[毕业设计精品]转炉炼钢生产技术

毕业论文论文题目转炉炼钢生产技术系别冶金专业年级07冶金高技炼钢2班学生姓名学号指导教师职称日期2011年9月2目录A1A2A4A034A6A2A7A345A9A1A10A11A5A8A12A13A14A15A16A17A18A19A20A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A24A25A26A9A6A10A13A14A21A22A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A23A26A25A29A27A30A28A31A32A33A34A35A36A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A38A39A40A41A42A43A44A45A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A38A46A47A39A40A48A49A50A44A45A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A47A39A40A39A51A52A44A45A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A47A46A53A39A40A54A55A45A44A45A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A53A46A29A39A40A38A56A57A58A44A59A60A61A62A44A45A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A29A27A63A28A31A32A34A64A65A66A67A68A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A29A54A40A41A31A32A33A34A69A70A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A29A46A71A54A40A48A31A32A33A34A72A73A74A67A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A71A46A41A75A54A40A39A31A32A34A64A76A77A35A36A78A79A74A67A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A41A75A46A41A41A54A40A54A31A32A32A80A35A36A81A82A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A41A41A46A41A48A27A83A28A31A32A34A64A50A84A84A85A58A44A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A37A41A48A38A40A41A86A87121352A84A85A58A44131653A84A85A88A89A901754A91A92A93A941718A27A95A28A33A34A96A9718A27A98A28A31A32A99A100A101A43A59A102A32A96A1031819A27A104A28A105A106A31A32A70A107A108A109A1101920A27A111A28A50A112A113A114A31A32A34A64A64A70A115A116A117A118A1192022A30A120A121A122A31A32A34A64A70A123A93A124A1252324A126A12725A128A129263转炉炼钢生产技术一、引言早在1856年德国人贝赛麦就发明了底吹酸性转炉炼钢法，这种方法是近代炼钢法的开端，它为人类生产了大量廉价钢，促进了欧洲的工业革命。但由于此法不能去除硫和磷，因而其发展受到了限制。1879年出现了托马斯底吹碱性转炉炼钢法，它使用带有碱性炉衬的转炉来处理高磷生铁。虽然转炉法可以大量生产钢，但它对生铁成分有着较严格的要求，而且一般不能多用废钢。随着工业的进一步发展，废钢越来越多。在酸性转炉炼钢法发明不到十年，法国人马丁利用蓄热原理，在1864年创G12447了G5191炉炼钢法，1888年出现了碱性G5191炉。G5191炉炼钢法对原G7021的要求不G18039G1052严格，G4493量大，生产的G2709种多，G6164以不到20年它就成为G1002G11040G990G1039要的炼钢方法，G11464到20G1002G1343850年代，在G1002G11040钢产量G1025，G1343485G8是G5191炉炼出来的。1952年在G3897G3332利出现G13443G8699G20042吹转炉，它G16311G1927了钢G1025G8706和其G1194有G4487G7446G17148的G2559量G19394G20076，使G17148量G6521近G5191炉钢，G2528G7114G1955G4581了随废G8680G708G5415用G7234G17902G12366G8680吹炼G7114，G12366G8680G255979G8G7092用的G8706G709G6451G3845的热量，可以吹炼G9213G5242较G1314的G5191炉生铁，因而G14422G11477了高炉的G9978G9857G13803量，且能使用G7368多的废钢。由于转炉炼钢G17907G5242G5567G708炼一炉钢G1343410G80G76G81，而G5191炉G2029G196687G75G709，G17139能炼钢，G14422G13434能G9316，G6937转炉炼钢成为G5415代炼钢的G1039G8981。