简明英语国际音标教程

简明英语国际音标教程简明英语国际音标教程 康康 方方 编 QQ 756315207 河南 正阳教师进修学校 2010 年 8 月 2 英语国际音标分类 48 个 a 元音 20 个 单元音 12 个 前元音 4 个 i i e 中元音 3 个 后元音 5 个 u u 双元音 8 个 合口双元音 5 个 e ei a ai i u a au 集中双元音 3 个 i u e b 辅音 28 个 爆破音 6 个 p b t d k 摩擦音 8 个 f v s z 破擦音 6 个 t d tr dr ts dz 鼻音 3 个 m n 边音 舌侧音 1 个 l 无摩擦延续音 1 个 r 半元音 2 个 w j 声门音 1 个 h 26 个字母 Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff Gg e bi si di i ef d i Hh Ii Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn e t a d e ke el em en Oo Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt 3 pi kju es ti Uu Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz ju vi d blju eks wa zi zed 4 Lesson One p b t d i Step 1 Learn and read p 清音 双唇音 爆破音 送气 气流强 b 浊音 双唇音 爆破音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 首先 双唇紧闭 堵住气流 然后 气流从口腔冲出 双唇打开 产生爆破 清音声带不震动 浊音声带振动 t 清音 齿龈音 爆破音 送气 气流强 d 浊音 齿龈音 爆破音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 舌尖抵上齿龈 堵住气流 当舌尖从上齿龈移开时 气流从口腔冲 出 产生爆破 清音声带不震动 浊音声带振动 i 长音 前元音 短音 前元音 发音方法 舌尖抵下齿 舌前部抬高 发音时呈扁平口型 紧张 发 i 时 嘴巴微张 比 i 口型稍大 略轻松 Step 2 Practice pea pi tea ti bee bi dee di peep pi p beat bi t teat ti t deep di p pit p t tip t p bit b t did d d Spellings of p p pp pet pet pepper pep Spellings of b b bb bed bed robber r b mb b is silent lamb l m bt b is silent debt det Spellings of t t tt two tu better bet 5 ed walked w kt stle t is silent castle k sl sten t is silent listen l sn Spellings of d d dd do du odd d ed played pleid robbed r bd Spellings of i ee tree tri ea meat mi t e me mi these i z ie piece pi s ei seize si z ey key ki Spellings of i y e sit s t city s t pretty pr t ai mountain ma nt n ay Sunday s nd ey money m n a village v l d 6 Lesson Two k e Step 1 Learn and read k 清音 软腭音 爆破音 送气 气流强 浊音 软腭音 爆破音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 舌后部抬高至软腭 堵住气流 气流冲破阻碍 形成爆破 清音声 带不震动 浊音声带振动 e 短音 前元音 短音 前元音 发音方法 舌尖抵下齿 舌前部抬高 发音时呈扁平口型 发 e 时嘴巴半开 比 e 口型稍大 Step 2 Practice A get et pet pet bed bed ket ket gap p pat p t bad b d cat k t B beat bi t bit b t bet bet bat b t pea pi pig p pet pet pat p t tea ti tip t p ted ted tap t p deed di p dip d p dead ded dad d d keep ki p kitty k t ket ket cat k t geek i k gid d get et gap p C East or west home is best i st west h m z best All is well that ends well 7 l z wel t endz wel Spellings of k c cc can k n soccer s k k ck cake ke k back b k ch before r or after s school sku l qu que liquor l k queue kju qu kw quick kw k Spellings of g gg get et bigger b gu gue guide a d league li gu w language l w d gh ghost st Spellings of e e set set bed bed ea dead ded bread bred a many men Spellings of a apple pl sat s t ai plait pl t plaid pl d 8 Lesson Three Step 1 Learn and read 长音 中元音 发音方法 发音时嘴巴半开 扁平 紧张 舌中部抬高至硬腭 短音 中元音 发音方法 发音时嘴巴半开 稍扁平 放松 舌中部抬高至硬腭 短音 半元音 发音方法 发音时嘴巴半开 稍扁平 放松 舌中部抬高至硬腭 Step 2 Practice A bird b d work w k purse p s girl l worker w k about ba t farmer f m panda p nd cut k t bus b s cup k p duck d k B bat b t but b t cat k t cut k t hat h t hut h t C e bird b d bed bed bud b d burn b n ben ben bun b n dirt d t debt det dust d st 9 D birth b above b v term t m ago E Blood is thicker than water bl d z k n w t First come first served f st k m f st s vd Better late than never bet le t n nev Spellings of er ir ur term t m girl l turn t n ear 辅音 learn l n earth w or 辅音 work w k world w ld our journey d n