2011江苏高考英语试题详解.doc

2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题（江苏卷）详解226531 江苏省石庄高级中学 秦建华e-mail 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19.15 B. 9.15 C. 9.18答案是 B1.What dose the man like about the play?A. The story B. The ending C. The actor2.Which place are the speakers trying to find?A.A hotel.B. A bank C.A restaurant.3.At what time will the two speakers meet?A.5:20. B.5:10. C.4:40.4.What will the man do?A. Change the plan B. Wait for a phone call. C. Sort things out.5.What does the woman want to do?A. See a film with the man.B. Offer the man some help.C. Listen to some great music.第二节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小问题，从题中所给的A、B、C、三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置，听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Where is Ben?A. In the kitchen B. At school C. In the park7.What will the children do in the afternoon?A. Help set the table B. Have a party C. Do their homework听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.What are the two speakers talking about?A. A family holiday B. A business trip C. A travel plan9.Where did Rachel go?A. Spain B. Italy C. China听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.How did the woman get to know about third-hand smoke?A. From young smokers. B. From a newspaper article.C. From some smoking parents.11. Why does the man say that he should keep away from babies?A. He has just become a father. B. He wears dirty clothes.C. He is a smoker.12. What does the woman suggest smoking parents should do?A. Stop smoking altogether. B. Smoke only outside their houses.C. Reduce dangerous matter in cigarettes.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Where does Michelle Ray come from?A. A middle-sized city. B. A small town. C. A big city.14. Which place would Michelle Ray take her visitors to for shopping?A. The Zen Garden B. The Highlands C. The Red River area.15. What does Michelle Ray do for complete quiet?A. Go camping. B. Study in a library C. Read at home.16. What are the speakers talking about in general?A.Late-night shopping. B. Asian food. C. Louisville.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Why do some people say they never have dreams according to Dr Garfield?A. They forget about their dreams. B. They dont want to tell the truth.C. They have to bad experiences.18.Why did Davis stop having dreams?A. He got a serious heart attack. B. He was too sad about his brothers death.C. He was frightened by a terrible dream.19.What is Dr Garfields opinion about dreaming?A. It is very useful. B. It makes things worse.C. It prevents the mind from working.20.Why do some people turn off their dreams completely?A. To sleep better. B. To recover from illnesses.C. To say away from their problems.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15题：每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child _he or she wants.A. however B whatever C. whichever D. whenever答案是B。21.I hear you _ in a pub. What its like?Well, its hard work and Im always tired, but I dont mind.A. are working B. will work C. were working D. will be working答案A 解析：考查时态。时态题最重要的是要找：时间状语，如果题目没有给出时间状语，那么我们就要根据语义来合理地推测语境中的时态。对话中，第二句说“这是一份困难的工作，而且我经常很累，但是我不介意”，整个语境都用的一般现在时，说明这是描述的目前的情况，所以选择A选项，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动作。22. The fact that so many people still smoke in public places_ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.A. suggest B. suggests C. suggested D. suggesting答案B 解析：考查时态及主谓一致。首先解析句子结构，题干中that so many people still smoke in public places为the fact的同位语，主语为the fact，所以谓语用单数形式;that we may need a national wide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking是宾语从句，而原句中缺少谓语动词，可排除D选项;根据句意“还是有很多人在公共场合吸烟这个事实说明我们需要一个全球性的运动来提高人们对吸烟危害的认识”，这是现在的情况，用一般现在时即可。