ORACLE_11G静默安装.docx

1) check software package binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.EL4 compat-db-4.1.25-9 compat-libstdc+-296-2.96-132.7.2 control-center-2.8.0-12 gcc-3.4.3-22.1.EL4 gcc-c+-3.4.3-22.1.EL44 glibc-2.3.4-2.9 glibc-common-2.3.4-2.9 gnome-libs-1.4.1.2.90-44.1 libstdc+-3.4.3-22.1 libstdc+-devel-3.4.3-22.1 make-3.80-5 pdksh-5.2.14-30 sysstat-5.0.5-1 xscreensaver-4.18-5.rhel4.2 libaio-0.3.103-3yum install compat-db compat-libstdc+ control-center gcc gcc-c+ glibc glibc-common gonme-libs libstdc+ libstdc+-devel make pdksh sysstat libai#rpm -qa gcc*#rpm -Uvh -force binutils-2.15.92.0.2-13.0.0.0.2.x86_64.rpm2) configure kernel parameter edit /etc/sysctl.conf kernel.shmall = 2097152 kernel.shmmax = 268435456 kernel.shmmni = 4096 # semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmni kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128 fs.file-max = 65536 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 net.core.rmem_default=262144 net.core.rmem_max=262144 net.core.wmem_default=262144 net.core.wmem_max=262144 /sbin/sysctl -p3)vi /etc/security/limits.conforacle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536 vi /etc/pam.d/loginsession required /lib/security/pam_limits.sosession required pam_limits.so4)# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfotmp =400m5)create directorymkdir -p /u01/app6)create group and user# /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall# /usr/sbin/groupadd dba# /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba -d /u01/app/oracle oracle# passwd oracle # chmod -R 755 /u01/apporacle user7) edit .bash_profileexport ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1export ORACLE_SID=orclexport PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/binexport NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8umask 022$ source .bash_profile 8)$./runInstaller静默安装:$ vi $DISTRIB/db_swonly.rsp#-#以下参数不要更改oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLYDECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true#以下参数根据实际情况更改,一般也无需更改UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstallINVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oracle/oraInventorySELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN,zh_TWORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleoracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EEoracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=trueoracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall#-各参数含义如下:-silent 表示以静默方式安装,不会有任何提示-force 允许安装到一个非空目录-noconfig 表示不运行配置助手netca-responseFile 表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径oracle.install.responseFileVersion 响应文件模板的版本,该参数不要更改oracle.install.option 安装选项,本例只安装oracle软件,该参数不要更改DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES 是否需要在线安全更新,设置为false,该参数不要更改ORACLE_HOSTNAME 安装主机名UNIX_GROUP_NAME oracle用户用于安装软件的组名INVENTORY_LOCATION oracle产品清单目录SELECTED_LANGUAGES oracle运行语言环境,一般包括引文和简繁体中文ORACLE_HOME Oracle安装目录ORACLE_BASE oracle基础目录oracle.install.db.InstallEdition 安装版本类型,一般是企业版oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall 是否定制安装,默认Partitioning,OLAP,RAT都选上了oracle.install.db.customComponents 定制安装组件列表:除了以上默认的,可加上Label Security和Database Vaultoracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP oracle用户用于授予OSDBA权限的组名oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP oracle用户用于授予OSOPER权限的组名也可使用有图形的机器,使用图形界面来生成responsfile:$ ./runInstaller &一步步设置到Summary页, 然后点击Save Response File按钮, 选择合适的存放路径并Finish后, 回到Summary页, 点击Cancel退出OUI1) 通过response文件静默安装, 大概2-3分钟:$ ./runInstaller -silent -force -noconfig -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_swonly.rsp控制台直到出现以下提示则表示安装完成:#-oraclexen_200_102 database$ The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the root user. #!/bin/sh #Root scripts to run/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.shTo execute the configuration scripts: 1. Open a terminal window 2. Log in as root 3. Run the scripts 4. Return to this window and hit Enter key to continue Successfully Setup Software.#-2) 安装期间查看安装日志信息了解安装进度:$ cd $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/logs$ tail -100f installActions*.log3) 安装的软件信息会写入inventory.xml文件, 如果需重运行则把该文件的对应安装条目信息删除即可:$ vi $ORACLE_BASE/oraInventory/ContentsXML/inventory.xml若本机第一次安装oracle软件, 则执行orainstRoot.sh来建立oraInst.loc文件和修改权限:$ su -# /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh# more /etc/oraInst.loc执行$ORACLE_HOME下的root.sh来建立oratab,dbhome,oraenv,coraenv文件, 如果提示则一直回车:# /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh# more /etc/oratab 静默配置监听通过response文件运行netca, 生成sqlnet.ora和listener.ora文件, 位于$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin目录下:# su - oracle$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile $DISTRIB/response/netca.rsp$ ll $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/*.ora$ lsnrctl status执行完后, 监听就已经启动了, 默认端口是1521, 默认是动态监听, 只要实例启动了就会监听到. 静默建库1) 生成响应文件模板:$ vi /tmp/database/response/db_create.rsp#-#以下参数不要更改GENERALRESPONSEFILE_VERSION = 11.2.0OPERATION_TYPE = createDatabase#以下参数必须设置CREATEDATABASEGDBNAME = orcl.LKTEMPLATENAME = General_Purpose.dbc#以下参数不设置则使用默认值,建议设置CHARACTERSET = AMERICAN_AMERICA.UTF8TOTALMEMORY = 1024#-2) dbca静默建库, 大概3-4分钟:种子数据库和控制文件位于$ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/下, 即Seed_Database.dfb和Seed_Database.ctl文件, 实际上建库就是基于通过rman恢复种子数据库和控制文件来实现的.$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_create.rspEnter SYS user password: Enter SYSTEM user password: Copying database files.37% completeCreating and starting Oracle instance.62% completeCompleting Database Creation.100% completeLook at the log file /u01/app/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCL/ORCL.log for further details.