公共英语等级考试备考辅导全国公共英语PETS3资料：Unit5

全国公共英语(PETS3)复习资料：Unit5Unit5WeatherandClimaDialogues/monologues:I am passionate about English, and the challenge of expressing English fluently and swimmingly with foreigners was the principal motivation.1. having been brought up in the countryside.2. T hose mighty winds pulled in a band of cloud and some patchy rain through the small hours, and into the first part of the morning.我的翻译是：那些强劲的大风卷起一层云彩，还有些零星的小雨下了好一会，一直持续到清晨。不知道准确否?请高手赐教。3. clearer skies and much light winds allowed temperatures to drop well into single figures resulting in a touch of grand frost in some rural areas.清凉的天空和微风让温度值降到了个位数,使得很多乡村地区出现了霜.4. The early sunshine giving away to a bit more clouds.give away：让步。太阳被一小片云层遮住了。5. There was something of a drier interlude before an active weather system moved in from the west.6. Some of the more exposed locations saw sustained winds of 40mph with gusts of 58mph .Passage:The heart-trapping capacity of the atmosphere is popularly known as the “greenhouse effect”. Despite public controversy surrounding global warming, the natural greenhouse effect has been long established as fact in the scientific community.Indeed, carbon dioxide, and other gases, the earths natural climate would be about 33 cooler than it is. Life would have evolved quite differently in such a climate.Most scientists believe that the rapid expansion of agriculture and industrial activities over the last several hundred years have generated significant increases in carbon dioxide and methane in the atmosphere. However, experts disagree about whether such changers have caused the increase of approximately 0.5 in the earths surface temperature that has been documented over the past century. Many scientists cite the fact that 97 was the warmest year on record, following a decade in which 9 of the hottest years of this century were reported, as strong, but circumstantial, evidence that human activities have altered the earths climate. Other experts, however, believe this temperature trend is a natural variation.Also disputed is whether projected world population growth to more than billion people by the year 20 will result in a doubling or tripling of atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide. If such a buildup occurs, as many scientists predict, global surface temperatures could increase by anywhere from about one Celsius degree to about 4 Celsius degrees during the next century. The higher half of range involves temperature changes outside of those experienced by human civilizations since the end of the last ice age some ,000 years ago. During the last ice age, average global temperatures were only about 5 Celsius degrees cooler than the present period.A temperature increase of several degrees Celsius could result in a sea level rise ranging from about cm to about 1 m . A sea level rise of about 0.5 m would be noticeable primarily in the most vulnerable, low-lying islands and coastal areas. Larger sea level rises would result in extensive flooding of lowland beaches, wetlands, and coastal settlements. Moreover, a higher sea level base would increases the risk of catastrophic storm surges in coastal areas, since flooding would likely extend island well beyond historic levels.Warmer temperature could also intensify droughts in some regions, destabilize ecosystems, and cause the decline or extinction of some species. Since carbon dioxide enhances photosynthesis, some scientists have calculated that higher concentrations in the atmosphere would increase the productivity of crops and forests. But others have point out that carbon dioxide increase and a warming climate could encourage the spread of destructive pests, including weeds and disease-carrying insects.Translate Reference：大气储存热量的能力被普遍看作是“温室效应”。尽管公众对于全球气候变暖这一问题存在争议，但是在科学界，自然的温室效应问题很久前就被看作是事实了。确实，如果不是因为云层、水蒸气、二氧化碳以及其他气体对热量的储存，地球的自然温度应该比现在低 33 度，生命在那种气候条件下的进化将会大不一样。大多数科学家相信，在过去几百年里农业和工业的迅速发展使得大气中二氧化碳和甲烷的含量迅速增加。然而，对于这些改变是否是造成地球表面温度比上个世纪增加了大约 0.5 摄氏度的原因，专家们持不同意见。许多科学家引述了这样一个事实： 97 年是有气象记录以来最热的一年，之前的十年里有九年排在本世纪温度的前 名里，这充分且有力地证明了人类活动已经改变了地球的气候。但是另外一些科学家却认为这种温度变化趁势是自然变化。另一个争议是关于世界计划人口到 20 年突破 0 亿是否会使大气中二氧化碳含量增加一倍到两倍?许多科学家预测说如果这种情况真的发生的话，下个世纪世界各地的气温都将升高，升高程度从一度到四度不等。这个温度变化范围中的部分比从上个冰河时代末期到现在的 000 年间人类经历的温度变化还要大。在上一个冰河时期，全球平均气温只比现在低 5 摄氏度。温度升高几度会造成海平面升高 厘米到 1 米不等。海平面上升 0.5 米对于处在低地的岛屿和沿海地区来说就相当危险