23.Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know. By next month, he _ enough for a used one. A. saves B. saved C. will save D. will have saved答案D 解析：考查时态。根据时间状语by next month，by加上将来的某个时间，用将来完成时。24. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _ the audience can buy ice-cream.A. when B. where C. that D. which答案A 解析：考查非限定性定语从句。首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说“在音乐会中间有间歇，此时你可以买冰激凌。”题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能就是对先行词进行补充说明。由于从句部分不缺少主干成分，而且interval表时间，所以正确答案为A.25. In that school, English is compulsory for all students, but French and Russian are_A. special B. regional C. optional D. original答案C 解析：考查形容词词义辨析。Special是“别的，特意的”;regional是“地方的”;optional是“可选择的”;original是“最初的”。根据句意，“在那所学校，英语是必修课”，紧接着后面用but进行转折，由此可知法语和俄罗斯语不是必修课而是可以选修。26.It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.A. that B. how C. when D. why答案D 解析：考查主语从句。这里的it是形式主语，真正的主语是“_the man hadnt reported the accident sooner.”根据句意，原句要表达的是“为什么这个老人没有马上报案这件事还未查明。” 27.Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professionalA.consequence B.independence C.competence D.intelligence答案C 解析：考查名词词义辨析。consequence是“结果，后果”;independence是“独立，自主”;competence是“能力，竞争力”;intelligence是“智力，理解力”。根据句意，应该是“老师们必须不断更新知识，保持他们的职业竞争力。” 28.Are you still mad at her?Not really, but I cant that her remarks hurt me.A.deny B.refuse C.reject D.decline答案A 解析：考查动词词义辨析。deny是“否认”;refuse、reject、decline都是“拒绝”。根据句意，应该是“我不否认他的话给我造成很大的伤害。” 29.Linda didnt invite us to the party. I dont care.A.For what B.So what C.Whats on D.Whats up答案B 解析：考查情景交际。第一个人抱怨“Linda没有邀请我们去聚会”，第二个人说“我不在乎”，根据这个语境，应该是“那有怎么样呢，我不在乎!” 30.You look upset. Whats the matter？I had my proposal _ again.A.turned over B.turned on C.turned off D.turned down答案D 解析：考查动词短语辨析。turned over是“翻书，翻身，翻倒”;turned on是“开”;turned off 是“关”;turned down是“拒绝”。根据句意，应该是“我的建议遭到拒绝”。31.Recently a survey prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared答案B 解析：考查非谓语动词。首先分析句子结构，这句话的主语是a survey，谓语动词是has caused，宾语是heated debate，意思是“一项调查引起了城市人们里激烈的讨论”。由此可见，原句不缺主干成分，“ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets”该部分是来修饰survey的，做后置定语。排除C选项，由于是主动地去比较，所以正确答案是B。32.Wed better discuss everything before we work out the plan.A.in detail B.in general C.on purpose D.on time答案A 解析：考查介词短语辨析。in detail是“详细地，详尽地”;in general是“大体上，总体上”;on purpose是“故意地”;on time是“准时”。根据句意。应该是“我们最好在制定计划前详细地讨论所有问题。” 33.It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine. , wed better take it to the garage immediately.A.Otherwise B.If not C.But for that D.If so答案D 解析：考查连词辨析。题干前半句说“听上去汽车的发动机好像坏了”，后面句说“我们最好立刻去修理厂”，通过简单判断可知，这两个句子之间是顺承的关系，所以应该是“如果真的这样的话（发动机坏了）”。34.I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone it.A.will have stolen B.might have stolen C.should have stolen D.must have stolen答案B 解析：考查情态动词的推测用法。第一个人说“我把包忘在车上了，幸运的是，失而复得了”，第二个人说“很难相信会有这种事发生，我的意思是，”will have stolen是将来完成时，表示到将来某个时间，某件事一定会发生，显然不符合语境;should have stolen表示本该最某事，也不符合意思;must have stolen表示一定做了某事，显然错误。这里应该选用might have stolen表示说话者觉得包落在火车上，很有可能会被别人偷走的。35.You could always put the decision off a little bit longer. If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance.A. Thats reasonable advice B.Isnt it a good idea?C.Do you think so? D.I cant agree more答案C 解析：考查情景交际。第一个人说“你可以推迟决定”，第二个人说“如果再拖下去，我会失去机会”。很明显，这两个人意见相反呢，所以第二个人不会肯定第一个人的意见，联系选项，可以用Do you think so?先进行反问，然后给出自己的观点。