译林版必修三unit 1 the world of our senses language points学案.docx

.核心必记单词1.sense n.感觉；观念；vt.感到；理解sensitive adj. 敏感的sensible adj.明智的2.confuse vt.使糊涂，使迷惑confusing adj.令人困惑的，难懂的confused adj.感到困惑的3.observe vt.观察；注意到；评论4.glance vi.& n.瞥一眼，匆匆看5.approach vi.& vt.靠近，接近；着手处理；n.靠近；方法；路径6.hesitate vi.犹豫，迟疑不决hesitation n.犹豫，踌躇7.stare vi.凝视，盯着看8.anxious adj.焦虑，忧虑anxiously adv.忧虑地，不安地；渴望地anxiety n.焦虑，忧虑；渴望9.aid n.&vt.帮助10.relief n.轻松，宽慰relieve vt.解除；减轻，缓和11.reduce vt.& vi.减少reduction n.减少；降低12.volunteer n.志愿者；vi.& vt.自愿做，义务做voluntary adj.志愿的；自愿的，主动的13.recognize vt.认识，辨认出；意识到；(正式)承认recognition n.认识，认出；承认，认可14.ignore vt.忽视；对不予理会ignorance n.无知，不知情ignorant adj.无知的，不了解的15.suit n.套装；vt.适合，满足需要suitable adj.合适的，适当的，适宜的16.attach vt.使连在一起，把附在上；认为重要17.whisper vi.& vt.小声说；私下说18.contrary adj.相反的；n.相反的事实或情况19.attract vt.吸引attractive adj.吸引人的；有魅力的20.calm adj.镇静的，沉着的，平静的；vt.& vi.使平静，镇静21.panic vi.& n.惊慌，恐慌22.likely adj.可能的unlikely adj.不太可能的unlike prep.不像；与不同.阅读识记单词23.raised adj.凸起的24.sign n.符号，标志；迹象25.forecast vt.& n.预测，预报26.conductor n.(公交车)售票员；(乐队)指挥27.nowhere adv.无处，到处都不28.wherever adv.& conj.无论哪里29.narrow adj.狭窄的30.grasp vt.抓紧，抓牢31.firmly adv.牢牢地，坚定地firm n.公司；商行；商号；adj.坚硬的；牢固的；坚定的32.grateful adj.感激的，表示感谢的33.analyse vt.分析analysis n.分析；分析结果34.puzzle n.谜，疑问；vt.迷惑，使困惑35.distance n.距离；远处distant adj.遥远的；不友好的；冷淡的；疏远的36.disability n.缺陷；伤残disabled adj.残疾的；有缺陷的37.loose adj.松动的，松开的；宽松的；vt.松开，释放38.employ vt.使用；雇佣employee n.雇员employer n.雇主语境活用用所给词的正确形式填空1.she seemed so content in her observation(observe).i didnt want to mess with that.2.without hesitation(hesitate)，i decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day.(2015浙江)3.anxious(anxiety) all the time，i was unable to keep focused for more than an hour at a time.4.as far as im concerned，running not only is a good way to build up our strength but also helps us relax and relieve(relief) the pressure of learning.5.as we all know，the disabled(disability) are also important members of our society.6.sometimes children do dangerous things out of ignorance(ignore).7.when he returned to his hometown after the war，he found it had changed beyond all recognition(recognize).8.no matter how attractive(attract) they look in the store，once i get them home theyre unfailingly dry，hard，and tasteless.9. many young workers gave up their days off to do voluntary(volunteer) labour.10.they believe that their employees(employ) need constant supervision if they are to work effectively.(2016上海)1.in sight看得到，在视力范围内2.reach out伸出(手)3.watch out for留心，密切注意4.come to ones aid 来帮某人5.in relief放松地6.make no difference没有区别，没有意义7.without hesitation毫不犹豫地8.make progress取得进步9.work out想出；解决；锻炼10.contrary to与相反11.mistake a for b把a错当成b12.attach importance to认为很重要 语境活用用上述黑体短语的正确形式填空1.the researchers also found that iq and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.2.things will turn for the better if we can work out some participation rules for people to obey. (2016江苏)3.what makes her unhappy is that she is often mistaken for her twin sister.4.do watch out for spelling mistakes when you check your homework.5.the rain was heavy but，contrary to our fears，our fields were not flooded.6.peace was in sight after five years of war.1.find宾语宾语补足语polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。2.rather than而不是while having dinner，listen to some enjoyable music rather than watch television. 吃饭的时候听一些好听的音乐而不是看电视。3.倍数的表达法dont be frightened by sharks：you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率可能要比被鲨鱼攻击的几率大30倍。句式仿写1.他们碰见她独自一人神色忧郁地走在海滩上。they found her walking alone and depressed on the beach.2.