新目标七年级英语时态归纳.doc

【定义】一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。即描述我们日常生活中的衣食住行等活动。【用法】(1)在实际应用中，一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays 例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.(2)没有时间状语，可以分以下四种类型：Abe型这一类型由be动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如：I am a student.(主语+be动词+名词)They are hungry.（主语+be动词+形容词）He is out.(主语+be动词+副词)That pen is mine.(主语+be动词+代词)I am fifteen.(主语+be动词+数词)The bike is under the tree.(主语+be动词+介词短语)Bdo型do型由行为动词充当谓语，表示经常性或习惯性的动作，其构成为“主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如：I know it.He believes me.Cthere be型there be型句子表示“某地存在”，其构成为“there be+主语+其他”，表示客观事实。用法遵循“就近原则”，即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数，则用there is；主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数，则用there are。如：（1）There is an eraser on the teachers desk.(主语an eraser是单数)（2）There is an orange，five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主语中的第一个主语an orange是单数)D情态动词型情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词+动词原形”，情态动词和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如：He can speak a little English.(can+speak)May I have a book, please?(may+have)【练习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。（Be动词）一般现在时中的be动词有四中形式: am is are be其中：am用于一人称主语I之后，构成I am句型。is 用于三人称单数主语she, he, it或单个的人和物之后，构成She/He/It is句型。are用于二人称you或复数主语we, they之后，构成You/We/They are句型。be为该动词的原形，用于情态动词can, may, must之后或用于祈使句中。如：Be careful! 当心！1. Jim _(be) a hard-working student at school.2. _(be) Tom and Sam in the same class?3. Your school life _(be) very interesting.4. There _(be) a pen, two rulers and some books on the desk.5. The boys _(be) very friendly to me.6. Maria _(be not) from the U.S.A.7. _(be) there any trees and a pool in the yard?8. I want to _(be) a teacher.9. Mr. Wang cant _(be) at home, because the lights are off.10. Dont _(be) late for school again.二、用所给词的适当形式填空。（情态动词）情态动词有 can“能够，可以”may“可以”must必须+动词原形（不需变化）should 应该1. My mom can _(cook) food well.2. Must she _(stay) at home now?3. What can the boy _(do) for his parents?4. Tom cant _(sing) an English song.5. He may _(perform) ballet at Kangkangs birthday party.6. She should _(help) her parents do some housework.三、用所给词的适当形式填空。（实义动词）主语（一，二人称或三人称复数）+动词原形主语（三人称单数）+动词三人称单数形式（动词s/es）否定句中（dont, doesnt）+动词原形疑问句中（Do, Does + 主语）+动词原形1. Tom often _(take) a talk after supper.2. Tom and I usually _(go) to school by bike.3. Does Lin Tao _(like) reading storybooks?4. What classes do you _(have) today?5. How often does the girl _(watch) TV?6. Where do they _(live) now?7. Every year many people _(lose) their lives in traffic accidents.8. Sam doesnt _(get) up early in the morning.9. Each of them _(have) a nice schoolbag.10. They each _(sleep) late at night.四、句型转换。（Be动词）否定句：直接在be动词之后加not。疑问句：将be动词提到主语之前。1. She is in a blue dress.（变否定句）She _ a blue dress.2. I am from Qijiang.（变一般疑问句）_ from Qijiang?3. Are the storybooks very interesting?（否定回答）No, _.4. His parents are both workers.（变一般疑问句）_ his parents _ workers?5. There aresome nice bookson the shelf.（对划线部分提问）_ on the shelf?五、句型转换。（情态动词）否定句：直接在情态动词之后加not。疑问句：将情态动词提到主语之前。1. My mother may speak a little English.（变否定句）My mother _ speak a little English.2. We should be careful when we cross the street.（变一般疑问句）_ be careful when we cross the street?3. Must I finish my homework at once?（作肯定和否定回答）Yes, _.No, _.4. Tom canrecite a Chinese poem.（对划线部分提问）What _ Tom _?六、句型转换。（实义动词）否定句：三人称单数主语 + doesnt +还原动词其他主语+ dont+ 动词疑问句：Does + 三人称单数主语 + 还原动词？