中考主谓一致课件

第11讲主谓一致,谓语因受主语支配，需和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这种语法现象叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三个原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近原则。,语法一致原则,1主语是单数名词或代词时，谓语动词用单数；主语是复,数名词或代词时，谓语动词用复数。如：JanelikesEnglishverymuch.TheylikeEnglishverymuch.,2and或both.and.连接名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词,通常用复数。如：,TomandJohnaregoodfriends.,注意：(1)当and连接的两个名词指同一个人或物时，谓语,动词用单数。如：,Thewriterandsingerwasinvitedtotheparty.,(2)当and连接的名词被each,every或no修饰时，谓语动,词用单数。如：,Eachboyandeachgirlwasgivenanapplejustnow.,3当主语后面跟有with,without,togetherwith,alongwith,except,besides,but,aswellas,like,including等介词短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致(即就远原则)。如：,Theboytogetherwithhisparentsworkshard.,4动词不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。,Walkingisgoodforourhealth.,5由不定代词either,neither,each,one,everyone,someone,anyone,noone,somebody,anybody,everybody,something,anything,nothing,everything等作主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。如：,Everybodyishere.,意义一致原则,1科目名称maths,physics,politics等和news本身不表示,复数意义，作主语时谓语动词用单数。如：,Ithinkphysicsisaninterestingsubject.,2trousers,shoes,glasses,pants等为复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。但当它们前面有pairof,kindof等修饰时，则根据pair和kind的单复数确定谓语动词的单复数形式。如：,Hisshoesarebeautiful.,ThispairoftrousersbelongstoTom.,3表示时间、长度、距离、价格、金钱、重量等的短语作主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词通常用单数。如：,Twomonthsisquitealongtime.,4集体名词如family,class,group,team等作主语表示整体,时用单数，表示集体中的具体成员时用复数。如：Hisfamilyisabigfamily.,HisfamilyareallthefansofYaoMing.,5某些名词如people(people指“民族”时除外),police等，形式上是单数但意义上是复数，作主语时谓语动词要用复数。,Thepolicearerunningafterathief.,6“the形容词”表示一类人和“the姓氏的复数形式”表示夫妇或一家人作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：,TheSmithslikewatchingTV.,7分数、百分比及some,halfof,partof,lotsof,therestof等后接单数名词或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；接复数名词时，谓语动词用复数。如：,70%oftheearthiscoveredwithwater.,60%oftheteachersinourschoolarewomen.,就近原则,1在therebe句型和以here开头的句子中，谓语动词与,靠近它的主语保持一致。如：,Thereisabookandthreedictionariesonthedesk.,HereisJimandhisparents.,2.either.or,neither.nor,notonly.butalso,or,not.but.,Eitheryouorhehastostayathomethisafternoon.,(,)1.(2011年广东)David,there_adictionaryand,A,somebooksonyourdesk.Pleaseputthemaway.OK.Mum.Illdoitrightaway.,Ais,Bare,Chas,Dhave,解析：therebe句型中，谓语动词与靠近它的主语保持一致。,(,)2.(2011年广东河源)Thenumberofteachersinourschool,_greatlyincreasedlastterm.Anumberofteachersinthis,school_fromthecountryside.,B,Awas;isCwere;are,Bwas;areDwere;is,解析：thenumberof表示“的数量”，谓语动词与主语number保持一致，用单数；“anumberof复数可数名词”表示“许多”，谓语动词用复数。,(,)3.(2011年广东茂名)Where_myglasses?Icant,findthem.,B,Ais,Bare,Cwas,解析：glasses为复数名词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。,(,)4.(2011年广东深圳)He,togetherwithhisparents,B,_goingtovisitShanghaiinJuly.Howaboutyou?ImafraidIhavetostayathome_.,Aare;onmyownCis;bymyown,Bis;bymyselfDare;onmyself,解析：介词短语togetherwith后的谓语动词应和它前面的主语he保持一致，故A、D项错误；byoneselfononesown独自。故选B。,(,)5.(2010年广东)Robertwithhistwokids_tothe,B,beachforvacationeveryyear.AgoCwent,BgoesDaregoing,解析：由everyyear可排除C、D选项；当主语后跟有with,alongwith,aswellas等介词短语时，谓语动词仍与前面的主语保持一致。主语Robert是第三人称单数，故谓语动词用单数。,(,)6.(2010年广东梅州)_ofthelandinthatcountry,_coveredwithtreeandgrass.,D,解析：分数的构成原则是：分子用基数，分母用序数，分子大于一时，分母加-s；分数后面的名词是land，为单数，谓语动词也要用单数。故选D。,ATwofive;isBTwofifths;areCTwofive;areDTwofifths;is,(,)7.(2010年广东深圳)Thenumberofthestudentsinour,A,class_fifty-six.Howmanyof_aregirls?,Ais;themCis;they,Bare;themDare;they,解析：thenum