英语完形填空上下文语境

英语完形填空上下文语境英语完形填空上下文语境 能影响完形词语选择的不仅仅有整篇文章的主旨和中心 还包括所缺词语上下能影响完形词语选择的不仅仅有整篇文章的主旨和中心 还包括所缺词语上下 文的词语 即我们所谓的上下文语境 他们之间形成相互提示或者互相反衬的作用 文的词语 即我们所谓的上下文语境 他们之间形成相互提示或者互相反衬的作用 I I 请填出下列段落所缺词语 词性在括号中已给出 请填出下列段落所缺词语 词性在括号中已给出 1 He showed no n in learning His marks were always poor he never completed a reading assignment or participated in class discussions and he rarely did his homework At an early age he was branded a nonlearner 解析 解析 题目中横线上应填出 interest 即兴趣 在原文中出现类似 never completed or participated rarely did 等字眼 说明文中的 he 问题不出现在能力 ability 或者耐心 patience 上 而是在于学习的兴趣 如果缺乏的是能力 那么上下文应该出现类似 difficult hard 等词语 2 When they saw each other for the first time in the dim candlelight later that night they stood adv For words could not express how profoundly touched each of them was by the sacrifice made by the other in the name of love 解析 解析 横线应填充词语 silently 即 沉默相对 理由是后文中出现了 words could not express 说明语言表达不出彼此的感动 因此此处 silently 在语境中是 最合适的 3 My dad also understood the value of a good sense of humor Back in the old days he often told me we were so poor we had to beg for n So sometimes when I was fast asleep dreaming of the home runs I would hit he would gently lean over my bed and shout into my ear Russian bombers Russian bombers Run Run And then he would laugh and laugh 解析 解析 答案应是 jokes 很多同学看到 poor 联想到过去生活的困苦 很自然地会在横线 中填出 money 或 food 等词语 但其实原文并非要表达此含义 在文段主题句中作 者提到 a good sense of humor 即父亲所拥有的是幽默感 在下文出现了 laugh and laugh 即上文发生的事应与其相关 综合上下文信息 jokes 是横线所缺词语 4 In her town there was a special program that taught adults to read but Bertha Ingram was quite nervous Would people laugh at her Would they to teach her It didn t happen that way She had a teacher who worked very hard with her After the first day Ingram could hardly wait to get to the library A like B refuse C agree D stop 解析 解析 此处答案是 B 很多同学会错选成 A 或者 C 认为文中人物在担心 他们会愿意或者 喜欢教她知识么 此处我们又要借助于完形语境的帮助 文段中出现了类似 nervous laugh at 的词语 都是表示否定含义的 也代表了人物的担忧和担心 因此横线上最佳 的选择也是表示否定意义的 refuse 它能够表达出人物紧张的心情和她所担心发生的情 况 5 While once I thought my dad was just about the adj man in the whole wide world in fact he was quite small and thin and his face was as cracked and pockmarked as the old leather seats of his beloved 52 Pontiac 解析 解析 本段横线中应填 big 与前四个文段不同 此时上下文语境的作用不是顺承与提示 而是反衬 词语 while 表示对比 与 in fact 引出的 quite small 相映衬 因此横线中缺少 的词语是 small 的反义词 即 big 6 My grandfather joined the army to fight for his country when German soldiers took his hometown of Tarnow in Poland Stand straight stand tall meant something else back then After the war he left for America in a new country he was frightened about his future Walking into the crowded and noisy streets of New York Stand straight and stand tall he would tell himself A Being homesick B Without money C Full of hopes D All alone 解析 解析 正确答案是 D 此处的语境起到的也是反衬的作用 从可能性上考虑不管是 A 选项中的 Being homesick 还是 B 选项中的 Without money 都能够给人带来恐惧感 因此这里我们不能靠主观臆断 而应该尊重原文 看后文 Walking into the crowded and noisy streets of New York 在父亲眼中 纽约市繁忙的 拥挤噪杂的 因此与自己的状态 形成了鲜明的对比 从这个意义上 文中的语境与所选答案是一种反衬关系 由上述几段文章可知 完形填空的选择与答案必须尊重原文与作者的原意完形填空的选择与答案必须尊重原文与作者的原意 选择具体 词语时不仅仅要考虑文章整体的主旨 中心 作者的意图 还要考虑其所在段落上下文的 语境 语境会对选择形成一种映衬或者对比的关系语境会对选择形成一种映衬或者对比的关系 能够对我们有重要的提示作用 II II 请完成下列题目 体会完形语境的作用 请完成下列题目 体会完形语境的作用 一 一 I was living in New York when my father called He was working in the city and suggested we meet for dinner But more pleasing and surprising to me was the way we had the dinner For this time he didn t spend the whole time giving advice I didn t 1 He talked with me I walked him to the bus station While we were waiting he stood against the wall My father had 2 been a strong and heavy man Now I saw how thin and weak he was He then told me something that surprised me He said he still 3 inside his head like a young man and couldn t believe he d passed sixty