Do+ 其他主语+ 动词？1. They often play the piano loudly.（变否定句）They _ often _ the piano louldy.2. Jim learns English well.（变一般疑问）_ Jim _ English well?3. She likesSichuanfoodvery much.（对划线部分提问）What _ she _ very much?4. Do the boys usually play football after school?（作肯定回答）Yes, _.5. She usually does some cooking in the evening.（变否定句）She usually _ any cooking in the evening.6. I want to do some shopping.（变一般疑问句）_ you _ to do any shopping?7. Tom oftenwathes TVat night.（对划线部分提问）What _ Tom often _ at night?8. They sometimesgo swimmingin the afternoon.（对划线部分提问）What _ they sometimes _ in the evening?一般过去时【定义】一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过了的动作或存在过的状态。即描述已经发生过了的事情。【时间标志性词】yesterday，the day before yesterday, in 2010, (three days) ago, last (night, month, year, weekend), just now, 另一般过去时也表示经常或反复发生的动作，常和often, always等表示频率的时间状语连用。例如：I always went to school on foot last year. 去年我通常走路去上学。【用法】Abe型这一类型由be动词（was和were）+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成谓语，表示主语以前或过去的个性、特征或状态。如：I was a studentten years ago.(主语+be动词+名词)They were hungryjust now.（主语+be动词+形容词）The bike was under the treeyesterday.(主语+be动词+介词短语)It was rainylast Sunday.They were very happy at Kangkangs birthday party.Bdid型did型由行为动词过去式充当谓语，表示以前做过的某事，其构成为“主语+动词过去式动词”。如：I knew him when I was young.He believed me at that time .Cthere be（was/were）型there be型句子表示“某地曾经存在”，其构成为“there be（was/were）+主语+其他”。用法遵循“就近原则”，D情态动词型情态动词型句子的构成为“主语+情态动词过去式could+动词原形”，情态动词过去式和动词原形一起构成谓语，表示主语过去或曾经能做的事情。如：He could speak a little Englishlast year.(could+speak)What could she dowhen he was ten.【练习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。（Be动词）一般过去时中的be动词有两种形式: was和were其中：was用于单数主语之后，构成I/she/he/It was句型。were用于复数主语和二人称you之后，构成You/We/They were句型。1. I _(be) a little girl at that time.2. When _(be) you born?3. Maria _(be) born in Cuba.4. The weather yesterday _(be) very cold.5. They _(be) very happy at Kangkangs birthday party yesterday.6. What _(be) the date the day before yesterday?7. _(be) you at home a moment ago?8. Where _(be) your parents last Saturday?9. My mother _(be not) in Chongqing last month.10. How _(be) the weather this morning?二、用所给词的适当形式填空。（情态动词）情态动词can的过去式为could，无人称变化。1. Jane _(can) speak Chinese well when she was only five.2. _(can) they dance the disco last year?3. I _(can not) sleep well last night.4. What _(can) you do just now?三、用所给词的适当形式填空。（实义动词）首先根据句中提供的时间短语确定是否该用过去式。然后判断该动词是属于规则动词还是不规则动词。规则动词直接加ed，不规则动词则需强化记忆。1. I _(like) reading books before. But now I dont.2. She _(watch) TV late yesterday evening.3. We _(clean) up our classroom a moment ago.4. _ they _(have) any bread this morning?5. What _ you _(do) the day before yesterday?6. Tom _(go) to visit the Great Wall last year.7. Mr. Wang _(sing) an English song just now.8. _ Lin Tao have a good time at the party last Sunday?9. We _(not porform) ballet yesterday. We _(recite) a poem.10. The wind yesterday _(blow) strongly.四、句型转换。（Be动词）否定句：直接在was/were后加not。疑问句：将was/were提到主语之前。1. I was born in a small town.（变为一般疑问句）_ you _ in a small town?2. Sam was a little boy at that time.（变为否定句）Sam _ little boy at that time.3. His friends werein the libraryjust now.（对划线部分提问）_ his friends just now?4. Were they very happy yesterday?（作否定回答）No, _.5. Was your brother born in Chongqing?（作肯定回答）Yes, _.五、句型转换。（情态动词）肯定句：直接在could后加not.疑问句：将could提到主语之前。1. I could sing English songs when I was five.（变一般疑问句）_ you _ English songs when you were five?2. The boy could ride a bike last year.