+doing或donee.g.Ifgivenmoreattentionto,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.e.g.Wehavetoconsidertheneedforenvironmentalprotectionwhendevelopingeconomy.,13,练一练,1.Theisland,(join)tothemainlandbyabridge,iseasytogoto.2.Sarahpretendedtobecheerful,_(say)nothingabouttheargument.3.(translate)intoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveanentirelydifferentwordorder.4.(open)in1955,DisneylandinCaliforniaisregardedbymanyastheoriginalfunpark.,14,5.AccordingtoarecentU.S.survey,childrenspendupto25hoursaweek_(watch)TV.6._(complete)theprojectasplanned,wellhavetoworktwomorehoursaday.7.When_(ask)whyhewentthere,hesaidhewassenttheretobetrainedforaspaceflight.8.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless_(water)everyday.,15,9._(search)thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyouwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.10.Thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport,only_(tell)thefilmstarshadleft.11._(live)inNanjingformanyyears,heknowstheplaceverywell.12._(keep)inthefridgefortwohours,thefoodhasgonebad.,16,(三)非谓语作宾语补足语,1.不定式todosth.作宾语补足语常见的用不定式作宾补的动词有:ask,cause,get,want,wish,tell,advise,encourage,persuade,invite,permit,allow,force,expect,beg,urge,require,callone.g.Iaskedhimtocomeover.,17,2.doing作宾语补足语表示与宾语是主动关系，“一直做或正在做”e.g.IheardhersinginganEnglishsongwhenIpassedbyherroomyesterday.3.过去分词done作宾语补足语表示与宾语是被动关系，“被做”e.g.IoftenhearthisEnglishsongsungbyLily.4.“省略to的不定式”作宾语补足语表示与宾语是主动关系，表动作的全过程e.g.Theteacherhadmerepeatthestory.,18,练一练,1.Anarmyspokesmanstressedthatallthesoldiershadbeenordered_(issue)clearwarningbeforefiringanyshot.2.Passengersarepermitted_(carry)onlyonepieceofhandluggageontotheplane.3.Ismellsomething_(burn)inthekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?4.Dontleavethewater_(run)whileyoubrushyourteeth.,19,5.TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish_(speak)asmuchaswecan.6.Myadvisorencouragedme_(take)asummercoursetoimprovemywritingskills.7.Pauldoesnthavetobemade_(learn).Healwaysworkshard.8.Wefoundthestudentsseatedattablesandhadtheireyes_(fix)onthesceneofthelaunchofShenzhouVspaceship.,20,(四)非谓语作主语1.不定式todo作主语e.g.Tofindabestfriendisdifficult.=Itisdifficulttofindabestfriend.2.动名词doing作主语e.g.Walkingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.,21,练一练,1._(walk)isagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.,22,(五)非谓语作宾语,1.只能用不定式todo作宾语的动词：want,need,hope,expect,like,hate,try,manage,intend,plan,pretend,prefer,agree,refuse,learn,decide,choose,offer,promise,wish等e.g.HepretendnottoseemewhenIpassedby.,23,2.只能用V-ing作宾语的动词：admit,dislike,imagine,delay,consider,mind,avoid,enjoy,practice,miss,finish,keep,suggest,deny,allow,permit,forbid,risk,canthelp,putoff,giveup,feellike,bebusy,havedifficulty,haveagoodtime,cantstand(忍受)等。e.g.Wedontallowsmokinginthehall.e.g.Ihavetoputoffshoppingtilltomorrow.,24,3.后面既可以直接加doing也可以直接加todo，两者意义大致相同的词有：continue,begin,start,love,hate,like等。,25,4.有些动词后面既可以直接加doing也可以直接加todo，但两者意义完全不同的词forget/remembertodosth.忘记/记得要去做某事forget/rememberdoingsth.忘记/记得已经做过某事trytodo努力做某事trydoing试着做某事regretdoing后悔已经做过某事regrettodosth.很遗憾要去做某事meandoing意味着做某事meantodo打算做某事canthelpdoing情不自禁地做某事canthelptodosth.不能帮助做某事,26,1.CanIsmokehere?Sorry.Wedontallow_(smoke)here.2.Icantstand_(work)withJaneinthesameoffice.Shejustrefuses_(stop)talkingwhilesheworks.3.Robertisindeedawiseman.Oh,yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted_(nottake)hisadvice!4.Ifyouthinkthattreatingawomanwellmeansalways_(get)herpermissionforthings,thinkagain.,27,（六）非谓语作表语,1.不定式作表语e.g.Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.注意：作表语，一般要用带to的不定式,但当主语部分有实义动词do时,to可以省略。e.g.Nowtheonlythingwecandoiswait.e.g.WhatIwantedtodoistakeanapforabouttwodays.,28,2.v-ing和v-ed作表语v-ing形式表示“令人的”，多用来修饰事或物v-ed表示“感到的”，多用来修饰人，人的声音或表情等如interesting有趣的；interested感兴趣的；exciting令人激动的；excited感到激动的frightening，frightened,29,四、注意情况（一）用省to的不定式的情况1.在wouldrather,hadbetter,whynot,cantchoosebut(只好)，canthelpbut(只能/禁不住)后面，用省to的不定式。e.g.Iwouldrathergoswimming.e.g.Youhadbettertidyyourbedroom.e.g.WhynotvisityourcousininJapan?,30,2.当两个动词不定式由and,or,except,but,than,ratherthan相连接时，通常第二个不定式要省略to。e.g.Doyouwanttogoshoppingorwatchafilm?e.g.Idecidedtowriteratherthanphone.,31,3.动