A130A131A132A133A134A135A136A137其G4466130年以G2081贝斯麦发明底吹G12366G8680炼钢法G7114，就G6564出了用G8699G8680炼钢的G16786G5831，但受G5415G7114G7477G1226的限制G8821能G4466现。G11464到20G1002G1343850年代G2033G3897G3332利的G57G82G72G86G87G36G79G83G76G81G72G1856G2508G6177G4570G8699G8680炼钢用于工业生产，G1186而G16818生了G8699G8680G20042吹转炉，G1146G12228G47G39转炉。G20042吹转炉G19394G1002G2530，其发展G17907G5242G19762G5132G5567，到1968年出现G8699G8680底吹法G7114，G1852G1002G11040G20042吹法产钢能G2159G5062G178102G176G1171G2556，G2356G13489对G3416G7041G3332G1313。1970年G2530，由于发明了用G11911G8694G2282G2524G10301G1457G6264的G2464G4630G3883G12661G5347底吹G8699G7550而出现了底吹法，G2520种类G3423的底吹法转炉G708G3926G50BM，QBG50P，G47SW等G709在G4466际生产G1025显示出许多优于G20042吹转炉之处，使一G11464居于首G1313的G20042吹法受到挑战和冲击。4G20042吹法的特点G1927定了它具有渣G1025G2559铁高，钢水G2559G8699高，废G8680铁尘G6451G3845大和冶炼超G1314G11911钢困难等缺点，而底吹法G2029在很大程G5242G990能克服这些缺点。但由于底吹法用G11911G8694G2282G2524G10301冷却喷嘴，钢水G2559G8694量偏高，G19668在停吹G2530喷吹惰性G8680体进行清洗。基于以G990两种方法在冶金学G990显现出的明显差别，G6937在20G1002G1343870年代以G2530，国外许多国家着手研究结G2524两种方法优点的G20042底复吹冶炼法。继G3897G3332利人G39RG17EDUARD等于1973年研究转炉G20042底复吹炼钢之G2530，G1002G11040G2520国G7234遍开展了转炉复吹的研究工作，出现了G2520种类G3423的复吹转炉，到20G1002G1343880年代G2033开始正G5347用于生产。由于它比G20042吹和底吹法都G7368优越，加G990转炉复吹现场改造比较G4493易，使之几年G7114间就在G1852G1002G11040范围得到G7234遍应用，有的国家G708G3926日本G709G5062基本G990淘汰了单G13443的G20042吹转炉。传统的转炉炼钢过程是G4570高炉来的铁水经混铁炉混匀G2530兑入转炉，并按一定比例装入废钢，然G2530降下水冷G8699G7550以一定的供G8699、G7550G1313和造渣制G5242吹G8699冶炼。G5415G17810到吹炼终点G7114，G6564G7550倒炉，测G9213和取样G2282验成分，G3926钢水G9213G5242和成分G17810到目标值范围就出钢。否G2029，降下G8699G7550进行再吹。在出钢过程G1025，向钢包G1025加入脱G8699剂和铁G2524金进行脱G8699、G2524金G2282。然G2530，钢水送模铸场或连铸车间铸锭。A130A131A132A133A134A135A138A137随着用户对钢材性能和G17148量的要求越来越高，钢材的应用范围越来越G5203，G2528G7114钢铁生产G1237业G1075对G6564高产G2709产量和G17148量，G6205大G2709种，G14422G13434能G9316和降G1314成本越来越G18337G16282。在这种G5785G1929下，转炉生产工G14414G8981程发生了很大G2476G2282。铁水G20056处理、复吹转炉、炉外G12946炼、连铸G6228G7427的发展，G6183G11784了传统的转炉炼钢模G5347。G5062由单G13443用转炉冶炼发展为铁水G20056处理G252G252复吹转炉吹炼G252G252炉外G12946炼G252G252连铸这一G7044的工G14414G8981程。这一G8981程以G16786G3803大G3423G2282、现代G2282和连G13505G2282为特点。G8699G8680转炉G5062由原来的G1039G4560G3332G1313G2476为G7044G8981程的一G1022G10627G14422，G1039要G6227G6297钢水脱G11911和G2331G9213的G1231G2165了。G1120、G1039体G726转炉炼钢的G1039要生产G2159G708一G709、G20042吹G8699G8680转炉炼钢工G14414特点G726G4448G1852G1393G19764铁水G8699G2282带来的G2282学热G2462G10301理热G30生产G10587高G708冶炼G7114间在20分G19059以G1881G709G727G17148量G3921G708G13G8680体G2559量G4581G726G708因为G38G50的G2465应G6617G6304，G4570G49、G43除去G709可以生产超G13443G1940钢G15有G4487成G1233G708S、P、G49、G43、G50G709G45580G83G83G80G727冶炼成本G1314，G13796G9791材G7021用量比G5191炉G2462G11017炉用量G1314G7275原材G7021G17878应性G5390，高P、G1314P都可以。