（变否定句）The boy _ a bike last year.3. They couldplay a gameyesterday.（对划线部分提问）What _ they _ yesterday?4. Could your friends cook food last Sunday?（作肯定回答）Yes, _.六、句型转换。（实义动词）否定句：didnt + 还原动词疑问句：Did+ 主语+ 还原动词1. I went to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.（变否定句）I _ to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.2. She recited a poem at Kangkangs birthday party.（变一般疑问句）_ she _ a poem at Kangkangs birthday party?3. They did their homework half an hour ago.（变否定句）They _ their homework half an hour ago.4. Tomsang a song beautifullyyesterday.（对划线部分提问）What _ Tom _ yesteray?5. Jim took many pictures in winter holidays.（变一般疑问句）_ Jim _ many pictures in winter holidays?6. Did the kid hurt himself just now?（做否定回答）No, _.7. They knewthe girl in bluewell?（对划线部分提问）Who _ they _ well?8. I forgot toclose the dooryesterday evening.（对划线部分提问）What _ you _ to do yesterday evening?现在（正在）进行时【定义】现在（正在）进行时表示说话的瞬间正在进行或发生的事情。如：They are singing and dancing happily now .他们正在高兴地唱歌跳舞。She is showing her friend around the city .她正在带一位朋友游览城市。【结 构】主语+be（am / is / are）+动词的-ing形式。肯定句形式：I + am动词ing.如：Iam reading (read) an interesting story book now.She/He/It+ is 动词ing. 如：Tomis reading (read) an interesting story book now.We/You/They + are动词ing. 如：Theyare reading (read) an interesting story book now.否定句形式：直接在be（am, is, are）之后加not，其余照抄。如: Iam not reading( not read) an interesting story book now.Tomisnt reading( not read) an interesting story book now.Theyarent reading( not read) an interesting story book now.一般疑问句：直接将be（am, is, are）提到主语之前，其余照抄。如：IsTomreading(read) an interesting story book now?Aretheyreading(read) an interesting story book now?特殊疑问句：首先分析划线部分的意思，确定用哪个疑问词（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后再将原句变为一般疑问句形式（即将be动词提到主语之前，其余的不变）。如：What timeisTomreading(read) an interesting story book?Wherearetheytaking(take) pictures?现在进行时的时间标志短语汇总：现在（正在）进行时常与一些固定的时间短语搭配使用：now“现在”如: Jim is playing soccernow.Look! Listen!“看啊！听啊！”如：Look!Mr. Lee is working on the computer.Listen!The birds are sing in the tree.right now= at the moment“此刻”如：The monkeys are climbing up the treesat the momnet.Where is?问题的回答，暗指说话的时候。如：Where is your mom, Tom?Oh, she is cooking in the kitchen.前面早就阐明是现在的短文中。【练习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. My parents _（watch）TV now.2. Look. Three boys _（run）.3. What _ your mother _（do）now?4. _ your dog _ now?（sleep）5. _ you _（listen）to music? Yes, I am.6. Look, Miss Chen _ football.（play）7. Tom and his sister _（wait）for you over there.8. Now Class 3 and Class 4_（have）a test.9. Listen, someone _（sing）in the classroom.10. Where is Zhang Yan?She _（talk）with her teacher in the teachers office.11. The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.12. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .13. My mother _ ( cut )some breadnow.14. What _ you _ ( do ) now?15. Look. They _( have) an English lesson .16. They _(not ,play) basketball now.17.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .18.What is our grandmother doing? She _(watch) TV.19. Its5oclock now.We _(have)supper now20. The cats(run) in the garden now.二、句型转换。1. Look! Lily is dancing.（改为一般疑问句）_2. Kate is looking for her watch.（改为否定句）_3. Mrs White iswatching TV.（对划线部分提问）_4. I am doing homework.（改为否定句）_5. They are waiting for youat the library.（就划线部分提问）_三、根据中文提示完成句子：1. 小花不是在写作业，她在画画。Xiao Hua _ _ homework. She _ _ pictures.2. 