Spellings of a ar China t a n collar k l e er woman w mn better bet i possible p s bl o method me d or doctor d kt oar cupboard k b d our colour k l ou famous fe m s Spellings of 10 u bus b s o before m n v th wonder w nd company k mp n love l v nothing n ou touch t t oo blood bl d flood fl d 11 Lesson Four f v s z Step 1 Learn and read f 清音 唇齿音 摩擦音 送气 气流强 v 浊音 唇齿音 摩擦音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 下唇抬高 上齿抵下齿 气流在唇齿间形成摩擦 s 清音 齿龈音 摩擦音 送气 气流强 z 浊音 齿龈音 摩擦音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 上齿抵下齿 气流在舌前部和齿龈处产生摩擦 清音 齿音 摩擦音 送气 气流强 浊音 齿音 摩擦音 不送气 气流弱 舌尖抵上齿 气流在舌尖和上齿间形成摩擦 清音 硬腭齿龈音 摩擦音 送气 气流强 浊音 硬腭齿龈音 摩擦音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 舌面抬高至硬腭 舌尖朝向上齿龈方向 气流在舌面和舌尖处形成 摩擦 嘴巴呈前突 呈小方口型 发音时注意上下牙齿打开 留有缝隙 以便 气流顺畅流出 Step 2 Practice A f v fat f t vet vet beef bi f dove d v fact f kt have h v face fe s give v B s z sit s t zoo zu seed si d zeal zi l bus b s his h z 12 fussy f s easy i z C thick k this s third d that t fifth f f these i z mouth ma other D ship p pleasure ple fish f measure me shirt t garage r dish d vision v n E Good health is above wealth gud hel z b v wel Spellings of f f ff fat f t offer f ph photo f t gh laugh l f Spellings of v v vest vest f ph of v nephew nevju Spellings of s s ss set set miss m s c piece pi s city s t sc science sa ns 13 Spellings of z s between two vowels music mju z k s between a vowel and a silent e close kl z nose n z z zoo zu Spelling of th three ri Spelling of th there e Spellings of sh ship p s sure 辅音 sion n pension pen n Spellings of sure treasure tre 元音 sion n vision v n ge garage r 14 Lesson Five t d tr dr ts dz t 清音 硬腭齿龈音 破擦音 送气 气流强 d 浊音 硬腭齿龈音 破擦音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 舌尖抵上齿龈 堵住气流 舌中部抬高至硬腭 气流在舌面产生摩 擦并爆破出来 tr 清音 后齿龈音 破擦音 送气 气流强 dr 浊音 后齿龈音 破擦音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 舌尖抵上齿龈 堵住气流 当气流爆破时 舌尖朝向后齿龈 产生 摩擦 发音时 双唇收圆 突出 ts 清音 齿龈音 破擦音 送气 气流强 dz 浊音 齿龈音 破擦音 不送气 气流弱 发音方法 舌尖抵上齿龈 堵住气流 当舌尖从上齿龈迅速移开时 气流产生 爆破并且在舌尖和上齿龈处形成摩擦 A t d China t a n jet d et child t ai ld orange rin d picture p kt bridge br d peach pi t message mes d B tr dr trip tr p drip dr p trick tr k dress dres true tru draw dr truck tr k drop dr p C ts dz 15 cats k ts cards k dz seats si ts seeds si dz gets ets beds bedz mates me ts spades spe dz D cats and dogs k ts nd d z Birds of a feather flock together b dz v fe fl k t e Words pay no debts w dz pe n dets Few words many deeds fju w dz men di dz Fine words dress ill deeds fa n w dz dres l di dz Spellings of t ch tch chair t e catch k t ture picture p kt tion t n question kwest n Spellings of d j just d st g before i e y jet d et age e d gym d m dg e bridge br d Spelling of tr tr tree tri Spelling of dr dr dress dres Spellings of ts ts cats k ts tes mates me ts 16 Spellings of dz ds beds bedz des spades spe dz 17 Lesson Six u u 长音 后元音 短音 后元音 发音方法 舌后部抬高至软腭 双唇收圆 向前突出 长音嘴巴自然闭合 发 音时 紧张 发短音时 嘴巴半开 放松 长音 后元音 短音 后元音 发音方法 舌后部抬高至软腭 双唇收圆 发长音时 嘴巴半开 紧张 发短 音时 嘴巴大于半开 放松 长音 后元音 发音方法 舌后部抬高至软腭 嘴巴自然张开 舌尖朝向下齿 放松 A u soup su p good d two tu look l k food fu d book b k tooth tu put p t B pork p k pot p t four f hot h t door d cock k k walk w k want w nt C car k cut k t 18 ask sk cup k p pass p s bus b s father f mother m Spellings of u oo goose u z u rule ru l o do du lose lu z ou soup su p Spellings of u bush b push p oo foot