G708G1120G709、转炉G16786G3803G726转炉炉体G2462转炉G1554G2172G13007统铁水、废钢、G6967G10378材G7021G16786G3803G8699G7550G6564G2331G7438G7512转炉炉体G2462转炉G1554G2172G13007统G708G989G709、转炉冶炼工G14414G726转炉冶炼G1128大制G5242G726装G7021制G5242、供G8699制G5242、造渣制G5242、G9213G5242制G5242、终点G6523制G2462G2524金G2282制G5242。3G171、装G7021制G5242G11842定G2524理的装入量，G19668G13783G15397的两G1022G2454G6980G726炉G4493比G726G11G57G18G55G15G803G18G87G12G150G1781G1705G1130300G87转炉G12G727G10088G8756G9157G5242G726G19668大于G8699G8680G4568G8981的冲击G9157G52428002000G80G80G1130300G87转炉G12装G7021制G5242G726定量装入、定G9157装入G727分G19466G8585定量装入。分G19466G8585定量装入G7261G71350炉，51G713200炉，200炉以G990，G7550G1313G8611G3837要G7669正。G1144G6521G10689G11487G7550G1313。63G172、供G8699制G5242基本G6817作G2454G6980供G8699G5390G5242G49G803G18G87G17G80G76G81G8699G8680G8981量G49G803G18G75G6817作G8699G2399MG83AG8699G7550G7550G1313G80供G8699G5390G5242G11G49G803G18G87G17G80G76G81G12G1927定冶炼G7114间，但G3838大，喷G9305可能性G3698大，一般3G1704G170。G8699G8680G8981量大G4579G11G49G803G18G75G12G726装入量，G38、MG81、SG76的G2559量，由G10301G7021G5191G15925G16757G12651得到，5065G49G803G18G75。G8699G2399G11MG83AG12喷G3848的G2909G2487G2462马G17215G6980一定，P大，G8981量大G15有一范围0G178G7131G172MG83A。G8699G7550G7550G1313，由冲击G9157G5242G1927定，1G1831G182G2556钢G13803G8699量G16757G12651G726G705G38SG76MG81PS铁水成分G720G17G7190G716G17G724G716G716G17G718G716G716G17G717G719G716G17G716G720成G2709成分G716G17G718G716G716G17G718G723G716G17G721G716G716G17G716G718转炉G1856G12228G4493量为100G2556G7114，炉渣量为G726100G10410G705G72910G2556铁G6451G13803G8699量10G10415G705G10416G18G1116G71156G12G7290G1733G2556G759G38G761G279G62G38G50G64G13803G8699量100G104G114G1730G80G1720G8G12G10490G8G10416G1812G324G1792G2556G759G38G761G279G62G38G502G64G13803G8699量100G104G114G1730G80G1720G8G12G10410G8G10432G1812G321G1709G2556G759SG76G761G279G62SG76G502G64G13803G8699量100G1040G178G8G10432G1828G320G17914G2556G759MG81G761G279G62MG81G50G64G13803G8699量100G1040G172G8G10416G1855G320G17058G2556G759PG761G279G62P2G505G64G13803G8699量100G1040G1713G8G104G1116G1045G12G18G1131G1042G12G320G17168G2556G62SG641G183G15999G8680G2282为SG502G152G183G994G38AG50G2465应生成G38AS进入渣G1025G15G2029G759SG761不G13803G8699。G5647G13803G8699量G7290G1733G144G1792G141G1709G140G17914G140G17058G140G17168G327G1748G2556G181G17429G7295236G49G803G4466际G13803G8699量G7295236G180G179G1899G175G8G325847G49G803G4466际G2556钢G13803G8699量G7295847G18100G3258G1737G49G803G18G87两种G6817作方G5347G726G17731吹G726G1314G2399、高G7550G1313，吹入的G8699在渣G4630G1025，渣G1025G41G72G50G2331高、有利于脱磷G727G11840吹G726高G2399G1314G7550G1313G11G994G17731吹G11468G2465G12，脱P不G3921，但脱G38G3921，穿透能G2159G5390，脱G38G2465应激烈。