You don t know at your age how fast time goes he said If I never really talked with you boys as much as I d have liked to it was because there was so little time and so much I had to teach you I just didn t want you to make all the mistakes I had made I wanted to 4 you from some of the troubles I had I wanted to say Thank you Dad for telling me that I knew at last I was a 5 to my father We could talk with each other But I was too 6 by the evening to say how I was feeling It was the last 7 we ever had I was in Florida on a business trip when I 8 home Dad had a stroke 中风 last night after coming home from work He d always said he wanted to work till the day he died He got his wish My wish for another talk with my father would go unfulfilled 未完成的 I now know things I didn t know 9 my father was alive Time does go really fast There is so much to teach my boy and so little time I ve 10 him change from baby to child to boy in less time certainly than I took I know the temptation 引诱 always to be telling him things the things he ll 11 to survive 生存 to be a good person But I remember my father s final lesson My boy will learn by what I am and what I do far more than by what I tell him When Eric aged eight says Dad can we talk I 12 my book and say Sure I think for a second he wants my advice about something but then I remember He doesn t want advice He just wants to talk 1 A want B follow C understand D know 2 A once B just C often D sometimes 3 A thought B looked C wished D felt 4 A avoid B save C help D pull 5 A man B boy C son D friend 6 A nervous B excited C thankful D frightened 7 A chance B word C conversation D dinner 8 A arrived B went C called D missed 9 A when B what C though D because 10 A noticed B seen C made D watched 11 A have B need C get D try 12 A look at B hold up C put down D take out 参考答案 参考答案 1 6 A A D B A B 7 12 C C A D B C 解析 解析 这道完形填空题中同学们错误率最高的一道题目是第 6 题 此处作者想说明父亲第一 次与他平等的进行交流 但是当时他却由于心情太 而没有说出自己想要表达的话 很多同学会选择答案 A nervous 认为那种情境下作者的心情一定是紧张的 但其实我们 仔细观察原文的语境 却发现文中没有表达紧张的词语 短文前面提到 I wanted to say Thank you Dad for telling me that We could talk with each other 由此可见 作者 完全是喜悦兴奋的情绪 与紧张无关 因此本道题同学们如果能够正确应用文章的语境 便可正确解决问题 二 二 It is so cold on that dark winter day in 1942 But it is no different from any other day in this Nazi concentration camp 纳粹集中营 I am 1 dead living on from day to day from hour to hour 2 I was taken from my home and brought here with tens of thousands of other Jews 犹 太人 Will I still be 3 tomorrow I walk back and forth 来回 next to the barbed wire fence 带刺的铁丝网 trying to keep my body 4 I am hungry I have been hungry for long Each day as more of us disappear the happy 5 seems like a dream and I sink deeper and deeper into hopelessness Suddenly I notice a young girl walking past 6 the other side of the fence She stops and looks at me with sad eyes that seem to say she cannot understand why I am here I want to look away but I cannot move my eyes away from hers Then she reaches into her pocket and pulls out a red apple Oh how long has it been since I saw 7 She looks round carefully and then with a smile quickly throws the apple over the fence I run to pick it up holding it in my shaking 颤抖 8 fingers In my world of death this apple is a sign of life of love I looked up in time to see the girl disappearing The next day I cannot help myself I am 9 at the same time to that place near the fence And again she comes and brings me an apple For seven months we meet like this One day I hear terrible news We re being shipped to another camp The next day when I greet her my heart is 10 and I can hardly speak as I say what must be said Don t bring me an apple tomorrow I tell her I am being sent to another camp Turning before I lose all my control 控制 I run away from the