当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧时，我们会收获颇多。(2016浙江)we can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than divide us.3.我们班的学生人数比他们班多两倍。there are twice more students in our class than in theirs.1.感官方面的名词(1)sight视觉(2)hearing听觉(3)touch触觉(4)smell嗅觉(5)taste味觉2.天气方面的形容词(1)foggy 有雾的(2)sunny阳光明媚的(3)rainy下雨的(4)snowy下雪的(5)windy刮风的3.感谢荟萃(1)grateful adj.感激的(2)gratitude n.感激(3)appreciate v.感激(4)appreciation n.感激4.“动词-sis”名词(1)analyseanalysis分析(2)basebasis基础5.“v.out”短语面面观(1)burn out (火)燃尽；烧毁(2)knock out摧毁；击倒(3)work out想出；解决(4)hand out分发；发放(5)look out当心；小心(6)run out用完；用尽6.“relief”短语集锦(1)to ones relief令某人松了一口气(2)in relief如释重负，轻松地(3)what a relief！真让我放心！(4)disaster relief灾难救援 sense n.感觉；观念；理性vt.感到；理解，领会拓展词：sensitive adj.敏感的；易受影响的；灵敏的sensible adj.明智的；意识到的(1)make sense 讲的通；有道理make sense of理解；弄懂in a sense在某种意义上in no sense 决不(位于句首时，句子要部分倒装)(2)be sensitive to对敏感(3)be sensible of意识到；认识到(1)we read it through，but could not make sense of it.我们看了一遍，但不明白它说些什么。(2)i learned that a fish is a cold-blooded animal and therefore is very sensitive to water temperature.我得知鱼是冷血动物，因此对水温很敏感。(3)are you sensible of the dangers of your position?你觉察出你处境中的危险了吗？句式升级 (4)the issue can in no sense be said to be resolved.(改为倒装句)in no sense can the issue be said to be resolved. confuse vt.使糊涂；使迷惑；使为难拓展词：confused adj.困惑的confusing adj.令人困惑的confusion n.困惑；糊涂；混淆(1)confuse.with/and.把和混淆(2)be/get confused with/about对感到困惑(1)i cant see how anyone could confuse you with/and another!我不明白怎么会有人把你和另外一个人搞混！(2)she had confused feelings about him.她对他有一些混杂的情绪。句式升级(3)he was confused with the present situation so he didnt know what to do next.(用形容词短语作状语改写)confused with the present situation，he didnt know what to do next. observe vt.看到；注意到；观察；评论；遵守；庆祝拓展词：observation n.观察；观察力observe sb.do sth.观察/注意某人做了某事(强调动作的全过程)observe sb.doing sth.看到某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行)写出下列句子中黑体词的汉语意思(1)though having lived abroad for years，many chinese still observe traditional customs.遵守(2)as often happens，people with good eyesight fail to see what is right in front of them，for they have too much to observe.观察(3)could you tell me how you usually observe thanksgiving day in your country？庆祝(4)the police observed a man enter the bank.看到；注意到易错点拨observe sb.do sth.改为被动语态时，省去的不定式符号to要还原上，即：sb.be observed to do sth.。 glance vi.& n.瞥一眼；匆匆看(1)glance at看一眼，瞥一眼(2)at a glance看一眼，立刻at first glance乍一看；一看就give/take a glance at粗略地看一下(1)he must have sensed that i was looking at him.he suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“why are you staring at me like that？”他一定感觉到了我正在看他。他突然瞥了我一眼，轻轻地说：“你为什么那样盯着我看？(2)one could tell at a glance that she was a compassionate person.一眼就能看出她是个有同情心的人。词义辨析glance，glare，stare(1)glance指快速地看或瞥一眼。(2)glare侧重于怒视，暗含敌对或威胁的态度。(3)stare指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。用glance，glare，stare的正确形式填空(3)they didnt fight，but stood there glaring at each other.(4)she is so afraid of the big dog that she stares at it without moving a little.(5)the chairman glanced at his watch and announced the meeting was over. approach vt.& vi.靠近，接近；走近；接洽n.方法；接近；通道，路径；建议(1)an approach to.(做某事的)方法/途径；接近，靠近at the approach of在快到的时候(2)be approaching正在/将要接近with.approaching 在快到的时候(1)since our research so far has not produced any answers to this problem，we need to adopt a different approach to it.由于我们的研究到目前为止还没有对这个问题得出任何答案，我们需要采取一种不同的方法。句式升级(2)the time for graduation is approaching and we are busy with our papers.with the time for graduation approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用with复合结构改写)as the time for graduation is approaching，we are busy with our papers.