G8699G7550G6817作方G5347G8699G7550G6817作就是调G14422G8699G2399和G7550G1313。G8699G7550的G6817作方G5347G726G15925G7550G2476G2399G726G2399G2159G6523制不稳定，阀门G6523制不G3921G727恒G2399G2476G7550G726G2399G2159不G2476，G7550G1313G2476G2282，目G2081G1039要G6817作方G53473G173、造渣制G5242炼钢就是炼渣。7造渣的目的G726G17902过造渣，脱P、G1955G4581喷G9305、G1457G6264炉衬。造渣制G5242G726G11842定G2524G17878的造渣方G5347、渣G7021的加入G6980量和G7114间、成渣G17907G5242。渣的特点G726一定碱G5242、良G3921的G8981G2172性、G2524G17878的G41G72G50G2462MGG50、正G5132泡沫G2282的G10088渣造渣方G5347G726单渣法G726铁水SG76、PG1314，或冶炼要求G1314。G2464渣法G726铁水SG76、P高，或冶炼要求高。留渣法G726利用终渣的热G2462G41G72G50，为下炉准G3803。成渣G17907G5242转炉冶炼G7114间短，G5567G17907成渣是G19762G5132G18337要的，石灰的溶G16311是G1927定冶炼G17907G5242的G18337要因素。石灰的G10088G16311G726开始吹G8699G7114渣G1025G1039要是SG76G50，MG81G50，G41G72G50G15是酸性渣，加石灰G2530，石灰溶G16311G17907G5242，可用下G5347表JG729KG708G38AG50G141G1735MGG501G1709SG76G502G142G1775G41G72G50G141G179MG81G5039G171G709形成2G38AG50G13SG76G502，难G10088渣。G41G72G50G15MG81G50G15MGG50可加G17907石灰G10088G2282。因为可降G1314炉渣粘G5242，G11784坏2G38AG50G13SG76G502的存在。采用G17731烧活性石灰、加矿石、萤石G2462吹G8699加G17907成渣。成渣途径钙G17148成渣G1314G7550G1313G6817作，渣G1025G41G72G50G2559量下降很G5567，G11911G6521近终点G7114，渣G1025铁G6177回G2331。G17878用于G1314磷铁水、对炉衬寿命有G3921处。铁G17148成渣过程高G7550G1313G6817作，渣G1025G41G72G50G2559量G1457持较高水G5191，G11911G6521近终点G7114，渣G1025铁G6177下降。G17878用于高磷铁水、对炉衬侵蚀严G18337G727G41G72G50高，炉渣泡沫G2282严G18337，易产生喷G9305。吹炼过程G10088G8756渣的G2476G22823G174、G9213G5242制G5242G9213G5242G6523制就是G11842定冷却剂加入的G6980量和G7114间影响终点G9213G5242的因素G726铁水成分G62G8SG76G64G320G171G15G2331高炉G9213G1343415铁水G9213G5242G726铁水G9213G5242G6564高10，钢水G9213G5242G13434G6564高6G70830G87G709铁水装入量G726G8611G3698加1G2556铁水，终点钢水G9213G5242G13434G6564高8G70830G87G709废钢加入量G726G8611G3698加1G2556废钢，终点钢水G9213G5242G13434下降45G70830G87G7098此外，炉龄、终点G11911、吹炼G7114间、喷G9305等有影响G9213G5242G6523制措施G726G10088G8756G2331G9213G726降G7550脱G38、G8699G2282G10088G8756金属铁。金属收到G10587降G1314G727G10088G8756降G9213G726加冷却剂G11矿石、球团矿、G8699G2282铁皮、废钢G12G727废钢冶炼G7114一般不加。3G175、终点G6523制G2462G2524金G2282制G5242G726终点G6523制指终点G9213G5242和成分的G6523制终点标志G726钢G1025G11911G2559量G17810到G6164炼钢种的G6523制范围钢G1025PG17810到要求出钢G9213G5242G17810到要求终点G6523制方法G726终点G11911G6523制的方法G726一次拉G11911法、G3698G11911法、高拉补吹法。一次拉G11911法G726按出钢要求的终点G11911和G9213G5242进行吹炼，G5415G17810到要求G7114G6564G7550。G6817作要求较高。优点G726终点渣G41G72G50G1314，钢G1025有G4487G8680体G4581，不加G3698G11911剂，钢水洁G1940。G8699G13803较G4579，G14422G13434G3698G11911剂。G3698G11911法G726G6164有钢种均G4570G11911吹到0G1705G8左右，按钢种加G3698G11911剂。优点G726G6817作简单，生产G10587高，易G4466现自G2172G6523制，废钢比高。高拉补吹法G726G5415冶炼G1025，高G11911钢种G7114，终点按钢种规格略高一些进行拉G11911，待测G9213、取样G2530按分析结果G994规格的差值G1927定补吹G7114间。