英语语法教学课件：形副.ppt

形容词和副词 考点分析1 形容词和副词的基本用法 2 形容词和副词的位置 3 形容词和副词的级别 4 常见形容词和副词的用法比较 形容词的基本用法 1 形容词的词义问题1 I mvery withmyowncooking Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious Mm itdoeshavea smell 2002北京 A pleasant pleasedB pleased pleasedC pleasant pleasantD pleased pleasant D 高考中关于形容词的词义的题考得不少 复习时需密切关注 该句中pleased表示 感到满意 高兴 的 pleasant表示 令人满意 高兴 的 根据句意不难发现答案为D 问题2 Theircheerfulvoiceshowedthattheywerehavinga discussion 1997上海 A noisyB seriousC completeD friendly问题3 Ifitisquite toyou IwillvisityounextTuesday 05天津卷 A convenientB fairC easyD comfortable D 该句中cheerful是重要的提示词 意为 欢快的 noisy serious以及complete显然都与题义无关 是形容词 意为 友好的 只有它符合题义 Itisconvenientforsb todosth 该句型意为 某人方便 适合 做某事 一般不说 sb isconvenienttodosth 其它三个词显然不符合句义 A 2 后置定语问题问题4 Allthepeople atthepartywerehissupporters 02北京 A presentB thankfulC interestedD important 解析 形容词作定语修饰名词时 要放在名词的前边 但是下列情况要后置 proper 本身 present 在场的 出席的 involved 有关的 concerned 相关的 left 剩下的 objecting 反对的 mentioned 提及的 selected 当选的 等 如thestudentspresent 出席的学生 thecostinvolved 所需费用 A f 下列情况也要后置 a some any no every构成的复合不定代词的修饰语要后置 如 somethingnew nothingserious anythinginterestingb else修饰不定代词和疑问代词时 要后置 如 Nobodyelseissosillyasyouare c 不定式短语 动名词短语 分词短语 介词短语做定语要后置 如 Doyoustillremembertheafternooninthefirstyearatcollegewhentheprofessorgaveusachemistrylesson d 以a 开头的形容词做定语要后置 如 alike alive alone asleep afraid awake 如 Heistheonlymanawakeatthattime 巩固练习 Ican tgetagoodpictureonmyTVset Theremustbesomething withit A badB matterC thematterD thewrong2 totakethisadventurecoursewillcertainlylearnalotofusefulskills A BraveenoughstudentsB EnoughbravestudentsC StudentsbraveenoughD Studentsenoughbrave3 Thereis toholdthewater A nothingbigenoughB nothingenoughbigC bigenoughnothingD enoughbignothing C C A 3 以 ly结尾的形容词问题5 Whathesaidsounds 1993上海 nicelyB pleasantlyC friendlyD wonderfully 解析 1 大部分形容词加 ly可构成副词 但friendly deadly lovely lonely likely lively ugly brotherly manly timely worldly 老于世故的 仍为形容词 改错 错 Shesanglovely 对 Hersingingwaslovely 错 Hespoketomeveryfriendly 对 Hespoketomeinaveryfriendlyway 2 有些以 ly结尾既为形容词 也为副词 daily weekly monthly yearly earlyTheTimesisadailypaper Itispublisheddaily C 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 问题1JohnSmith asuccessfulbusinessman hasacar 04辽宁 A largeGermanwhiteB largewhiteGermanC whitelargeGermanD Germanlargewhite 多个形容词修饰名词时 其顺序为 限定词 数词 描绘词 大小 长短 形状 新旧 颜色 出处 材料性质 类别 名词根据这个公式 就不难排列出 大小 颜色 出处 故选择B B 问题2 This girlisLind scousin 05北京卷 A prettylittleSpanishB SpanishlittleprettyC SpanishprettylittleD littleprettySpanish问题3 Onedaytheycrossedthe bridgebehindthepalace A oldChinesestoneB ChineseoldstoneC oldstoneChineseD Chinesestoneold 由 限定词 数词 描绘词 大小 长短 形状 新旧 颜色 性质 名词 的公式可知 描绘词 大小 出处的顺序 最符合答案 根据排列顺序 大小 形状 年龄 颜色 来源 质地 用途 名词可选择A A A 常见形容词的比较 1 worth worthy worthwhile2 alike like likely3 dead deadly deathly4 historic historical5 live lively alive living6 possible probable likely7 valueless priceless8 respectable 可敬的 高尚的 respectful 表示敬意的 Arespectablemanisrespectfultoothers 