高三英语定语从句复习课件.ppt

Grammar TheAttributiveClause Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 Whowillwinthematch whathehastoldyou thatwehavelostthegame thatwewonthegame 定语从句 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句 HeisaboywhorunsfastinClassFour whorunsfastinClassFour 关系词作用 引导定语从句 代替先行词在其引导的定语从句中充当一定的句子成份 Themanwhoisstandingthereismybrother 先行词 被定语从句所修饰的词 关系代词 引导定语从句的词 2 关系词 引导词 关系代词 关系副词 人 人 物 人 物 who whom which that whose as 主宾表 when where why 状 whose作定语 whom作宾语 如何选择用哪一个关系词 看先行词是人还是物看关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分 如果充当主 宾 表 定语 就用关系代词 如果充当状语 就用关系副词 Iknowtheboywho thatsitsontheleftofChenchengjie Iknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor Iknowtheboy TheboysitsontheleftofCehnchengjie 把下面的句子合并成定语从句 Iknowthewoman Thewoman shusbandisadoctor Englishisanimportantsubject WemustlearnEnglishwell Englishisanimportantsubject which that wemustlearnwell who that which that whose I llneverforgetLuodingMiddleSchool IstudyinLuodingMiddleSchool I llneverforgetLuodingMiddleSchoolwhereIstudy I llneverforgetthosedayswhenIstudiedinLuodingMiddleSchool I llneverforgetthosedays IstudiedinLuodingMiddleSchoolinthosedays where when 当先行词是物或人时 只用that或只用which或只用who引导定语从句的情况2 当先行词是表示时间 地点或原因的名词时 如何判断用关系副词还是关系代词3 whose的用法及转换形式4 as与which的区别5 定语从句中的主谓一致问题6 介词 关系代词 定语从句的常见考点 考点一当先行词是物或人时 只用that或只用which或只用who引导定语从句的情况 1 Everything canbedonehasbeendone 2 Doyouhaveanything youdon tunderstand 先行词是everything nothing anything something much little none等不定代词 that that I vereadallthebooks youlentme that 先行词被any some no much few little every all very only last修饰时 Isoxygentheonlygas helpsfireburn that 1 ThisisthebestTV ismadeinChina 2 Thefirstmuseum hevisitedinChinawastheHistoryMuseum that that 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 Theschoolandstudentsthathevisitedmadeadeepimpression 印象 onhim 先行词中既有人又有事物时 Whoistheperson isstandingatthegate Whichisthebike youlost that 若主句中有疑问代词who或者which 为了避免重复 关系代词不再用who which 而用that that 1 Thelastplace wevisitedwastheGreatWall A whichB thatC whereD it Exercises 2 Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks interestedhimgreatlyintheschool A whichB thatC itD whom 3 这是我读过的最有趣的小说 4 这是你第三次迟到了 ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread Itisthethirdtimethatyouhavebeenlate 只用which的情况 1 逗号后面2 介词后面3 先行词本身就是that Johnsaidhe dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour wastrue 2001京皖春季 A heB thisC whichD who2 Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear 80 aresoldabroad A ofwhichB whichofC ofthemD ofthat 3 What sthat flashedintheskyjustnow which C A 当anyone those he she I they作先行词时 只用who Anyone breaksthelawwillbepunished Those breakthelawwillbepunished He breaksthelawwillbepunished who who who 考点二 关系副词 关系词 关系代词关系副词 whichthatwhowhomwhose wherewhenwhy 关系词副词的作用 主从句 在从句中 状语 表示时间 地点 原因的先行词 连接 充当 指代 1 where指 在定语从句中作 相当于 它的先行词通常为place spot street house room city town country等 Thisisthelibrary Ireadbooks where 地点状语 地点 Thisisthelibrary Ireadbooksinthelibrary 介词 which Where作地点状语 意为inthelibrary inwhich 2 when指 在定语从句中作 相当于 它的先行词通常为time day morning night week year moment period age等 时间 时间状语 They llneverforgetJuly1 HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherlandonJuly1 介词 which They llneverforgetJuly1 HongKongreturnedtoitsmotherland