终点G9213G5242G11842定G726G6164炼钢种G10088点G726G55G7291538G713G55G104JG55钢G1025某元素G2559量G3698加1G705G7114使铁的G10088点降G1314值，J钢G1025某元素G705G2559量。G13783G15397到钢包运行、镇静吹氩、连铸等要求（四）、转炉炼钢流程介绍转炉炼钢是把G8699G8680鼓入G10088融的生铁里，使G7446G17148硅、锰等G8699G2282。在G8699G2282的过程G1025放出大量的热量G708G25591G8的硅可使生铁的G9213G5242G2331高200摄氏G5242G709，可使炉G1881G17810到足够高的G9213G5242。因此转炉炼钢不G19668要另外使用燃G7021。炼钢的基本G1231G2165是脱G11911、脱磷、脱硫、脱G8699，去除有G4487G8680体和G19762金属夹G7446G10301，G6564高G9213G5242和调整成分。归纳为G726“四脱”G708G11911、G8699、磷和硫G709，“G1120去”G708去G8680和去夹G7446G709，“G1120调整”G708成分和G9213G5242G709。采用的G1039要G6228G7427手G8585为G726供G8699，造渣，G2331G9213，加脱G8699剂和G2524金G2282G6817作。本专G20076G4570详细介绍转炉炼钢生产的工G14414G8981程，G1039要工G14414G16786G3803的工作原理以G2462G6523制要求等信息。由于G7114间的仓促和编辑水G5191有限，专G20076G1025难免出现遗漏或错误的G3332方，欢迎大家补充指正。4G171、转炉冶炼目的9G4570生铁里的G11911G2462其它G7446G17148G708G3926G726硅、锰G709等G8699G2282，产出比铁的G10301理、G2282学性能G994G2159学性能G7368G3921的钢。钢G994生铁的区别G726首先是G11911的G2559量，理论G990一般把G11911G2559量G4579于2G1711G8G12228之钢，它的G10088点在14501500，而生铁的G10088点在11001200。在钢G1025G11911元素和铁元素形成G41G723G38固G10088体，随着G11911G2559量的G3698加，其G5390G5242、G11840G5242G3698加，而塑性和冲击韧性降G1314。钢具有很G3921的G10301理、G2282学性能G994G2159学性能，可进行拉、G2399、轧、冲、拔等G9157加工，其用途十分G5203泛。G8699G8680G20042吹转炉炼钢G16786G3803工G14414G726G3926图4G6164示。按照配G7021要求，先把废钢等装入炉G1881，然G2530倒入铁水，并加入G17878量的造渣材G7021G708G3926生石灰等G709。加G7021G2530，把G8699G8680喷G7550G1186炉G20042G6566入炉G1881，吹入G8699G8680G708G13443G5242大于99G705的高G2399G8699G8680G8981G709，使它G11464G6521G17331高G9213的铁水发生G8699G2282G2465应，除去G7446G17148。用G13443G8699代G7379G12366G8680可以克服由于G12366G8680里的G8706G8680的影响而使钢G17148G2476G14042，以G2462G8706G8680G6502出G7114带G17220热量的缺点。在除去大G18108分硫、磷G2530，G5415钢水的成分和G9213G5242都G17810到要求G7114，G2375停G8502吹炼，G6564G2331喷G7550，准G3803出钢。出钢G7114使炉体G1554G7024，钢水G1186出钢G2487G8892入钢水包里，G2528G7114加入脱G8699剂进行脱G8699和调G14422成分。钢水G2524格G2530，可以G8987成钢的铸G1226或钢锭，钢锭可以再轧制成G2520种钢材。G8699G8680G20042吹转炉在炼钢过程G1025G1262产生大量G7849G14406G9907G8680，它的G1039要成分是G8699G2282铁尘G12902和高G8999G5242的一G8699G2282G11911G8680体等。因此，G5529G20047加以G1940G2282回收，G13520G2524利用，以G19462G8502G8757G7591G10627G3671。G1186回收G16786G3803得到的G8699G2282铁尘G12902可以用来炼钢G727一G8699G2282G11911可以作G2282工原G7021或燃G7021G727G9907G8680带出的热量可以G2115产水G14988G8680。此外，炼钢G7114，生成的炉渣G1075可以用来G1582钢渣水G8889，G2559磷量较高的炉渣，可加工成磷G13945，等等。G8699G8680G20042吹转炉炼钢法具有冶炼G17907G5242G5567、炼出的钢种较多、G17148量较G3921，以G2462G5326G2390G17907G5242G5567、G6249G17176G4581等许多优点。但在冶炼过程G1025都是G8699G2282性G8680G8687，去硫G6940G10587差，G7126G17161的G2524金元素G1075易G15999G8699G2282而G6451G13803，因而G6164炼钢种和G17148量就受到一定的限制。4G172、转炉冶炼原理简介G726转炉炼钢是在转炉里进行。