江苏省南京市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（2）.doc

阅读理解选练（2）【2014高考英语广东省华侨中学四模】b阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。 in modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.i have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. for them, playing well and winning are often life-and-death affairs. in their single-minded pursuit of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten. however, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. in a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. teaching these young people, i often observe in them a desire to fail. they seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. by not trying, they always have an excuse: “i may have lost, but it doesnt matter because i really didnt try.” what is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. such a loss would be a measure of their worth. clearly, this belief is the same as that of true competitors who try to prove themselves. both are based on the mistaken belief that ones self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. both are afraid of not being valued. only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.31. what does this passage mainly talk about?a. competition helps to set up self-respect.b. opinions about competition are different among people.c. competition is harmful to personal quality development.d. failures are necessary experience in competition.32. why do some people favor competition according to the passage?a. it pushes society forward.b. it builds up a sense of duty.c. it improves personal abilities.d. it encourages individual efforts.33. the underlined phrase “the most vocal” in paragraph 3 means _.a. those who try their best to winb. those who value competition most highlyc. those who are against competition most stronglyd. those who rely on others most for success34. what is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?a. ones worth lies in his performance compared with others.b. ones success in competition needs great efforts.c. ones achievement is determined by his particular skills.d. ones success is based on how hard he has tried.35. which point of view may the author agree to?a. every effort should be paid back.b. competition should be encouraged.c. winning should be a life-and-death matter.d. fear of failure should be removed in competition.【参考答案】31-35. bacad 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。there are plenty of good reasons to buy organic products, but nutrition may not be one of them, suggests a new study, which found no difference in antioxidant (抗氧化剂) levels between organically and conventionally (常规地) grown onions, carrots, and potatoes. the study only looked at three types of vegetables and just a few select nutrients. but the experiment was part of a bigger project that was so systematic and strictly controlled that the findings likely apply to other crops, too. “giving preference to organic products because they contain more bioactive components is doubtful and not supported by scientific evidence,” knuthsen said. “still, there are many good reasons for the consumer to select organic food products, including absence of pesticide residues (农药残留) in foods, animal welfare, and environmental protections.”argument over whether organic produce is more nutritious than conventional varieties has been around for at least a decade, said jeffrey blumberg, director of the antioxidants research laboratory at tufts university in boston. “some studies have suggested that organically grown plants contain higher levels of healthful antioxidants, possibly because some antioxidants act as natural fungicides (杀真菌剂), pesticides and insecticides,” he said. “the idea is that, without help from industrial chemicals, plants on organic farms need to work harder to protect themselves. they end up becoming more nutritious as a result.” but plenty of other studies have shown no such relationship. “i understand that organic farmers would love to be able to say that theirs are super-fruits and super-vegetables because there are higher amounts of these compounds in them,” blumberg said. “if you want to buy them because you think theyre safer for the planet to grow things that way, or because you think pesticides are bad for you or your family, or you like that they come from a shorter distance away, thats great.”“but if you want to buy them because theyre more nutritious, youre confused, and we dont know if thats true or not.”1. the new study proves that. a. there are plenty of good reasons to buy organic produceb. nutrition is one of the good reasons to buy organic producec. some organically and conventionally grown foods have the same antioxidant levelsd. organic produce is harmful to our health2. why do people prefer organic products? a. because they think organic products have no bioactive components. b. because scientific evidence supports organic products can make them stronger. c. because its proved that organic produce is more nutritious than conventional varieties. d. because they think organic food products have no harmful things. 3. the fourth paragraph mainly tells us. a. its unclear whether organic produce is more nutritious than conventional varietiesb. organically grown plants contain higher levels of healthful antioxidantsc. plants on organic farms need to work harder to protect themselvesd. plenty of other studies have shown no such relationship 4. which is not the reason for you to buy organic products according to blumberg? a. there are higher amounts of these compounds in them. b. theyre safer for the planet to grow things that way. c. pesticides are bad for you or your family. d. they are more nutritious. 