人教版高一英语必修三重点点拨学案：Unit 4 Period One Word版含答案.doc

spacemodern astrology tells us the stars are all globes，like our sun，far away in space.however，in the ancient times people were not able to explain many natural things in a scientific way，so they turned to imagination and explained what they saw with beautiful stories.in china we also have a lot of old stories about the sun，the moon and the stars，such as “the herd boy niulang and the weaving girl zhin”，etc.nowadays modern science and technology has brought man into outer space.people have realized the dream to walk on the moon.they even sent home devices to mars.and，our china-made “shen zhou” spaceships have also entered space.it is said in not far future，chinese astronauts will set their steps on the moon，too.man-made satellites launched in space has become an important part of our ordinary life.they are used to provide weather forecasts，take photos of the earth，connect international calls and help people worldwide to find their exact location.太空现代占星学告诉我们星体即球体，像太空中遥远的太阳。但是，古代人们不能用科学的方法来解释很多自然现象，因此，他们就通过想象用美丽的故事来解释他们所看到的事情。在中国我们也有很多关于太阳，月亮和星星的古老的故事，如“牛郎织女”等。现在，现代科技已经把人类带入了外太空。人们已经实现了月球漫步的梦想。他们甚至把家用设施发射到火星上去了。我们中国制造的“神舟”宇宙飞船也已进入太空。据说，在不久的将来中国也将踏上月球。人造卫星发射到太空也已经成为我们普通生活的一部分。他们被用来提供天气预报，给地球拍照，连接国际电话以及帮助全球的人定位。period onewarming up & readingpre-reading匹配左边的单词和右边的汉语意思第一组1astronomya太阳的；日光的2solar b宗教；宗教信仰3system c天文学4religion d原子5atom e系统；体系；制度答案1.c2.a3.e4.b5.d第二组6violent a大气层；气氛7carbon b碳8atmosphere c基本的；基础的9fundamental d猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的10dissolve e溶解；解散答案6.d7.b8.a9.c10.e第三组11acid a氧12chain b链子；连锁；锁链13multiply c酸14oxygen d两栖动物15amphibian e乘；增加答案11.c12.b13.e14.a15.d第四组16reptile a哺乳动物17dinosaur b恐龙18mammal c因此；于是19thus d爬行动物；爬虫20dioxide e二氧化物答案16.d17.b18.a19.c20.e.do you know the eight planets circling around the sun in our solar system？if so，please match them with the chinese meaning.1uranusa水星2venus b金星3earth c海王星4mars d天王星5mercury e木星6jupiter f地球7neptune g火星8saturn h土星答案1.d2.b3.f4.g5.a6.e7.c8.h.what do you know about the origin of life on the earth?答案略.skim the text and choose the best answer.the text mainly tells us .ahow the earth came into beingbthe development of humanscthe formation of the earth and the development of life on itdhow life appeared on the earth答案c.match each paragraph with its main idea.para.1ahow humans appeared and what effects they had on the earth.para.2 bwater is very important to life on the earth.para.3 chow the earth formed.para.4 dhow the plants and animals on the earth developed.para.5 eit is widely accepted that the universe began with a “big bang”答案para.1：epara.2：cpara.3：bpara.4：dpara.5：aread the passage carefully and choose the best answers.1why was life able to develop on the earth but not on other planets?abecause the earth had a solid shape.bbecause the earth did not have harmful gases in its atmosphere.cbecause water stayed on the earth but not on other planets.dbecause the earth was neither too hot nor too cold.答案c2why was it necessary for plants to grow before animals?abecause animals needed plants to protect them from the sun.bbecause plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe.cbecause animals could hide from hunters in the forest.dbecause it was easier for plants to grow.答案b3what is the correct order according to the passage?the clever animals with hands and feet appeared and spread all over the earth.the “big bang”small plants began to appear on the surface of the water.65 million years ago，the age of the dinosaurs ended.a bc d答案d4early humans appeared after dinosaurs died out million years later.a67.6 b62.4 c65 d140答案b5what is the main idea of the text?athe formation of the earth.bthe arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.cthe development of plants and animals on the earth.dthe origin of life on the earth.答案dafter understanding the passage，please fill in the following blanks.the earth was just 1.a cloud of dust after the “big bang”the earth exploded 2.loudly(loud) with fire and rock.they were in time to produce many things，which were 3.to make(make) the earths atmosphere.as the earth cooled down，water began to appear on its surface.it allowed the earth to dissolve 4.harmful(harm) gases.then life began to develop.small plants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.this encouraged the 5.development(develop) of early shellfish and fish.land animals such as insects，reptiles and dinosaurs 6.appeared(appear) after green plants began to grow.small clever animals spread all 7.over the earth.they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,8.which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.9.whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can 10.be solved(solve)1no one knows exactly how the earth began，as it happened so long ago.