转炉的外形就G1699G1022G7804，G1881G3733有G13796G9791G11754，炉G1403有许10多G4579G4392G708G20130G2487G709，G2399G13565G12366G8680G1186这些G4579G4392里吹炉G1881，G2460G2495G1582G1403吹转炉。开始G7114，转炉处于水G5191，向G1881G8892入1300摄氏G5242的G9094G5589生铁，并加入一定量的生石灰，然G2530鼓入G12366G8680并转G2172转炉使它G11464G12447G17227来。这G7114G9094G5589生铁表G19766G2107烈的G2465应，使铁、硅、锰G8699G2282G11G41G72G50G15SG76G502G15MG81G50G15G12生成炉渣，利用G10088G2282的钢铁和炉渣的对G8981作用，使G2465应遍G2462整G1022炉G1881。几分G19059G2530，G5415钢G9094G1025G2494G2109下G4581量的硅G994锰G7114，G11911开始G8699G2282，生成一G8699G2282G11911G708放热G709使钢G9094G2107烈G8844G14162。炉G2487由于G9334出的一G8699G2282G9857的燃烧而出现G5052大的G9791G9988。G7380G2530，磷G1075发生G8699G2282并进一步生成磷酸G1134铁。磷酸G1134铁再G17331生石灰G2465应生成稳定的磷酸钙和硫G2282钙，一G17227成为炉渣。G5415磷G994硫G17892G9188G1955G4581，G9791G9988G17876G14865，炉G2487出现四G8699G2282G989铁的G16100G14406G14988G8785G7114，表明钢G5062炼成。这G7114应G12447G2375停G8502鼓G20130，并把转炉转到水G5191G1313G13634，把钢水G1554G14279钢水包里，再加脱G8699剂进行脱G8699。整G1022过程G2494G1966815分G19059左右。G3926果G8699G8680是G1186炉底吹入，G18039就是底吹转炉G727G8699G8680G1186G20042G18108吹入，就是G20042吹转炉。转炉冶炼工艺流程简介转炉一炉钢的基本冶炼过程。G20042吹转炉冶炼一炉钢的G6817作过程G1039要由以下G1857步G13464成G726G7081G709G990炉出钢、倒渣，G7828G7609炉衬和G1554G2172G16786G3803等并进行G5529要的G1474补和G1474理G727G7082G709G1554炉，加废钢、兑铁水，G6683正炉体G708G14279G3414G11464G1313G13634G709G727G7083G709降G7550开吹，G2528G7114加入G12544一G6221渣G7021G708G17227G2033炉G1881G3134G3780较大，G1186炉G2487G1894出G17208G14406G9907G19666，随G2530喷出G7275G13430的G9791G9988G7273G7945G80G76G81G2530硅锰G8699G6521近结G7475，G11911G8699G2465应G17892G9188激烈，炉G2487的G9791G9988G2476大，G1154G5242随之G6564高G727G2528G7114渣G7021G10088G2282，G3134G3780G1955G5381G709G727G7084G7093G7945G80G76G81G2530加入G12544G1120G6221渣G7021继G13505吹炼G708随吹炼进行钢G1025G11911G17892G9188降G1314，G1343412G80G76G81G2530G9791G9988G5506G5381，停吹G709G727G7085G709倒炉，测G9213、取样，并G11842定补吹G7114间或出钢G727G7086G709出钢，G2528G7114G708G4570G16757G12651G3921的G2524金加入钢包G1025G709进行脱G8699G2524金G2282。4G173、转炉炼钢G1039要工G14414G16786G3803简介G726转炉G708G70G82G81G89G72RG87G72RG709炉体可转G2172，用于吹炼钢或吹炼G19169的冶金炉。转炉炉体用钢G7507制成，G2588G3290G12582形，G1881衬G13796G9791材G7021，吹炼G7114G19764G2282学G2465应热加热，不G19668外加热G9316，是G7380G18337要的炼钢G16786G3803，G1075可用于G19120、G19233冶炼。11G36G50G39G12946炼炉G36G50G39G2375氩G8699脱G11911G12946炼炉，是一G20045用于不G19164钢冶炼的专有工G14414。G36G50G39炉G3423G7693G6466G4493量有3G87、6G87、8G87、10G87、18G87、25G87、30G87等。装G3803水G5191G1075由G2334自G2172G6523制发展到G7246能G16757G12651G7438G6523制来冶炼不G19164钢。G57G50G39G12946炼炉G57G50G39G12946炼炉G708G89AG70UUG80G82G91G92GG72G81DG72G70ARG69URG76G93AG87G76G82G81G12G15是在G11507G12366G10378G5589下进行吹G8699脱G11911的炉外G12946炼炉，它以G12946炼G19136G19233不G19164钢、超G1314G11911钢、超G13443铁素体不G19164钢G2462G13443铁为G1039。