被动语态的几种特殊用法.doc

被动语态的几种特殊用法 (1)主动形式表示被动意义1)常见的这类动词有：“act，add up，clean，compare，count，cook，draw，fill，iron，keep，let，look，make up，milk，kill，open，photograph，prove，read，sell，smoke，spoil”等。The window wont open(这扇窗户打不开。) The cow milks well(这头牛出奶率很高。)Damp wood will not fire(湿木不易燃烧。)She doesnt photograph well(她不上相。)His judgment proved wrong(他的判断是错的。) The banana peels easily(香蕉皮剥起来很容易。) Flies kill easily in autumn(秋天苍蝇容易死亡。) It turned out fine that day(结果那天天气很好。)How did his coat catch on a nail? (他的衣服怎么钩到钉子上了?) 2)实用动词“needwantdeserverequire +V-ing(动名词)”形式表示被动意义。My hair needs cutting。The bike wants repairingIt doesnt deserve mentioningHamlet is required reading for the course(哈姆雷特为本课程指定读物。) 3)一些固定句型如：be worth doing sth have/get sth(sb.)done，以及to be under(in)+抽象名词等表示被动意义：Beijing is a big city in China and worth visiting(北京是中国的一个大城市，值得浏览。)Mr.Wilson had his wallet stolen the day before yesterday(威尔逊先生前天丢了一个钱包)。The bike is under(in)repair(自行车正在修理中。)This tape recorder is in use(这种录音机正在使用中。) 4)一些不定式的主动态表示被动意义： There be句型：There are a lot of things to doThere is nothing to worry about不定式修饰want, have等动词的宾语，而句中的主语同时又不是不定式的逻辑主语时：I want some clothes to wash Do you have anything to say for yourself?不定式修饰buy，get，give等动词的直接宾语，而句中的间接宾语又是不定式的逻辑主语时：His sister gave him a bike to rideMy father get me a book to read 5)少数动词的进行时，有时表示被动意义：Her works are printingThe drum is beatingMy new house is building (2)“It is+V-ed+that-?结构表示被动 常用的这类结构有：“it is said that”(据说)；It is supposed that(据推测)；It is well known that(众所周知)；It is believed that(据信)；It is reported that(据报导)；It is hoped that(人们希望)；It is generally considered that(有人认为)；1twill be seen that(由此可以看出)；It must be admitted that(必须承认)；It must be pointed out that(必须指出)”等。 It is believedthought that this medicine works wellIt is required(of)him that he give the evidence(要求我提供证据)It is feared that he could not come hereIt is estimated that a flight to Shanghai would take more than one hour It is often realized that women held a high social position in the Southern European societies in the 10th and llth centuries (3) “get + p.p.(动词的过去分词)表示被动： 这种结构往往用来强调动作的结果，也可用来表示突然发生的事态，或最终出现的某种事实，是一种非正式语体。Did the question get answered?A Boeing 747 got crashed last week The house is getting paintedrepaired The building got damaged in the floodThousands of soldiers got killed in the warAs I passed by, my coat got caught on a nail注在下列句子中，不能使用“get + p.p. (动词的过去分词)”结构。 误：He got born in 1976正：He was born in 1976误：The stow got written by him正：The story Was written by him误：The conference got being held in London正：The conference is being held in London (4) 注意以下被动语态的几种情况 1)短语动词变为被动语态后，其后的介词或副词应紧随其后。Frank was brought up by his auntThe babies are well looked afterThe meeting Was put offThe salesman was put out by Mr.Wilsons question(威尔逊先生的问题把那位售货员惹火了。) 2)“Verb+宾语+宾补”变为被动语态后，宾语转化为主语，宾补转化为主补。The wall Was painted white(We painted the wal1 white)He is regarded as smart (We regarded him as smart) The house was found empty(We found the house empty)He Was heard to play the guitar in the next door(I heard him play the guitar in the next door选择题1._ a new library _in our school last year?A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build2.An accident _ on this road last week.A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened3.Cotton _in the southeast of China.A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow4.So far,the moon _by man already.A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visited5.A talk on Chinese history _in th school hall next week.A.is given B.has been given C.will be given D.gives6.How many trees _this year?A.are planted B.will plant C.have been planted D.planted7.A lot of things _by people to save the little girl now.A.are doing B.are being done C.has been done D.will be done8.Neither of them _in China.A.is made B.are made C.were made D.made9.Look! A nice picture _for our teacher.A.is drawing B.is being drawn C.has been drawn D.draws10.Your shoes _. You need a new pair.A.wear out B.worn out C.are worn out D.is worn11.The doctor _ for yet.A.isnt sent B.hasnt been sent C.wont be sent D.wasnt sent12.-When _this kind of computers_? -Last year.A.did; use B.was; used C.is; used D.are; used13.The Great Wall _all over the world.A.knows B.knew C.is known D.was known14.I _in summer.A.born B.was born C.have been born D.am born15.He says that Mr Zhang _to the factory next week.A.is sent B.would send C.was sent D.will be sent16.Who _this book _?A.did; written B.was; written by C.did; written D.was;written17.Mary _show me her new dictionary.A.has asked to B.was asked to C.is asked D.asks to18.A story _by Granny yesterday.A.was told us B.was told to us C.is told us D.told us19.The monkey was seen _off the tree.A.jump B.jumps C.jumped D.to jump20.The school bag _behind the chair.A.puts B.can be put C.can be putted D.can put21.Older people _well.A.looks after B.must be looked after C.must look after D.looked after22.Our teacher _carefully.A.should be listened to B.should be listen C.be listened D.is listened.把句子改写成被动语态1.They make machines in that factory.2.Every body likes this song.3.He doesnt show the stamps to me. 4.People dont grow rice in the west of Japan.5.He often helps Tom when Tom is in trouble.6.Do the workers build many buildings? 7.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? 8.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu?9.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do?10.How many desks do they buy every term?11.They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week.12.Granny told us a story last night. 13.He didnt give the dictionary to me yesterday.14.He didnt buy anything there before he left.15.Did he clean the blackboard just now?16.When did she cook supper yesterday? 