句式分析本句为复合句，how引导的是宾语从句；as引导的是原因状语从句。自主翻译没有人确切地知道地球是怎样形成的，因为在很早以前它就形成了。2what is even more important is that as the earth cooled down，water began to appear on its surface.句式分析本句为复合句，what引导的是主语从句；that引导的是表语从句，在表语从句中又含有一个as引导的伴随状语从句。自主翻译更为重要的是，随着地球的冷却，地球的表面开始出现了水。3so whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.句式分析本句为复合句。so whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come是主语从句；whether this problem can be solved是宾语从句，作介词on的宾语。自主翻译所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。.阅读理解athe earth is the only planet that scientists think has life.why does the earth have life while the other planets(行星) dont？for one thing，the earth has just the right temperature.as the third planet from the sun，the earth seems to be just the right distance away.the planets which are closer to the sun are so hot because their surfaces are baked(烘烤) in the sun.the farthest planets are cold balls.when the earth developedwhich scientists believe may have happened about 4 billion years agomany gases covered the earth.the gases caused the earth to be hot.but something wonderful happened.the temperature was just right for thick clouds to form.it rained very hard for a very long time.this gave the earth its oceans.water made it possible for plants to grow.the plants created oxygen in the atmosphere.oxygen is the gas that humans and animals breathe.another planet in the solar system seems to be something like the earth.that planet is mars(火星)mars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler.but it is not too cold for humans.on some days，the temperatures are as low as a winter day in the northern united states.if you wore a special space suit，you could walk around on mars.you would have to bring your own air to breathe，as the air on mars is too thin to breathe.mars has the largest volcano(火山) in the solar system.it is sixteen miles high.the highest volcano on the earth is five miles high.the most unexpected sight on mars is dried-up river beds.scientists believe that mars was once much better than it is now.does this mean there could have been living things on mars？scientists are not sure，but there has been no sign so far.语篇解读地球适合人类生存在于它有足够的氧气、适宜的温度等。科学家发现火星存在适合人类生存的条件。1which of the following is not the reason why the earth has life?athe earth has just the right temperature.bthe volcanoes on the earth are lower than those on mars.cthere is oxygen in the atmosphere of the earth.dthe earth seems to be just the right distance away from the sun.答案b解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的第四句和第二段中的最后两句可知，地球是可证实的唯一有生命存在的太阳系行星，其原因包括地球合适的温度、与太阳距离适中和大气里含有氧气等。b项中的火山与此无关。2the underlined phrase “the third planet” in the first paragraph refers to the .asun bmoon cearth dmars答案c解析词义猜测题。根据第一段内容可知距离太阳第三远的行星指的是地球。3which of the following about mars is not true?athere could have been living things on mars.bmars has the largest volcano in the solar system.cthere is almost no oxygen in the air on mars.dmars is smaller than the earth，and it is quite a bit cooler.答案a解析推理判断题。从最后一段中的“.dried-up river beds”和最后两句可知，火星上有干涸河床的迹象，但这一点并不能证实火星上存在过生命，因为没有发现生命迹象，故a项不正确。其他三项都与文章相符。bglenn was born on july 18,1921，in cambridge and grew up in nearby new concord，ohio.he started his flying career as a fighter pilot.later，glenn took a dangerous job as a test pilot，flying new planes to see if they were safe.in the late 1950s，a “space race” began between the us.and the soviet union.both countries wanted to be the first to send a human into space，including to the moon.in 1961，a russian astronaut，yuri gagarin，orbited earth.but the space race was not over yet.glenns chance to go into space came on february 20,1962.by that time，another american，alan bshepard，had flown in space，but he had not orbited earth.glenns flight was aired live on television and radio.americans everywhere stopped to watch.glenns friendship 7 capsule circled the planet three times.a faulty equipment led glenn to believe the capsule might burn up on its return to earth，but in the end it splashed down safely in the atlantic ocean.he became the first american to orbit earth in a spaceship.in 1984，glenn ran for president，but he did not get enough support and dropped out of the race.glenn returned to space on october 29,1998，when he was 77.he spent nine days on the space shuttle discovery.glenn went so that scientists could know the effects of space travel on older people.he holds the record for being the oldest person in space.glenn died on thursday，december 8,2016，at the age of 95.glenn refused to see himself as a hero.he preferred to focus on his work and said，“if there is one thing ive learned in my years on this planet，its that the happiest people ive known are those who devoted themselves to something bigger and more meaningful than merely their own self-interest.”