【参考答案】14、cdad阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。exploit your parking spacean unused parking space or garage can make money. if you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to 200 or 300 a week. put an advertisement(广告)for free on letpark or atmyhousepark.rent(出租)a roomspare room? not only will a lodger(房客)earn you an income, but also, thanks to the governmentbacked “rent a room” program, you wont have to pay any tax on the first 4,500 you make per year. try advertising your room on roomspare or roommateeasy.make money during special eventsdont want a fulltime lodger? then rent on a shortterm basis. if you live in the capital, renting a room out during the olympics or other big events could bring in money. grashpadder can advertise your space. live on set renting your home out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. a quick search on the internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for freebut you will be charged if your home gets picked.use your roofyou need the right kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. in return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the national grid. however, you have to sign a 25year agreement with the supplier, which could prevent you from changing the roof.如果你拥有自己的多余的房子，房间或停车场，如果你按照作者告诉你的上述做法去做，会轻松地挣到大钱。1if you earn 5,000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on _.a300 b500c4,500 d5,000答案：b。数字计算题。根据第二个段落的信息句“.wont have to pay any tax for the first 4,500”，可以明确：所挣得的4500磅是不用缴税的，即：需要缴税的是多于这个数字的钱，本题中，该是500磅需要缴税。2where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?aon letpark. bon roomspare.con grashpadder. don roommateeasy.答案：c。细节判断题。 根据第三个段落的最后一句话可以找到明确的答案，即选项c是正确的。3if you want to use energy free, you have to _.asign an agreement with the governmentbpay around 14,000 for the equipmentcsell the roof to some energy companiesdkeep the roof unchanged within 25 years答案：d。推理判断题。在最后一段中的最后一句话里含有本答案的信息： “25year agreement”以及“prevent you from changing your roof”都可以断定选项d的说法是符合原文的。4for whom is the text most probably written?alodgers. b. advertisers.chouse owners. donline companies.答案：c。推理判断题。从每个段落都可以确定：这是个能够对外出租停车位，房间，房顶等的人，即：是个house owner，选项c是正确的。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a.b.c和d项中，选出最佳选项。a few common misconceptions. beauty is only skin-deep. one s physical assets and liabilities don t count all that much in a managerial career. a woman should always try to look her best. over the last 30 years, social scientists have conducted more than 1,000 studies of how we react to beautiful and not- so-beautiful people. the virtually unanimous conclusion: looks do matter, more than most of us realize. the data suggest, for example, the physically attractive individuals are more likely to be treated well by their parents, sought out as friends, and pursued romantically. with the possible exception of women seeking managerial jobs they are also more likely to be hired, paid well, and promoted. un-american, you say, unfair and extremely unbelievable? once again, the scientists have caught us mouthing pieties (虔诚) while acting just the contrary. their typical experiment works something like this. they give each member of a group-college students, perhaps, or teachers or corporate personnel managers a piece of paper relating an individual s accomplishments. attached to the paper is a photograph. while the papers all say exactly the same thing the pictures are different. some show a strikingly attractive person, some an average-looking character, and some an unusually unattractive human being. group members are asked to rate the individual on certain attributes, anything from personal warmth to the likelihood that he or she will be promoted. almost invariably, the better looking the person in the picture, the higher the person is rated. in the phrase, borrowed from sappho, that the social scientists use to sum up the common perception, what is beautiful is good. in business, however, good looks cut both ways for women, and deeper than for men. a utah state university professor, who is an authority on the subject, explains: in terms of their careers, the impact of physical attractiveness on males is only modest. but its potential impact on females can be tremendous, making it easier, for example, for the more attractive to get jobs where they are in the public eye. on another note, though, there is enough literature now for us to conclude that attractive women who aspire (追求) to managerial positions do not get on as well as who may be less attractive. 56. in beauty is only skin-deep, skin-deep can be replaced by_.a. decorating b. superficial c. expressive d. demanding 57. ones physical assets and liabilities don t count all that much in a managerial career.(paral) can be interpretated as_. a. whether or not one looks good or bad, it doesn t affect much one s managerial career b. in one s managerial career, he may deal with cases like assets and liabilities c. in one s managerial career, he may rarely deal with cases like assets and liabilities d. whether or not one looks good or bad, it may affect much one s managerial career 58. the result of research carried out by social scientists show that_. a. people do not realize the importance of looking one s best b. women in pursuit