(用as引导的时间状语从句改写)易错点拨(1)approach表示“的方法/途径”时，后常接介词to；当表示某人或某物的来临时，其后常接介词of。(2)表示“来临”的表达有：be approaching，be drawing near，be around the corner等。 hesitate v.犹豫，踌躇，迟疑不决；顾虑，疑虑拓展词：hesitation n.犹豫(1)hesitate to do sth.迟疑地做某事；不愿做某事hesitate about/in/at/over对犹豫不决(2)without hesitation毫不犹豫地have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事一句多译我毫不犹豫地接受这个职位。(1)i wouldnt hesitate to accept/about accepting the post.(hesitate)(2)i would accept the post without hesitation.(hesitation)(3)i would have no hesitation in accepting the post.(hesitation) anxious adj.忧虑的；不安的；渴望的拓展词：anxiety n.担心；焦虑；渴望(1)be anxious for/about担心be anxious to do.渴望做(2)with anxiety (anxiously)焦急地(1)he was anxious about/for his family，who were travelling abroad.他担心在国外旅行的家眷。(2)we waited with anxiety/anxiously for our examination results.我们焦急地等待着考试结果。句式升级(3)she looked at her sick child and was very anxious.(用形容词短语作状语改写)she looked at her sick child，very anxious.易错点拨(1)anxiety表示抽象意义的“忧虑”“焦急”时，为不可数名词；表示具体意义的“焦虑或担心的事”时，则为可数名词。(2)anxiety表示“想得到某物或想做某事”时，其后通常跟不定式或“for名词”作定语。 aid n. u援助；救护；帮助；c辅助者；有助之物vt.帮助(1)first aid急救with the aid of在帮助下；借助于come/go to sb.s aid来/去帮助某人(2)aid sb.to do./in doing.帮助某人做aid sb.with.帮助某人(1)having learned that i was in trouble，he came to my aid without delay.得知我有麻烦后，他毫不迟延地前来帮助我。一句多译(2)我帮他继续他的研究。i aided him to continue his research.(aid sb.to do.)i aided him in continuing his research.(aid sb.in doing.)i aided him with his research.(aid sb.with.) relief n.(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物；宽慰拓展词：relieve v.减轻；解除relieved adj.宽慰的；宽心的(1)in relief如释重负；显著地；鲜明地its a relief to do sth.做是一种解脱。to ones relief (to the relief of sb.)令某人欣慰的是(2)relieve sb.of.解除某人的(负担、职务等)(1)it is a (great) relief to know youre safe.知道你平安无事也就放心了。(2)much to my relief，my son was eventually admitted to a key university.令我非常欣慰的是，我儿子最终被一所重点大学录取了。(3)the general was relieved of his office as a supreme commander.将军被解除了最高指挥官的职务。 recognize v.认识；辨认出；意识到；承认；赏识，表彰；向打招呼拓展词：recognition n.认出；认识(1)recognize.as/to be.把看作it is recognized that.人们公认(2)out of/beyond recognition 认不出来(1)i havent seen sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed out of/beyond recognition.从萨拉还是个小女孩时我就没有见过她，她已经变得认不出来了。一句多译(2)自1958以来，它就一直被视为以色列(israel)国家剧院。since 1958，it has been recognised as the national theatre of israel.since 1958，it has been recognized that it is the national theatre of israel. suit v.适合；(使)适宜；满足需要n.诉讼；恳求；套装拓展词：suitable adj.适当的；相配的(1)suit sb.适合某人suit ones needs适合某人的需要(2)a suit of一套(3)be suitable for适合于be suitable to do sth.适合做某事(1)the job suits well with his ability.这工作和他的能力很相称。(2)the film is suitable for children.这部电影适合孩子。句式升级(3)the challenge is finding suitable partners for them.(用动词suit和定语从句改写)the challenge is finding partners that suit them.词义辨析suit，match，fit(1)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等；指衣服合适时，多指颜色和款式合适。(2)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。(3)fit多指大小、形状合适，引申为“吻合，协调”。(4)用suit，match，fit的正确形式填空the size of the shirt fits me well and its color matches my tie，so it suits me. attach vt.使连在一起，把附在上；认为重要；使依恋 vi.与有联系拓展词：attached adj.喜爱的；依恋的；附属的attachment n.附件，附属物(1)attach sth.to.把某物连接到/附在attach oneself to依附；缠着attach importance/significance/value to.重视；认为重要/有意义/有价值(2)be attached to被连接到；爱慕；附属于(1)long-ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand.很久以前的建筑者们就把木棍绑到石头上，然后在沙地上滚动。(2)you attached great importance to what that man said.你很重视那个人说的话。句式升级(3)he is so attached to the network games that he often plays truant(逃课).so attached to the network games，he often plays truant.