9 healthy 健康的 healthful 有益于健康的 Theairatseasideishealthfultous Soallofusarehealthy 巩固练习 TheWorldCupinFrancewasthebiggest footballmatchintheworld A aliveB liveC livelyD living2 Anyonewhohasspenttimewithchildrenknowsthedifferenceinthewayboysandgirlsrespond 反应 tothe situation A likelyB sameC alikeD similar3 It s torainbutnot beforeevening A possible probableB probable possibleC possibly probablyD probably possibly B D A 副词的基本用法 问题1 somefamousscientistshavethequalitiesofbeingbothcarefulandcareless 04上海春季 A StrangelyenoughB EnoughstrangelyC StrangeenoughD Enoughstrange问题2 Canyoubelievethatin arichcountrythereshouldbe manypoorpeople 1995N A such suchB such soC so soD so such A B 副词enough要放在形容词和副词的后面 形容词enough放在名词前后都可 A 基本句型 such a adj n so adj a n B such后可加各种名词 而so后面只能加单数名词 C so可加many much few little等 而such不能 问题3 Wedon tcareifahuntingdogsmells butwereallydon twanthimtosmell 1995上海 A well wellB bad badC well badlyD badly bad问题4 Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas tocarryallthewayhome 03全国卷 A muchtooheavyB toomuchheavyC heavytoomuchD tooheavymuch C A smell有双重词性 作 闻起来 解是系动词 后接形容词作表语 作 嗅 解是形为动词 后接副词 该题的干扰项是B smellsbad 表示闻起来很臭 不可能同时放入两个空格 muchtoo是副词 用来修饰形容词或副词 toomuch是名词或形容词 可单独使用或修饰名词 问题5 Johnisverylazy Hefalls behindinhisstudies 05 广东卷 A veryB farC moreD still问题6 MustIturnoffthegasaftercooking Ofcourse Youcanneverbecarefulwiththat 05江西卷 A enoughB tooC soD very B B 副词的修饰关系是现今高考的热点之一 复习中应予以足够的重视 farbehind 表示 远远地掉在后面 canneverbetoo 是一种固定的表达方式 意为 越 就越好 常用副词的比较 问题1 Itwasrainingheavily LittleMaryfeltcold soshestood tohermother 2002北京 A closeB closelyC closedD closing问题2 Wedecidednottoclimbthemountainsbecauseitwasraining 1996N A badlyB hardlyC stronglyD heavily A D closeto离 近 此处close是副词 closely表示 密切地 与题意无关 表示 雨下得大 可用rainhard rainheavily等 不用badly或strongly 表示 刮大风 可用strongwind hardly是否定词 与句意无关 注意下面兼有两种形式的副词close与closelyclose意思是 近 closely意思是 仔细地 Heissittingclosetome Watchhimclosely late与latelylate意思是 晚 lately意思是 最近 Youhavecometoolate Whathaveyoubeendoinglately 3 deep与deeplydeep意思是 深 表示时间和空间深度 deeply时常表示感情上的深度 深深地 Hepushedthestickdeepintothemud Heoftenworksdeepintothenight Evenfatherwasdeeplymovedbythefilm high与highlyhigh表示空间高度 highly表示程度 相当于muchTheplanewasflyinghigh Ithinkhighlyofyouropinion 5 wide与widelywide表示空间宽度 widely意思是 广泛地 在许多地方 Heopenedthedoorwide Englishiswidelyusedintheworld 6 free与freelyfree的意思是 免费 freely的意思是 无限制地 Youcaneatfreeinmyrestaurantwheneveryoulike Youmayspeakfreely saywhatyoulike 另外注意下列各组副词的用法区别1 just justnow2 rather fairly3 yet still already4 hard hardly rarely scarcely5 sucha adj n so adj a n 6 most mostly almost7 especially specially8 everyday everyday9 sometime sometimes sometime 巩固练习 It salwaysdifficultbeinginaforeigncountry ifyoudon tspeakthelanguage A ExtremelyB naturallyC basicallyD especially2 Wouldyoube domeafavor A kindenoughB sokindastoC sokindtoD kindasto3 Theguidetoldusthathewouldorganizesomebusinessmenfromabroadtohaveatour thenextmonth A sometimeB