第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large, tempting （诱人的）apple on one of the branches of an apple tree hanging out over a tall fence. The boy wasnt much of a fruit-eater, 36 a bar of chocolate if given the choice, 37 , as they say, the forbidden fruit can be tempting. Seeing the apple, the boy wanted it. The more he looked at it, the 38 he felt and the more he wanted that apple.39 as high as he could, but even as his tallest 40 he was unable to touch It. He began to 41 up and down , as high as he could, at the 42 of each jump stretching his arms to get the apple . Still it remained out of 43 . Not giving up , he though , if only he had something to 44 on . His school bag wouldnt give enough height and he didnt want to 45 the things inside , like his lunch box , pencil case , and Gameboy. Looking 46 , he hoped he might find an old box , a rock , or , 47 luck , even a ladder , but it was a tidy neighborhood and there was nothing he could use. He had tired everything he could think to do. 48 seeing any other choices , he gave up and started to walk 49 . At first he felt angry and disappointed thinking about how hungry he had become from his 50 , and how he really wanted that apple .The more he 51 like this , the more unhappy he became.52 ,the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldnt always get what get he wanted .He started to say to himself . This isnt 53 ,I dont have the apple and Im feeling miserable as well. Theres 54 more I can do to get the apple-that is unchangeable-but we are supposed to be able to 55 our feelings. If thats the case, what can I do to feel better?文章讲述的是一个放学回家的男孩看到高高栅栏里一棵苹果树叉上有一只非常诱人的大苹果吊在那里。故事就从此展开了。36.A. preferring B. offering C. receiving D. allowing尽管小孩不太喜欢吃水果，但如果让其选择的话，他更喜欢（preferring）一块巧克力。37.A. so B. then C. but D or然后话锋一转（but），像他们所说的，禁果是很有诱惑力的。38.A.sadder B. angrier C. hungrier D. tastier看到这只苹果，这小孩就想要它。他越看，就越感到饥渴（hunger）就越想要那只苹果。39.A. expanding B. stretching C. swinging D. pulling 他尽可能伸手往高处去够（stretching）。40. A. strength B. length C. range D. height但即使是用他最高的高度（height）（比如：踮起脚）也不能够够到它。41.A.jump B. look C. walk D. glance他就开始尽可能高地往上跳（jump）42.A.tip B. stage C. top D. level每次当跳到最高处（top）时就伸手去够那苹果。tip是“顶端、尖端”的意思。43.A hope B. hand C. sight D. reach即便如此还是够不到(out of reach)44.A. put B. stand C. get D. hold他没有泄气，他想，要是有什么东西往上一站（stand）该有多好啊！45.A. break B. shake C. take D. strike即使站在他的书包上夜提供不了足够的高度，而且他也不想踩断（break）里面像午餐盒、铅笔袋、掌上游戏机这些东西， 46.A.up B. forward C. down D. around他四处（around）望了望，希望能找到一只旧箱子，一块大石头47.A.for B. with C. on D. of或者带点运气(with luck)的话，甚至有一架梯子。可这是一家爱整洁的邻居，所以他找不到什么可以利用的东西。48.A. After B. Through C .Without D. Upon他尝试了他所能想到的一切办法，由于看不到(without seeing)有任何别的选择，49.A. back B. away C. up D. down所以他放弃了，起身离开(away)。50.A. wishes B. beliefs C. efforts D. goals起先他感到很生气，想想自己所付出的努力（efforts），反而感到如此的饥饿，继而感到失望。他是多么想得到那只苹果啊。51.A. thought B. imagined C. tried D. claimed他越是这么想（thought），他就越是不快乐。52.A.Therefore B. However C. Moreover D. Otherwise然而（However），故事中的男孩是一个非常精明的人，即使他不总是可能得到他想得到的东西。53.A. skilful B. cheerful C. harmful D. helpful他开始自言自语道，“这（指上文中自己因得不到苹果而不快乐）毫无益处（helpful）”54. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing要得到那只苹果我所做的事仅此而已（nothing more）。55.A.change B. express C. forget D. describe-这是不可改变的-但是我们理应能够改变（change）我们的感受。要是那样的话，我能做些什么会感到好受些呢？第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWe know the famous onesthe Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bells but what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldnt we know who they are?Joan Mclean think so. In fact, Mclean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes developed a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who” invented “what”, however, Mclean also likes her students to learn the answers to the “why” and ”how” questions. According to Mclean,” When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well, Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City. The day was cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield, she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a built-in device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper. Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations，Its hard to imagine driving without Garrett A. Morgans traffic light. Its equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine J. Blodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible, Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?生活中离不开小发明，鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机，推动社会的进步。56.By mentioning “traffic light” and “windshield wiper”, the author indicates that countless inventions are .A. beneficial, because their inventors are famous B. beneficial, though their inventors are less famousC. not useful, because their inventors are less famous D. not useful, though their inventors are famous观点态度题，根据第一段but 处：but what about the less famous inventers? What about.windshield wiper?可以得出结论。这些人的发明不是很有名，确实非常有用的。答案为B。57.Professor Joan McLeans course aims to_.来源:Zxxk.ComA. add colour and variety to students campus life B. inform students of the windshield wipers inventionC. carry out the requirements by Mountain University D. prepare students to try their own invention细节题。根据题干可以定位到原文第二段，However处正是考点出题处，引号当中的内容正是证明了Mclean的观点：when students learn the answers to these questions,.prepared to recognizeinventing a try.由此可以看出选项D正是原文的同义替换。58.Tommy Lees invention of the unbreakable umbrella was _. A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm D. not related to Professor Joan McLeans lectures细节题。根据题干中的人物Tommy lee可以定位到原文第三段，引号当中正是他的观点：If I had not heard the story of the windshield wipers invention.i never would have.，可以判断出答案B正确。59. Which 0f the following can best serve as the title of this passage? A.How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers? B.How to Design a Built-in Device for Cleaning the Window? C.Shouldnt We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper? D.Shouldnt We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? 主旨题。文章一开头就点出文章主旨：shouldnt we know who they are?并且用了疑问句加强语气，可见C选项正确。其他三个选项都相对片面。B本篇为应用文，是一份海报，关于国家公园的介绍以及征募会员介绍，话题和学生的生活有比较大的距离感，但是词汇未超出课标范围，学生完全可以通过信息的提炼分析答案。60.Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?A.To build massive complexes for public amusement.B.To prevent possible damages to the National Park.C.To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.D. To sponsor publications and projects in local school.推理题。 要注意题目问的是discouraged by, 通过文章第三大标题Activities第二段第一句we keep an eye on planning applicationssuch as massive leisure complexes可以推断出选A是Friends所不支持的，为正确选项。61. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to .A. have Friends goods free of charge B. visit any place not open to the publicC. take part in work parties if they want to D. give talks in their fields on current issues细节题。根据题干，定位到第四大标题Benefits.从第五点”Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to involve.”可以看出选项C为正确选项。62.The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to_.A. raise money for the Friends organization B. join the Friends organization and be members of itC. work as managers for Pembroke shire National Park D. enjoy the landscape of Pembroke shire National Park主旨题。文章一开头就抛出三个问题，可见这个组织的目的在于吸引更多的人能够加入其中，B为正确选项。由文章第二大标题Aims中的”we are a voluntary organization”可见A选项错误。C，D选项都是文章没有提到的。CAccording to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gig watts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere.The project, called Hywind, is the worlds first large-scale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机).Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton,2.3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture),a technology Hywinds creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable(缆索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywinds stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but its difficult