When作时间状语 意为onJuly1 onwhich when 3 Why指 在定语从句中作 也可用 替代 它的先行词只有reason 原因或理由 原因状语 why Pleasegivemethereason youwerelatethistime when where why Why作原因状语 意为forthereason forwhich forwhich when on in during which 时间名词 时间状语 where on in infrontof which why forwhich 地点名词 地点状语 reason 原因状语 考点二 先行词是表示时间 地点或原因的名词时关系副词or关系代词 Hisfatherworksinafactory makesradioparts Hisfatherworksinafactory radiopartsaremade which where 选用where which 方法一 看关系词在从句中充当什么成分充当主 宾 表或定语用 充当状语用 关系代词 关系副词 Thisisthehouse theyvisitedlasttime Thisisthehouse welivedbefore Thisisthehouse welivedinbefore which where which 方法二 看从句中的谓语动词vt 后面无宾语 用关系代词vi 后面没介词 用关系副词后面有介词 用关系代词 做介词的宾语 选用where which Shewillneverforgettheday shelostthering Iwillneverforgettheday wespentinBeijing when which 选用when which 方法三 看从句的意思是否完整不完整 用关系代词 完整 用关系副词 Tellthedifferencebetweenthem Thisisthefactory makesshoes Thisisthefactory hisfatherworks Thisisthefactory wevisitedyesterday Theday Iwillneverforget isJanuary30th Icannotforgettheday Ijoinedtheparty Pleasetellmethereason youarelate Hehastoldmethereason canexplainhisabsence 缺席 fromthemeeting Thereason hetoldus wasnottrue which that where which that which that when why which that which that 1 关系副词when和where引导的定语从句中 when和where可以用介词 which来代替 介词要根据与先行词的关系来确定 Hewillremembertheyears hestudiedatcollege when inwhich Thisisthefarm myfatherusedtowork where onwhich 2 关系副词why引导的定语从句中 why可以用for which来代替 Doyouknowthereasonwhy forwhichhewaslate 考点三whose用法及转换形式 1 whose引导定语从句 在从句中充当定语 其后应紧跟名词 whose实际上是先行词的所有格That sthechildwhosefatherisateacher whose thechild s Doyouknowthewomanhusbandisadoctor Thisisabookcoverisgreen 2 whose引导定语从句 其先行词不仅可以指人 还可以指物 whose whose 3 whose的先行词指物时 可用ofwhich代替 但词序不同 即whose n the n ofwhich或ofwhich the n Helivesintheroom facessouth thewindowofwhich Helivesintheroom facessouth ofwhichthewindow Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth 考点四 as与which引导的定语从句 小结 as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句 可以在从句中做主语 宾语或表语 代替主句或先行词 E g 1 Hemarriedher whichwasnatural 2 Aswecansee heishonest 3 Thedog whichisblack isrunningtowardthestrangeman as一般译成 正如 像 常与动词know expect report see announce pointout等连用 E g 1 Asisknowntoall Chinaisadevelopingcountry Shehasbeenlateagain asisexpected 2 HehasbeentoParisfortentimes whichIdon tbelieve which引导的定语从句不能放句首 3 Hedidn tpasstheexam whichmadehisfatherveryangry 当主从句之间存在逻辑上的因果关系时常用which 当先行词受such thesame修饰时 常用as 1 Ihaveneverheardsuchstories hetells 2 Sheworethesameskirt heryoungersisterwore as as 高考链接 用as which填空 1 isknowntoeverybody themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth NMET2001 2 Jimpassedthedrivingtest surprisedeverybodyintheoffice 2005浙江 As which 3 isreportedinthenewspapers talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress 2004北京 4 Tomhasmaderapidprogress makesmeveryhappy As which 考点五 定语从句中主谓一致问题1 Iamnotonewho afraidofdifficulty 2 Don tchooseme who notfitforthisjob is am 定语从句中的谓语动词在人称和数方面应该与它的先行词保持一致 3 Thisisoneofthebestbooks A thathaveeverbeenwrittenB thathaseverbeenwrittenC thathaswrittenD thathavewritten4 Sheistheonlyoneofthegirls wellinclass A whichsingsB whosingC whosingsD whotosing oneof 复数名词 关系代词 复数动词theonlyoneof 复数名词 关系代词 单数动词 Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls wellinclass A whichsingsB whosingC whosingsD whotosing nottheonly