17.Where did she make them? 18.Whose ruler did you( )45 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith.A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended( )46 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt( )47 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown ( )48 The old stone bridge _ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild( )49 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( )50 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( )51 Tea _ in the south of China. A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( )55 The bridges_ two years ago. WO Its a Haidian top problemA. is built B. built C. were built D. was built ( ) 56 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung( ) 57The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( )58 The teapot _ water. A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled ( )59 Old people must be looked fter well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to ( )60Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well afterC. looked well after D. be looked after well( ) 61 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care ofC. take good care of D. take good care( ) 62 They were_ at the sudden noise. A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 63 These walls_stone.A. are made of B. made of C. are made into D. made into( ) 64 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( ) 65 The papers _ to them. A. were shown B. show C. shown D. have shown( )66The coat_her sister. A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to( )67 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 68 Good care_such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken ofOur desks and chairs _ (make) of wood. The paper of books and newspapers _ also _ (make) from wood. Even some kinds of cloth _ (make) from it. Many people _ (burn) wood to keep themselves warm in winter. Indeed, wood _ (be) important in our everyday life.Where _ wood _ (come) from? It _ (take) from trees which _(grow) in the mountains. _ you _ (know) how it _ (get) to us from the mountains?First of all, trees _(cut) down when they _(grow) big enough. Then their branches _ (cut) off, and logs _(make).These heavy logs _(put) together in different ways and _ (take) down to the foot of the mountains. Some of them _ (float使漂流) down the small rivers and others _ (carry) down on trains.Big trees _(cut) down in the mountains every year. Then young ones _ (must, plant) so that we _ always _ (can, have) enough wood. We have to take good care of mountains so that they _ always _ (may, cover) with growing trees.1. When I got to his office, I _ that he_ out.A. told, had been B. was told, wasC. had told, was D. was told, had been 2. The vegetables didnt taste very good. They _ for too long.A. cooked B. were cookedC. had cooked D. had been cooked A. told, had been 3. The anti-Japanese war _ in 1937 and it _ eight years.A. was broken, lasted B. broke out, lastedC. break out, lasted D. broke out, was lasted4. She was heard _ an English song.A. to sing B. singC. sang D. to be sang5. These boxes are very heavy _.A. be carried B. carryC. carried D. be carrying6. The police found that the house _ and a lot of things _.A. had been broken into, has been stolenB. has broken into, has been stolenC. had been broken into, stolenD. has broken into, has stolen7. Coal can _ to produce electricity for agriculture and industry.A. have used B. used C. be used D. use8. John has never dreamt of _.A. taken to Athens B. taking to Athens C. be taking to Athens D. being taken to Athens9. Nobody likes _.A. laughed at B. laughing atC. being laughed at D. being laughed10. The bridge _ will be completed next year.A. built B. being built C. is being built D. building( ) 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949. A. found B. was founded C. is founded D. was found( ) 2 English _ in Canada. A. speaks B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is spoken( ) 3 This English song_ by the girls after class. A. often sings B. often sang C. is often sang D. is often sung( ) 4 This kind of car _ in Japan. A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world. A. is used B. are using C. are used D. have used2( ) 1 Our room must _ clean. A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. _. A. it sold B. its selling C. Its been sold D. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building( ) 4 The key _ on the table when I leave. A. was left B. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world. A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 6 His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published3( ) 1 Japanese _ in every country. A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking( ) 2 These papers_yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written( ) 3 The sports meet _ be held until next week. A. didnt B. wont C. isnt D. doesnt4( ) 1 -My shoes are worn out.A. Cant they be mended? B. Let me have a look at it. C. How much do they cost? D. Cant they mended?( ) 2 _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it. A. Does B. Has C. Is D . Are( ) 3 _ these desks be needed? A. Will B. Are C. Has D. Do5( ) 1 Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting hold B. wasnt a meeting held C. wasnt held a meeting D. a meeting wasnt held( ) 2 Who was the book_? A. write B. wrote C. written D. written by( ) 3 Where _ these boxes made? A. was B. were C. is D. am6( ) 1 The flowers _ often. A. must be water B. must be watered C. must watered D. must water( ) 2 The books may_ for two weeks. A. be kept B. be borrowed C. keep D. borrow( ) 3 The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith. A. can mend B. can mended C. can be mend D. can be mended7( ) 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt( ) 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild8( ) 1 Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time. A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D. have been kept( ) 2 The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep( ) 3 Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow( ) 4 The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built( ) 5 Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9( ) 1 The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing( ) 2 The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. filled( ) 3 Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to( ) 4 Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well10( ) 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 3 These walls _ stone.A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into11( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D. was said( ) 2 The papers _ to them.A. were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 3 The coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to12( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 2 Good care_such things.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should be taking D. should be taken of( ) 3 She will_good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you13( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. was made to clean B. made cleanC. made to clean D. was made clean( ) 3 These children_dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to14( ) 1 These stones_well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( ) 3 The important meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A. washad B. was held C. held D. had15( ) 1 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D.