语篇解读飞行员glenn是第一个坐宇宙飞船绕地球飞行的美国人。他拒绝别人把他当作英雄，他认为致力于有意义的事情的人是最幸福的。4what do we know about john glenn?ahe worked as a fighter pilot in all his life.bhe succeeded in the race for president in 1984.che competed with another pilot alan bshepard in a space race.dhe was the first american to circle earth successfully.答案d解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，他成为第一个坐宇宙飞船绕地球飞行的美国人。故选d。5what happened during glenns return to earth?athe capsule opened while circling earth.bone part of the equipment went wrong.cthe capsule was on fire all of a sudden.dthe spaceship stopped working halfway.答案b解析细节理解题。根据第三段中的“a faulty equipment led glenn to believe the capsule might burn up on its return to earth，but.”可知选b。6why did glenn return to space in 1998?ato prove the safety of the new space shuttle.bto get support for his running for president.cto test how space travel affected the elderly.dto become the oldest person in space by orbiting earth.答案c解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二、三、四句可知，在1998年glenn回到太空是为了测试太空旅行对老年人的影响。故选c。7what can we learn from glenns words in the last paragraph?aselfish people care for their own interest.bhappy people are likely to succeed easily.che has known most of the successful people.dthe people who work for others are the happiest.答案d解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“.its that the happiest people ive known are those who devoted themselves to something bigger and more meaningful than merely their own self-interest.”可知，glenn认为致力于做有意义的事情的人是最幸福的。故选d。ci had the meanest mother in the whole world.while other kids ate candies for breakfast，i had to have porridge，eggs or toast.when others had cokes and candies for lunch，i had to eat a sandwich.but at least i wasnt alone when i was sad.my sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as i did.my mother preferred to know where we were at all times.she had to know who our friends were and where we were going.we had to clean clothes and take a bath every day.the other kids got to wear the same clothes for days.we could not lie in bed “sick” in order to miss school.the worst is yet to come.we had to be in bed by nine each night and get up at eight the next morning.we couldnt sleep till noon like our friends.so while they slept，my mother was brave to break the child labor law.she made us work.we had to wash dishes，make beds，and learn to cook and all kinds of things at home.i believe she lay awake thinking up all things for us to do.my mother was a complete failure as a mother.two of her children received higher education.none of us have ever been taken away by the police or divorced(离婚)so she forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults.i am now trying to raise my three children this way.i am filled with pride when my children call me “mean”why？because now i thank god every day for giving me the meanest mother in the world.语篇解读本文主要讲了作者的妈妈对她和她的兄弟姐妹们很严格，虽然作者小时候很讨厌这样，但是当作者长大后才明白，妈妈这样做是为了让他们变得更优秀，作者很感激自己的妈妈。8how did the author prove her mother was mean?aby telling stories.bby giving examples.cby showing other peoples opinions.dby showing the bad results of he mothers actions.答案b解析写作手法题。通读全文可知，作者在文章前三段写到了妈妈“mean”的具体表现，故作者是通过举例子的方法证明自己的观点的。9the authors mother made her children work because .ashe had trouble getting to sleepbshe had no time to do the houseworkcshe was teaching her children to live by themselvesdshe couldnt keep such a big family without her childrens help答案c解析推理判断题。文章倒数第二段讲到作者的妈妈让他们做家务，结合常识可知，作者的妈妈这样做是想让他们学会自理。10what can we infer from the text?athe author is strict with her children.bthe author is not happy to have such a mean mother.cthe authors mother broke the child labor law to make money.dthe authors mother failed to educate her children to be honest.答案a解析推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第四句可知，作者也是用妈妈教育他们的方法教育自己的孩子，所以她对自己的孩子很严格。11from the text we learn that the author .adislikes her motherbis very grateful to her mothercis polite to her motherdis tired of her mother答案b解析作者态度题。根据文中最后三句可知，作者很感激她的妈妈。.七选五the way to lift up your moodeveryone has periods in their lives when everything seems very hard，theres nobody to talk to and the mood(情绪) is just getting worse and worse. 1 the first thing you should try is socializing and thinking positively.its very hard，because usually when we feel sad，we lock ourselves at home and try to think about all the bad things we have.but if you try to force yourself and call a friend fo