人教版八年级英语上Unit 2详解.doc

Unit TwoSection A 1. give sb. advice 给某人提出建议 take ones advice 接受某人的建议 ask for ones advice 征求某人的建议 a piece of advice2. Whats the matter? Whats wrong? Whats your trouble? Whats up? Whats wrong with you? Whats the trouble with you? 用此类句型时,matter前需定冠词the, wrong前不加任何修饰词, trouble前可加the, 也可加形物代. Theres a matter I would like to discuss with you. 有件事情我想和你讨论一下. It doesnt matter if you are late. 你来晚了也不要紧.3. have a cold catch a cold How long have you had a cold? I have had a cold for five days.4. (1) 主语+ have/has+ a + 病症 Tom has a cold. (2) 主语+ have/has + a + sore +发病部位 I had a sore throat last week. (3) 主语+ have/has + a +部位-ache She has a toothache. (4) 部位+ hurt(s) My head hurts badly. (5) There is something wrong with + ones +部位 I cant see anything. I think there must be something wrong with my eyes.Have a toothache, have a headache, have a stomachache, have an earache, have a backacheHave a cold, have a fever, get/have/run a temperature, take ones temperature, have a coughI have a pain in my throat. I have a throat pain. My throat is painful.I have a sore throat. My throat is sore. My throat hurts.There is something wrong with my throat. Something is wrong with my throat.ache常指连续的，局部的疼痛，常和表示身体部位的词连用，一起构成复合词。headache, toothache, stomachachesore常指因为发炎而引起的肌肉疼，在表示某部位疼痛时，常位于身体部位的名词前。have a sore back, have a sore throat5. lie lay lainlying 躺，平卧，位于 lie lied lied lying 撒谎 lie to sb, tell a lie, tell lies lay laid laid laying 放置 一、作不及物动词 1. 意为“(人或者动物)躺，平卧”，常与表示场所的短语连用。例如： The boy lay in the sofa. 那男孩躺在了沙发里。 He lies in bed all day. 他整日躺在床上。 2. 意为“位于(某方向)；(景色等)展现”，常与表示方位的短语连用。例如： Mexico lies to the south of Texas. 墨西哥位于德克萨斯州的南边。 The valley lay before us. 山谷展现在我们面前3. 意为“呈状态；置于”，常与形容词连用。例如： The book lay open on the desk. 那本书摊开着摆在桌上。 The snow lay thick in front of the door. 雪在门前堆积得很厚。 4. 意为“(事情)在于；(错误、责任等)发现于”。例如： His success lies in hard work. 他的成功在于勤奋的工作。 The trouble lies in the engine. 故障出在引擎上。 5. 意为“说谎”。例如： He lied about his career. 关于他的经历他说了谎。 Don”t lie to me!不要和我撒谎！ The camera never lies. 照相机决不骗人。(将事物原原本本地拍下来) 与lie相关的动词词形的变化 与lie相关的动词词形的变化 lie lay lain躺lay laid laid放下；产蛋lie lied lied撒谎，这几个词在拼写上很容易混淆，有人编了这样的口诀：规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”，“躺”过就“下蛋”，“下蛋”不规则。“规则”指规则变化，“不规则”即不规则变化，如lie作“撒谎”解时，是规则变化，即其过去式和过去分词直接加d；“躺过”的“过”指的是过去式，即lie的过去式lay是“下蛋”的原形；“下蛋”是不规则变化。二、作名词 作名词讲，意为“谎言；假话”，其复数形式为lies；反义词为truth。例如： Lies can”t cover up facts. 谎言掩盖不了事实。相关搭配： tell a lie撒谎 a white / black lie善意的 / 恶意的谎言 三、与lie有关的短语 1. lie down 躺下。例如： He lay down on the bench and soon fell asleep. 他躺在长凳上很快就睡着了。 2. lie back 休息；放松。例如： You don”t have to do anythingjust lie back and enjoy the journey. 你什么也不用做-只管轻松愉快地享受旅游的乐趣。 3. lie in 睡懒觉。例如： It”s a holiday tomorrow, so you can lie in. 明天放假，你可以睡懒觉了。 4. lie at one”s door (责任)归于某人。例如： I accept that the responsibility for this lies squarely at my door. 我接受，这件事情的责任完全由我承担。 5. 其他： lie on / upon 依靠；依赖 lie idle 搁置不用6. have a rest take a rest have a break take a break The rest of the students are boys. 其余的学生是男生。