今天李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙。Miss Li _ _ a red dress today.3. 你爷爷在看报纸吗？_ your grandpa _ the newspaper?4. Tom和Jim在做什么？_ _ Tom and Jim _?5. 他们是在打篮球还是在打排球？_ they _ basketball _ volleyball?一般现在时、一般过去时、现在进行时综合练习一、写出下列动词的三单形式和过去式三单过去式三单过去式三单过去式三单过去式buy _ _fly _ _plant _ _study _ _drink _ _ play_ _go _ _make _ _do _ _dance _ _ worry _ _ask _ _taste _ _eat _ _read _ _put _ _let _ _run _ _keep _ _have_ _find _ _ get_ _eat _ _ring _ _write_ _ sleep _ _give _ _ stop _ _二.用正确的动词形式填空1.The children are _ (run) there now.2.-I _ up at half past six this morning. (get )-My father always _(come) back from work very late.3.My mother _ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon . (buy)4.Listen! Who_(sing) in the music room? Oh. Mary _(sing) there.5.They _ _ a meeting yesterday. ( not have)6.- _ you _ ( have) any color pens? -Sorry, I dont have any.7.She likes eggs, but she _ (not like) bread.8.My mother(tell) me a story every night.9. How much meat _ you _ (want) ?- A kilo, please.10.Someone _ (be) in the next room.11.There _ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil- box.12.You must _ (get) here at two this afternoon.13.The twins _ thirteen two years ago. (be)14.Where _ her friend _ (swim) now, do you know?15.We must _ (help ) the teacher carry it.16.Who _ (teach) you English in your school?17.The teacher is busy. He only _ (sleep) five hours a day.18.Look! The bus _ (come).19.Near our school there _ (be) a shop, it _ (sell) a lot of books.20.She_(go) to school from Monday to Friday.21.What _ he _ (like)?22.He _ (teach) English in a middle school.23.You always(do) your homework well.24. What _ she _ (do)?-She _ _ (clean) her room now.25.Look at the man. He _ (drink) tea.26.He can _ (sing) this song.27.Lets _ ( help ) my mother _ (cook).28.I think Li Lei must _ (be) at school.29.There _ (be) some bread and meat on the table.30.Listen! She _ (sing) an English song.31.Liu Ying _ (study) in Beijing these days.32.They _ (clean) the floor now.33.Look! He _ (drink) tea.34.Han Meimei often _ (play) games after school.35.Lily _ (be) a Young Pioneer.36.The day before yesterday they _ (watch) a volleyball match.37.What _ the girls _ (do) over there now?38.-She _(not visit) her aunt last weekend.-She _ (stay) at home and _(do) some cleaning.39.When _ you _(write) this song? I _(write) it two years ago.40._ your sister _ (know) English?41.Where _ your pen pal _ (come ) from?42.The boy is _ (watch) TV at home.43. Su Hai_(have) eight lessons this term.44.Today the girls _ (wear) new clothes.45._ ( be ) you sitting and drinking tea?46.One of the people _ (be) singing.47.What are they doing? They _ (clean) the room.48._ (be) there any cups of tea? No, there _ (be) not any.49.Look! Lucy _ (fly) a kite with Lily.50.I can _ (speak) Chinese and English.51.How _ you _ (do) ?52.She _ (look) like her mother.53.I _ (not) think so.54.My friends _ (play) cards now.55.Listen! Who _ (sing) in the classroom?56.Jim _ (have) a good friend.57.Where _ (do) your friend come from?59. I _ (have) an exciting party lastnight.60.She _ (live) in the city.62.Class One _ (have) a map of China.63.Mr Green _ (teach) them English every day.64.The little girl _ (have) a round face.54.He cant _ (go) there with us.66.I cant _ (play) the piano.67.The music _ (sound) very great.68.She _ (not like) opera.69.Tom often _ (sing ) Japanese songs.70.Jack and I often _ ( swim) in the river.71. What_she_(do) at weekend