研究生英语综合教程(下)1-10单元全部答案及解析

,Unit 1,Living A Full Life,Unit 1Living a Full Life,Content,Starting out Reading Focus Reading More Practical Translation Focused Writing Final Project,Task 1Discuss with members of your group what is/are the most important element(s) for living a full life. You may choose one or more from the following list or provide your own answer. Then give reasons why you have made such a choice. a good appearance close friends a happy mindset a good neighborhood perfect health an absorbing hobby a good job lottery winnings a happy family,Starting outTask 1,Task 2 Your best friend has recently been in low spirits ever since she was diagnosed with COPD (慢性阻塞性肺病). She stays in bed most of the time and misses a lot of classes. She has nothing to do, and moreover wants to do nothing. How would you encourage her to cope with the disease with a positive attitude?,Starting outTask 2,Here are some suggestions from experts that will enable you to retain (or take back) much of your independence and improve your quality of life. Dont isolate yourself.reach out to others Stay as physically active as you can Manage your breathing Stick with your treatment plan,Starting outTask 2,Task 3Read the letter from John Doe and, with your partner, discuss how you could help him.Dear Abby,I feel like I almost cant breathe now. I work a ridiculous amount of hours and I dont have time to relax. My parents live 1,400 miles away and I am here all by myself. I have no time to make friends. Sometimes I feel I dont even have a life. What should I do?Kind regards,John,Starting outTask 3,Dear John, I used to live a life just like yours. I can see myself in you when I finished my college and started my first job. I found a job as junior reporter for Chicago Daily so I moved from Houston to Chicago. I was working 18 hours a day in a place where I knew few people. My health finally broke down from too much work and poor diet. I stayed in hospital for two weeks. My parents came to Chicago and took care of me. After I was out of hospital, I quitted my job and moved back to Houston, where I found a job in a local newspaper. I visited my parents often and I had time to hang around with my friends whom I had known for years as well as those I newly made. I felt happy finally. So my suggestion is to take some time off your work and go back to visit your parents and friends. Consider changing a job which requires fewer hours so that you may have time to make friends. You may also try to take classes on a subject you are interested in or pursue a hobby. You are sure to find life worth living. Yours, Abby,Starting outTask 3,Starting out,Listen to the passage “Bored to Death” and fill out the blanks. Weve all been bored from time to time. Sometimes, when were really at loose ends, we might even say were “bored to death” or “_!” We dont really mean it, of course.But according to one study, it may be true. That is, it _ to be bored to death. Researchers in England looked at surveys done in the mid 1980sseveral thousand questionnaires filled out by _ about their jobs.,so bored I could die,seems possible literally,London civil servants,The researchers found that those whod said that in the previous month they were bored at work were _ as other workers to die of a heart problem over the follow-up period. Workers who _ in their jobs were less likely to die prematurely.Now, this doesnt mean that feeling bored _ will kill you. Were talking about chronic boredom, as in being bored all the time.,more than twice as likely,claimed to be interested,every once in a while,Starting out,And its not necessarily boredom itself thats deadly. Most probably,according to the study, its the fact that being bored often leads to _ such smoking, overeating, drinking, and abusing drugs.Other studies have linked _a disease known often to lead to poor health.Does this mean that being engaged and interestedin other words, the opposite of bored_?Maybe. If not being bored means being physically active and adopting good dietary and exercise habits, then it certainly cant hurt.,unhealthy habits,boredom and depression,leads to better health,Starting out,The Hidden Side of Happiness,Reading Focus,Reading Focus,Watch a clip from The Pursuit of Happyness in which Christophers wife just left him. Discuss with your partner how people should pursue happiness.,Background Information,Click on the picture,Introduction,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Main idea: Many people find that enduring a harrowing ordeal _.There seems to be a built-in human capacity to _.What doesnt kill you can actually make you stronger.,ultimately changes them for the better,flourish under the most difficult circumstances,Body,Main idea: People who have suffered the most, who have beenforced to contend with shocks they never anticipated and torethink the meaning of their lives, _.,may have the most to,tell us about that profound and intensely fulfilling,journey that philosophers used to call the search,Reading Focus Global Understanding,for “the good life”,Argument 1: Happiness is only one among many values in human life. Sometimes only _ can foster such qualities as _ because _.Example: 31-year-old fashion designer Tracy Cyr. “I felt I hadbeen shown the secret of life and why were here: to be happyand to nurture other life. Its that simple.”,the