f t oul could k d Spellings of al 辅音 talk t k au aw saw s cause k z ough augh bought b t daughter d t or ore corn k n horse h s Spellings of o cost k st w a want w nt ou cough k f Spellings of a after ft al half h f palm p m 19 ar farm f m ear heart h t au laugh l f 20 Lesson Seven r h l r 浊音 后齿龈音 无摩擦延续音 发音方法 舌尖抵后齿龈 舌背部抵上齿 双唇收圆 稍前突 一般情况下 字母 r 在词尾不发音 但是在句子中 如果前一个单词以字母 r 结尾 而后一 个 单词以元音开始 此时 字母 r 发音 和后一个单词的元音进行连读 A red red rude ru d rice ra s right ra t sorry s r very ver bread bred read ri d B four or five f r fa v far away f r we Here it is h r t s Spellings of r r rest rest rh h is silent rhythm r m wr w is silent write ra t h 清音 摩擦音 声门音 发音方法 气流从声门处流出 在舌面形成摩擦 heart h t help help hat h t hurt h t whose hu z his h z horse h s happy h p Spellings of h 21 h heat hi t wh w is silent who hu l 浊音 齿龈音 舌侧音 边音 发音方法 舌尖轻抵上齿龈 气流从舌两侧流出 发出一个模糊的 l 当舌尖 从上齿龈弹开时 发出一个清楚响亮的 l A feel fi l fill f l help help milk m lk pool pu l pull p l tell tel real ri l field fi ld girl g l B let let live l v lot l t learn l n like la k less les lock l k lost l st look l k light la t C l n r light la t night na t right ra t lead li d need ni d read ri d collect k lekt connect k nekt correct k rekt D Live and learn l v n d l n Look before you leap l k b f ju li p 22 Light come light go la t k m la t Grasp all lose all r sp l lu z l All is well that ends well l z wel t endz wel E talk t k walk w k half h f would w d should d F Spellings of l l ll love l v bell bel 23 Lesson Eight m n m 浊音 双唇音 鼻音 发音方法 双唇紧闭 气流从鼻腔流出 n 浊音 齿龈音 鼻音 发音方法 舌尖抵上齿龈 堵住气流 气流从鼻腔流出 浊音 软腭音 鼻音 发音方法 舌后部抬高至软腭 堵住气流 气流从鼻腔流出 A m meet mi t team ti m map m p lamp l mp many men farm f m B n neat ni t mean mi n net net tin t n nice na s fine fa n C sing s sang s sung s song s singing s ringing r Spellings of m m mm meat mi t summer s m mn n is silent autumn t m mb b is silent lamb l m Spellings of n n nn need ni d sunny s n kn k is silent knee ni 24 gn g is silent sign sa n Spellings of ng spring spr n before k and anger uncle kl 25 Lesson Nine e a a e ei 合口双元音 发音时口型由大到小 从 e 滑动到 A e day de may me say se safe se f B e e name ne m net net face fe s neck nek paper pe p pepper pep C e i great re t greet ri t say se see si train tre n tree tri Spellings of e a make me k ai rain re n ay way we ea break bre k eigh eight e t a ai 合口双元音 26 发音时口型由大到小 从 a 到 a 比 的口型稍大 A a high ha why wa rice ra s try tra five fa v light la t B a side sa d sat s t kite ka t cat k t child t a ld chat t t Spellings of a i y time ta m cry kra igh high ha ie ye die da bye ba ei either a i 合口双元音 发音时口型由大到小 从 到 介于 和 的口型之间 boy b toy t noise n z voice v s coin k n point p nt Spellings of oi spoil sp l oy boy b 27 u 合口双元音 发音时口型由大到小 从 滑动到 u 的口型在 u 和 u 之间 A go nose n z comb k m home h m road r d cold k ld B bone b n born bn burn bn tone t n torn tn turn tn Spellings of o code k d o l old ld o s most m st oa road r d oe toe t ou ow l soul s l bowl b l au a 合口双元音 发音时口型由大到小 从 a 滑动到 的口型在 u 和 u 之间 A down da n town ta n doubt da t shout a t loud la d mouth ma 28 house ha s mouse ma s B a a phone f round ra nd find fa nd hoe h how ha high ha boat b t out a t mile ma l C Spellings of a ou loud la d ow brown bra n 29 Lesson Ten e i 集中双元音 发音时 口型由小到大 从 到 紧张到放松 A ear beer b clear kl fear f idea a d hear h here h near n tear t B i he hi here h her h tea ti tear t term t m fee fi