sometimeC sometimesD sometimes4 Itis thathisEnglishis perfect A sure veryB right ratherC exact fairlyD certain quite D B B D 形容词和副词的级别 1 as as 结构问题1 Johnisthetallestboyintheclass accordingtohimself 05安徽卷 B A fivefooteightastallasB astallasfivefooteightC asfivefooteighttallasD astallfivefooteightas问题2 Whatatable I veneverseensuchathingbefore Itis itislong 05湖北卷 A halfnotaswideasB widenotashalfasC nothalfaswideasD aswideasnothalf B C astallas 高达 fivefooteight fivefeeteightinches aswideas是比较 所以倍数词应放在前面 说明 1 在否定句或疑问句中可用so as Hecannotrunso asfastasyou 2 当as as中间有名词时采用以下格式 as 形容词 a 单数名词as many much 名词Thisisasgoodanexampleastheotheris Icancarryasmuchpaperasyoucan 3 用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时 放在as的前面 Thisroomistwiceasbigasthatone Yourroomisthesamesizeasmine 4 倍数 the n of倍数 as adj asThisbridgeisthreetimesaslongasthatone Thisbridgeisthreetimesthelengthofthatone Yourroomistwiceaslargeasmine Yourroomistwicethesizeofmine 5 数量词 senior junior toHeissevenyearsseniortohiswife Iamthreeyearsjuniortomyeldersister morethan结构问题1 Isyourheadachegetting No it sworse 05全国卷3 A betterB badC lessD well问题2 Mr Smithowns collectionofcoinsthananyoneelseIhaveevermet 05山东卷 A largerB alargerC thelargerD alarge问题3 Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas thanexpected Thereweremanyticketsleft 04福建 A muchsmallerB muchmoreC muchlargerD manymore A B A 问题4 Thedictionarygavemeabetterofferthan 1999上海 A thatofDick sB Dick sC hegaveDickD thoseofDick问题5 You restandingtoonearthecamera Canyoumove 2000上海 A abitfarB alittlefartherC abitoffartherD alittlefar问题6 Inthatcase thereisnothingyoucando thanwait 2001北京春季 A moreB otherC betterD any C B B 1 要避免重复使用比较级 错 Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother 对 Heisclevererthanhisbrother 2 要避免将主语含在比较对象中 错 ChinaislargerthatanycountryinAsia 对 ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia 3 要注意对应句型 遵循前后一致的原则 ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing Itiseasiertomakeaplanthantocarryitout 4 程度词abit alittle rather much far byfar many alot lots agreatdeal any still even等词可修饰比较级 除外 还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语 以上词 除byfar 外 必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面 而byfar一般置于比较级之后和最高级之前 ofthetwo结构问题1 Ofthetwoshirts I dliketochoose one 94上海 A thelessexpensiveB themostexpensiveC lessexpensiveD mostexpensive问题2 Ifthemanagerhadtochoosebetweenthetwo hewouldsayJohnwas choice 95上海 A goodB thebestC betterD thebetter 说明 在ofthetwo结构中 比较级前要加the 但如果不在ofthetwo结构中 要注意冠词的使用 后有名词的时候 前面才有可能有冠词 比较 Whichislarger CanadaorAustralia Whichisthelargercountry CanadaorAustralia Sheistallerthanhertwosisters Sheisthetallerofthetwosisters A D 4 the 最高级 比较范围问题1 Davidhaswonthefirstprizeinsinging heisstillveryexcitednowandfeels desiretogotobed 05江苏卷 A themostB moreC worseD theleast问题2 Greenland islandintheworld coversovertwomillionsquarekilometers 2000上海 A itisthelargestB thatisthelargestC isthelargestD thelargest D D 1 形容词最