G4570G2033炼钢G9094装入G12946炼包G1025放入G4506G4565的G11507G12366G13604G1025进行吹G8699脱G11911、脱硫、脱G8680、G9213G5242调整、G2282学元素调整。G47G41G12946炼炉G47G41G708G79ADG79G72G73URG81AG70G72G12炉是具有加热和G6617G6304G2163能的钢包G12946炼炉。加热一般G17902过G11017G7509加热，G6617G6304是G17902过底G18108透G8680G11754进行的。转炉G1554炉G13007统G1554炉G13007统G2476G20069调G17907G11G2476G20069G3132G14G11017G7438G14G1955G17907G7438G14大G21843G17730G12G1554炉G7438G7512G726G1554炉G7438G7512由G17724G17959、G1554炉G8845G13580、G6683G7562G5191台、水G5191支撑G7438G7512和支座等G13464成。4G174、转炉炉体工G14414G2454G6980转炉炉体A139A140A141A140A141A142A143A144A145A146A147A148A142A149A150A151A152A153A154A155A156A157A156A158A158A159A160A161A160A162A163A164A165A166A154A167A168A162A156A158A158A159A160A161A160A169A163A164A170A171A154A172A159A169A155A156A158A158A159A160A161A160A159A165A173A174A175A176A177A178A179A161A160A157A167A159A160A161A160A157A163A164A180A171A154A172A159A162A181A156A158A158A159A160A161A160A167A182A183A184A185A154A157A156A186A159A160A161A160A155A187A188A184A189A154A190A191A192A193A158A194A159A160A161A160A168A195A196A197A171A175A172A190A198A199A200A158A158A159A160A161A160A181A163A201A180A171A154A172A161A159A156A156A158A158A159A160A161A160A161A156A202A203A201A197A171A154A161A159A156A158A158A159A160A161A160A161A161A202A203A201A204A205A206A207A208A209A210A175A162A156A211A159A160A161A160A161A162A163A212A180A171A154A172A169A161A167A156A158A158A159A160A161A160A161A169A163A184A174A175A156A160A155A181A158A194A177A186A160A213A159A160A161A160A161A159A195A196A214A166A154A198A198A190A190A158A158A159A160A161A160A161A157A163A215A216A166A154A195A196A154A157A156A156A158A158A163A217A154A157A156A156A158A158A163A218A154A159A167A157A158A158A163A219A154A157A157A156A158A158A159A160A161A160A161A167A163A164A220A221A154A155A155A160A167A18612A159A160A161A160A161A155A163A215A221A185A154A198A222A200A186A159A160A161A160A161A168A163A201A223A224A154A208A225A163A201A159A160A161A160A161A181A163A219A223A224A154A208A225A163A219A159A160A161A160A162A156A226A227A228A223A224A154A229A230A203A228A231A232A233A159A160A161A160A162A161A234A235A223A224A154A236A233A223A224A237A208A225A238A239A153A204A240A241A242A243A233A154A244A245A246A247A248A249A250A251A252A253A233A237A254A255A181A0A1A2A3A153A187A4A5A6A204A240A252A7A154A161A156A156A186A34A158A187A4A8A9A204A240A252A7A154A169A156A156A186A34A158A204A240A205A166A154A194A169A167A156A211A204A240A3A166A154A156A160A162A195A161A10A177A158A11A12G708G1128G709、转炉炼钢G8699G7550G7550G1313G6523制在整G1022炼钢过程G1025，G8699G7550G7550G1313是一G1022G19762G5132G18337要的G2454G6980，它G11464G6521关G13007到炼钢过程G1025的脱G11911、造渣、G2331G9213以G2462喷G9305的发生，因此，G5529G2004