各参数含义如下:-silent 表示以静默方式安装-responseFile 表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径RESPONSEFILE_VERSION 响应文件模板的版本,该参数不要更改OPERATION_TYPE 安装类型,该参数不要更改GDBNAME 全局数据库名,点号前面默认是db_name,点号后面默认就是db_domainTEMPLATENAME 建库模板名,参考各模板定义:$ORACLE_HOME/assistants/dbca/templates/*.dbcCHARACTERSET 字符集,默认是WE8MSWIN1252TOTALMEMORY 实例内存,默认是服务器物理内存的40%3) 安装期间查看日志信息了解进度:$ tail -100f $ORACLE_BASE/cfgtoollogs/dbca/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID.log4) 建库后实例检查$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep | wc -l21$ ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v greporacle 1855 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_pmon_ORCLoracle 1857 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_vktm_ORCLoracle 1861 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_gen0_ORCLoracle 1863 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_diag_ORCLoracle 1865 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbrm_ORCLoracle 1867 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_psp0_ORCLoracle 1869 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_dia0_ORCLoracle 1871 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_mman_ORCLoracle 1873 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_dbw0_ORCLoracle 1875 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_lgwr_ORCLoracle 1877 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_ckpt_ORCLoracle 1879 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_smon_ORCLoracle 1881 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_reco_ORCLoracle 1883 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmon_ORCLoracle 1885 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_mmnl_ORCLoracle 1887 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_d000_ORCLoracle 1889 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_s000_ORCLoracle 1969 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_qmnc_ORCLoracle 1985 1 0 10:07 ? 00:00:00 ora_cjq0_ORCLoracle 2003 1 0 10:08 ? 00:00:00 ora_q000_ORCLoracle 2005 1 0 10:08 ? 00:00:00 ora_q001_ORCL5) 建库后监听检查$ lsnrctl status.Services Summary.Service ORCL.LK has 1 instance(s). Instance ORCL, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service.Service ORCLXDB.LK has 1 instance(s). Instance ORCL, status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service.The command completed successfully实例应该被动态注册到监听程序了. 如果未被动态注册到监听程序, 则可以手工注册:$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Sep 16 11:11:46 2009Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.Connected to:Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit ProductionWith the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options$SQL alter system register;6) 改为归档模式并重启$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL shutdown immediate;SQL startup mount;SQL alter database archivelog;SQL alter database flashback on; (如果要启用数据库闪回功能则执行)SQL alter database open;SQL execute utl_recomp.recomp_serial(); (重新编译所有可能失效对象)SQL alter system archive log current; (手工归档测试)到此建库完毕!7) 默认安装的数据库用户:SQL set lines 256 pages 500SQL select USER_ID,USERNAME,ACCOUNT_STATUS,DEFAULT_TABLESPACE from dba_users order by 1; USER_ID USERNAME ACCOUNT_STATUS DEFAULT_TABLESPACE- - - - 0 SYS OPEN SYSTEM 5 SYSTEM OPEN SYSTEM 9 OUTLN EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSTEM 14 DIP EXPIRED & LOCKED USERS 21 ORACLE_OCM EXPIRED & LOCKED USERS 30 DBSNMP EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 31 APPQOSSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 32 WMSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 42 EXFSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 43 CTXSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 45 XDB EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 46 ANONYMOUS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 53 ORDSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 54 ORDDATA EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 55 ORDPLUGINS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 56 SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 57 MDSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 61 OLAPSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 65 MDDATA EXPIRED & LOCKED USERS 67 SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR EXPIRED & LOCKED USERS 70 SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR EXPIRED & LOCKED USERS 72 SYSMAN EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 74 MGMT_VIEW EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSTEM 75 FLOWS_FILES EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 76 APEX_PUBLIC_USER EXPIRED & LOCKED USERS 78 APEX_030200 EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 79 OWBSYS EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 83 OWBSYS_AUDIT EXPIRED & LOCKED SYSAUX 84 SCOTT EXPIRED & LOCKED USERS2147483638 XS$NULL EXPIRED & LOCKED USERS30 rows selected.8) 默认安装的组件:SQL col COMP_ID format a8col COMP_NAME format a35col VERSION format a12col schema format a12col OTHER_SCHEMAS format a45SQL select comp_id,comp_name,version,schema,other_schemas from dba_registry order by 1;COMP_ID COMP_NAME VERSION SCHEMA OTHER_SCHEMAS- - - - -AMD OLAP Catalog 11.2.0.1.0 OLAPSYSAPEX Oracle Application Express 3.2.1.00.10 APEX_030200 FLOWS_FILESAPS OLAP Analytic Workspace 11.2.0.1.0 SYSCATALOG Oracle Database Catalog Views 11.2.0.1.0 SYSCATJAVA Oracle Database Java Packages 11.2.0.1.0 SYSCATPROC Oracle Database Packages and Types 11.2.0.1.0 SYS APPQOSSYS,DBSNMP,DIP,ORACLE_OCM,OUTLN,SYSTEMCONTEXT Oracle Text 11.2.0.1.0 CTXSYSEM Oracle Enterprise Manager 11.2.0.1.0 SYSMANEXF Oracle Expression Filter 11.2.0.1.0 EXFSYSJAVAVM JServer JAVA Virtual Machine 11.2.0.1.0 SYSORDIM Or