fear f fur f C They come here twice a year e k m h twa s j Come nearer and sit here k m n r n d s t h D Spellings of i eer deer d ear dear d ere here h ier firece f s e 集中双元音 30 发音时 口型由大到小 e 比 的口型小 但比 e 大 A care ke chair t e there e hair he bear be pair pe wear we pear pe where we B e ear air e hear h hare he fear f fair fe C e a her h here h hair he hire ha fur f fear f fair fe fire fa turn t tear t tear te tire ta D Take care te k ke Mary is the girl with the fair hair me r z g l w fe he E Spellings of e are square skwe air pair pe ear pear pe ere their e u 集中双元音 31 发音时 口型由小到大 的口型大小在 u 和 u 之间 A poor p sure tour t B u tour t two tu sure shoe u bluer bl blue blu C Spellings of oor moor m ure sure ur 元音 rural r r l our tour t 32 Lesson Eleven w j w 半元音 双元音 浊音 发音时 双唇收圆 向外突出 然后双唇向两边打开 舌后部抬高至软腭 气 流从双唇间流出 A watch w t wash w warm w m walk w k work w k wait we t swim swi m twelve twelv sweet swi t B v w vest vest west west verse v s worth w vine va n wine wa n vice va s wise wa z C a white woman wa t w m n warm water w m w t work well w k wel walk away w k we D No sweet without sweat n swi t w a t swet There is no smoke without fire e r z n sm k w a t fa Work makes the workman w k me ks w km n 33 Where there is hope there is life we e r z h p e r z la f Where there is a will there is a way we e r z w l e r z we When the cat is away the mice will play wen k t z we ma s w l ple E Spellings of w w weak wi k wh 元音 except o what w t qu kw quick kw k gu gw language l w d F write wa t two tu answer ns sword s d j 半元音 硬腭音 浊音 发音时 舌前部抬高至硬腭 双唇扁平 气流从舌面流出 A you ju yard j d youth ju young j yellow jel u yes jes B Spellings of j y yes jes i e before opinion p nj n 34 Lesson Twelve 辅音连缀 1 s p t k tr 清音不送气 top t p stop st p tar t star st cool ku l school sku l kill k l skill sk l port p t sport sp t pot p t spot sp t 2 P P 爆破音 爆破音 前一个爆破音不爆破 A actor kt doctor d kt football f tb l factory f kt r B black tea bl k ti a good teacher d ti t sit down s t da n what time w t ta m 3 P P P 爆破音 爆破音 爆破音 前两个爆破音不爆破 correct time k rekt ta m collect pennies k lekt pen z strict parent str kt pe r nt 4 P A 爆破音 破擦音 爆破音不完全爆破 35 a good child d t a ld a big tree b tri a big joke b d k a truck driver tr k dra v 5 P F 爆破音 摩擦音 爆破音不完全爆破 a red flag red fl a red vase red v z a big shop b p 6 P N 爆破音 鼻音 鼻爆破 garden g dn pardon p dn Good morning d m n Good night d na t I don t know a d nt n 7 P L 爆破音 舌侧音 舌侧爆破 little l tl middle m dl hospital h sp tl people pi pl at last t l st at least t li st 8 L C 边音 辅音 help help else els cold k ld old ld 36 film f lm milk m lk 37 Lesson Thirteen 弱读 虚词有重读和弱读两种形式 通常 虚词在句中弱读 虚词重读的三种情况 a 在句首时 b 在句末时 c 需要重读时 1 连词 Strong Weak and nd nd n n but b t b t or than n n n 2 代词 me mi m he hi i h him h m m his h z z her h h us s s s them em m m that t t who hu h 3 动词 38 am m m are is z s z be bi b been bi n b n was w z w z were w w has h z h z z s z have h v h v v v had h d h d d d do du d d d does d z d z can k n k n could k d k d shall l l l l should d d d will w l l would w d d d must m st m st m s 4 冠词 a e an n n the i 5 介词 39 at t t for f f from fr m fr m of v v 6 其它 there e not n t nt n to tu t t some s m s m sm Practice But why not b t wa n t Give him two v m tu I am tired a m ta d That s fine ts fa n He is here hi z h in a minute n m n t have an apple h v n pl Come at o