trials of adversity,creativity,compassion, wisdom, altruism, insight,Reading Focus Global Understanding,sometimes only,drastic situations can force us to take on the painful process of change,Body,Argument 2: For many people who have endured extreme eventslike combat, violent crime or sudden serious illnessperhapseven the majoritylife _.,ultimately becomes richer and,Reading Focus Global Understanding,more gratifying,Body,Argument 3: Actually implementing these changes, as well asfully coming to terms with a new reality, _ _. And eventually, people may find themselves freed in ways they never imagined.Example: _. Although parenting can bring sleep deprivation and thenecessity of putting aside personal pleasure, ultimately, theemotional rewards can compensate for the pain and difficultiesof adversity.,usually takes,One of lifes biggest challenges: parenting,conscious, effort,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Body,Conclusion,Main idea: _.,Its possible to live an extraordinary rewarding life,even within the constraints and struggles we face,Reading Focus Global Understanding,Task 2,Choose the sentence that best expresses the meaning of the sentence from the text (P11),Key: 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10,B,C,A,A,D,A,C,D,B,D,Reading Focus Detailed Information,Work together with your partner to answer the following questions based on the text youve just read.,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,1. The writer claims in the first paragraph that, “many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimately changes them for the better.” In which sense does she mean by saying “to change for the better”, physically or mentally?2. In the second paragraph, the writer believes in “a built-in capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances.” Do you agree with her? Provide examples to elaborate your opinion.3. Do you agree with the statement “What doesnt kill you actually makes you stronger”? Why or why not?,Discuss in groups the following questions.1. Have you had the experience of going through a very difficult situation and coming out as a better person? Or do you know someone who has experienced this?2. Unlike those who are so unfortunate to have been struck by diseases or who have been forced to go through extreme difficulties in life, some people choose to voluntarily take adventures or challenges, like extreme sports, to push themselves to limits. Why do these people do so and what can they obtain from these experiences?,Reading FocusCritical Thinking,1. Hurricanes, house fires, cancer, whitewater rafting1 accidents, plane crashes, vicious attacks in dark alleyways. (para.1),Reading Focus Language Point,hurricane: a storm that has very strong fast winds and that moves over water 飓风 e.g. A drenching rain poured down and the rising hurricane drove it in sheets along the ground.similar terms: typhoon/ monsoon/ trade wind,vicious: 1) violent and cruel in a way that hurts someone physically e.g. a vicious murder a vicious killer2) very unkind in a way that is intended to hurt someones feelings or make their character seem bad, e.g. She was shocked by the vicious tone in his voice.similar words: malicious, evil, violent, savage, cruel, ferocious, fierce,Reading Focus Language Point,2. There seems to be a built-in human capacity to flourish under the most difficult circumstances. (para.2),Reading Focus Language Point,flourish: develop well and be successful e.g. The economy is booming and small businesses are flourishing. thrive: e.g. Children thrive when given plenty of love and attention.,3. This fledgling field has already proved the truth of what once passed as bromide: (Para. 3) fledgling: a fledgling state or organization has only recently been formed and is still developing e.g. Nursed the fledgling business through an economic downturn.,Reading Focus Language Point,4. Those who weather adversity well are living proof of the paradoxes of happiness.(para.4),Reading Focus Language Point,paradoxes: a person, thing or situation that has two opposite features and therefore seems strange e.g. He was a paradox-a loner who loved to chat to strangers. The paradox is that fishermen would catch more fish if they fished less.,5. But that feeling of transformation is in some ways typical, (papa.11),Reading Focus Language Point,transform: to completely change the appearance, form, or character of something or someone, especially in a way that improves ite.g. The movie transformed her almost overnight from an unknown schoolgirl into a megastar. After three weeks we noticed a total transformation in his behavior.,6. In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pierced, and the self-protective mental armor that normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is torn away. (para.12),Reading Focus Language Point,翻译：在事情发生的那一瞬间，我们的安全感被冲破了，平时处于我们与我们对世界的种种看法之间的自我保护的精神盔甲被剥离了。,Key 1- 2- 3- 4- 5- 6- 7- 8-,Task 1Read the words and their explanations in the box. Choose a word to complete each of the sentences below and explain its meaning. Change the form if necessary.