7. a coat with four pockets a book with a blue cover do the work with more care I like to talk freely with my friends. Cut it with a knife. Are you pleased with the result?8. should表示建议，要求常见的表达建议的方法：Lets go to the movies. How/What about drinking some hot water? Why not come a little earlier? Would you like to play with soccer with me? Shall we go swimming this weekend? Youd better do your homework first.9. The ice started to melt. 主语是物, 而不是人时 He is just starting to write the letter. 本身为形式时 She started to understand it. 其后的动词与想法感情有关时10. I met him two days ago. before five oclock before class 上课前 before me 在我前面 11. I dont think so. I am afraid so. If so, I will go instead of him. It was his duty to do so. I believe so. I believe not.12. Hope想,希望;宾语可以是to do sth,不能是doing sth. hope for + 名词,可实现的愿望hope + that从句,希望,陈述语气Wishwish for + 名词,难以实现的愿望wish + that从句,愿望,虚拟语气可以说: wish sb. sth. wish sb. to do sth 不能说: hope sb. sth. hope sb. to do sthI hope you will be better soon. I wish I were ten years younger. We wish you a happy new year.13. a serious illness illness of children Some children are away from school because of illness.Section B13. go to bed go to sleep be asleep fall asleep Please come to school early tomorrow. He gets up early to catch the early bus.14. problem指有疑问或有难度的问题，如数学，物力，化学等问题或令人困惑的事，需要人们经过一番努力后才能解决，常与动词solve/ settle连用question指有疑问,需要回答的一般性问题,常与动词ask/answer 连用 We are studying the math problem. He didnt answer my question. 若指需要沟通,讨论才能解决的问题时Problem 和 question 可以互换We are going to talk about some problems/questions.I cant work out the math problem. Who can answer this question? 3a415. be healthy = be in good health keep/stay healthy = keep in good health be unhealthy = be in poor/bad health health - illness healthy - unhealthy a healthy lifestyle16. I believe what he said. I believe him to be an honest man. I dont believe he knows that place. I believe you. = I believe what you said. 相信某人(所说的话是真的) I believe him, but I dont believe in him. 我相信他的话是真的,但我不信任他.17. 是传统的中医术语,因为中医理论在世界各地被广泛应用, 中医正在被越来越多的人接受,所以某些术语以汉语拼音的形式被借用到英语中, 类似的还有: ping-pong tofu18. too much much too too many19. She is not only intelligent but also practical.20. be angry with sb about sth21. Its dangerous for children to play with fire.22. get tired 变得疲劳, 强调动作和过程 be tired 感觉疲劳,表示状态常见的系动词歌诀: 一是(be), 一感(feel), 一保持(keep), 起来四个(look, smell, taste, sound), 好像(seem)变了仨(get, turn, become).Self Check23. enjoy oneself = have a good time= have fun24. at the moment = now = at this moment常用于现在时或现在进行时， 此刻；现在 At the moment = just then = at that moment 用于过去时态，那时25. I waited until three, but he didnt come. The noise of the street didnt stop until midnight. I will wait until he comes. I wont go to bed until I finish my homework.26. I am sorry to hear that. 是得知他人遇到不幸或有不愉快的事情时，表示自己对此内疚或感叹的常用语，以示礼貌。He is sorry for going to school late. He was sorry about what he said.I am sorry that I havent told you the truth yet.Grammar1.医生询问病情的常用句式：Whats wrong with you? What the matter with you? Whats your trouble?病人诉说病情的常用句式：I dont feel very well. I am not feeling well. I dont feel like eating anything. I have a headache/ a sore throat/ a fever/ a cold. 询问某人遇到了什么麻烦：Whats wrong with you? Whats the matter with you? Whats your trouble? I lost some money.2. should常用来表示劝告，建议，认为某人“应该，应当”做某事，或“有义务和责任”做某事。You should drink lots of water. You should