(P14),provinces b.,woke a.,haunt b.,trouble a.,weathers d.,wake b.,coined c.,trouble b.,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,Key 9- 10- 11- 12- 13- 14- 15- 16- 17-18-19-20-,weather c.,province c.,coin a.,value a.,haunts a.,has promised a.,trouble c.,coin b.,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,promise d.,values c.,refrain b.,valued e.,Task 2,The _ atmosphere of the inn allows guests to feel totally at home.2. Technological advances might _ lead to even more job losses.,Fill in each of the blanks with an appropriate phrase from the box. Change the form if necessary. (P15),tranquil,ultimately,adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimately,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,3. In the _ of the shootings, there were calls for tighter controls on gun ownership.4. Her kindness and generosity _ her occasional flashes of temper.5. He was beginning to wonder if he would survive the _ .6. Foreign food aid has led to a _ reduction in the numbers of people dying of starvation.,aftermath,cancel out,ordeal,drastic,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimately,7. Perhaps her most important _ was her program of educational reform.8. There were food shortages and other _ during the Civil War.9. The new economic policies could prove _ for the party.10. The building will be completed around six months earlier than _ .,legacy,deprivations,suicidal,anticipated,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimately,11. The experience was enough to keep him _ for some time.12. The road to happiness is paved with _ .13. She _ to nothing no less than the chairmanship of the company.14. He might be influenced by _ for the surroundings of his happy youth.15. In _ , I wish that I had thought about alternative courses of action.,preoccupied,adversities,aspires,nostalgia,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,adversity ordeal anticipate drastic suicidalpreoccupy legacy nostalgia retrospect tranquildeprivation aspire aftermath cancel out ultimately,retrospect,Task 3,Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in brackets into English. Try to use the expressions you have learned from the text. (p.17),1. Watching your baby being born is _ (极其令人兴奋的经历).2. There is _ (内置储藏空间) in all bedrooms.3. This handout focuses on _ (自我保护措施) under difficult climatic conditions.,a mind-blowing experience,built-in storage space,self-protection measures,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,4. Im sure we could offer you some _ (短期的工作).5. So, how is it that we all, or at least many of us, have such a _ (歪曲的、否定的自我观念)?6. Helen Hunt stars as a character undergoing _ (改变了生活的事件) in Then She Found Me.7. She has written a book that is beautiful because of the honesty and the raw emotion that is portrayed in _ (无所不包的细节).8. Having a decent job contributes to _ (一个好的自我形象).,short-term employment,distorted and negative self-perception,life-changing events,Reading Focus Vocabulary in Action,all-encompassing details,a good self-image,The Good Mind Is Flexible,Reading More,Reading More,Global Understanding,Text Exploration,Critical Thinking,Language Points,Vocabulary in Action,1,2,3,4,5,Distinguish between training and education,Introduction,What characterize flexible people,Conclusion,Reading MoreGlobal Understanding,Answer the following questions.1. What kind of people does the world of tomorrow need?,Flexible individuals, intelligently mobile individuals, individuals who can land on their feet when their jobs become technologically obsolete, individuals who can cope with theunexpected. These are the people that are needed in the world of tomorrow.,Reading More detailed information,2. What is the difference between training and education?,To train is to make learners find the fixed responses, to stress immediate goals to the neglect of long-term growth of the learners. To educate, however, is to foster limitless growth,lifelong learning in learners, to let them develop the good mind.,Reading More detailed information,3. How can we develop into a flexible person with a good mind?,To develop the flexible person with the good mind we must learn how to teach skills, attitudes, and concepts, we must favor those learning experiences that have high transfer value to varied life situations. We must enable them to see the world in a fresh, inventive way. We will let them chart their own course.,Reading More detailed information,4. What is the teachers task if art is “the intensification of the ordinary”?5. What is the inescapable element in education for flexibility?,His task is to help learners turn the commonplace into the creative.,Reading More detailed information,An attitude favorable to change. It is the inescapable element in education for flexibility. If someone has a negative view toward change, there will be no flexibility.,6. How do people who dread change think of themselves?,Those people think they dont amount to much, they do not accept themselves and consequently do not accept others. They often have a negative view toward the future.,Reading More detailed information,7. What can schools and colleges do to build an attitude favorable to the unprejudiced examination of ideas?,Schools and colleges can and must develop the self-confidence of students, build them up with repeated success instead of constant failure. They can develop a group atmosphere friendly to and supportive of change. They can help students admire what is admirable, and become acquainted with heroic men and women who changed the world. They can provide continuing guidance