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)attaching himself to the network games so much，he often plays truant.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)so attached to the network games is he that he often plays truant.(改为倒装句) whisper v.耳语；低语；私语n.耳语；低语(1)whisper to sb.与某人耳语；小声说it is whispered that.据私下/秘密传闻(2)in a whisperin whispers 低声地一句多译人们小声说，他正在准备一个惊喜聚会。(1)people whispered that he was preparing a surprise party.(whisper v.)(2)people said in a whisper/in whispers that he was preparing a surprise party.(whisper n.)(3)people said in a low voice that he was preparing a surprise party.(voice)(4)it was whispered that he was preparing a surprise party.(it作形式主语) contrary adj.相反的n.相反的事实或情况(1)(be) contrary to与相反；违反；对抗(2)quite/just the contrary恰恰相反on the contrary相反；反之to the contrary与此相反(的)(1)you didnt bother me.just/quite the contrary，i like your company.你没有打扰我。恰恰相反，我喜欢你的陪伴。(2)he produced evidence to the contrary.他出示了相反的证据。(3) what many people thought，the graduate came here not to fame or money but the true value of life.(2017徐州沛县中学质检，29)a.on the contrary with；look forb.to the contrary of；hunt forc.opposite to；searchd.contrary to；seek答案d解析句意为：与许多人的想法正好相反，这个毕业生来这里不是追求名利的，而是追求生命的真正价值的。contrary to与相反；seek fame追求名誉。(4)does it rain a lot in this area? ，it hardly ever rains；the climate is like that of a desert.a.whats more b.in other wordsc.on the contrary d.as a result答案c解析句意为：这个地区雨量充沛吗？正好相反，几乎不下雨，气候就像沙漠的气候。whats more而且，更为甚者；in other words换句话说；on the contrary正好相反；as a result结果。易错点拨on the contrary与to the contrary均可表示“相反”，但前者主要用于加强语气，用以强调说话者对前面所提出的情况完全不同意；而后者则仅指反面的情况。 calm adj.镇静的，沉着的；风平浪静的；无风的v.(使)平静，(使)镇静(1)keep/be/stay calm保持镇静(2)calm down (使)平静/镇静下来(1)taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down.泰勒迅速的动作帮助队友冷静下来。(2)it is important to keep/stay/be calm in an emergency.在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。词义辨析calm，quiet，silent，still(1)calm平静的，沉着的，指无风浪或人的心情不激动。(2)quiet宁静的，安静的，指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。(3)silent寂静的，沉默的，指不说话或没有声音。(4)still静止的，不动的，指(人体等)不运动的。用calm，quiet，silent，still的正确形式填空(3)he spoke no english and was completely silent during the visit.(4)try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.(5)children find it difficult to sit still for very long.(6)the airlines have invested enormous sums in quieter，more efficient engines. panic (panicked，panicked) n.& v.恐慌；惊慌(1)in panic惊慌失措地；处在恐慌中get into a panic陷入恐慌(2)panic o doing sth.使某人惊慌地做某事panic over/about/at因而恐慌(1)the protests became more violent and many people were panicked into leaving the country.抗议变得更加激烈，许多人惊慌失措地离开了这个国家。一句多译(2)想到自己把作业丢了，她惊慌失措。she really got into a panic when she thought shed lost her homework.she was really in panic when she thought shed lost her homework.she really panicked at the thought that shed lost her homework. likely adj.有可能的adv.很可能(1)be likely to do.可能做it is likely that.可能not likely.不会；不可能。(2)it is possible (for sb.) to do.(某人)可能做it is possible that.可能it is probable that.可能(1)if the total stress in your life is over 150，you are very likely to get ill.如果你生活中的压力超过150，你就非常有可能生病了。(2)you are likely to suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.it is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。(3)it is possible that i will go there next week.it is possible for me to go there next week.下星期我有可能去那里。易错点拨英语中没有 it is likely for sb.to do.结构。(4)dont you think learning english wastes much time? .you havent got a proper method，i suppose.a.i hope notb.oh，i cant afford itc.not likelyd.exactly答案c解析考查交际用语。句意为：难道你不认为学习英语浪费了太多的时间吗？不见得，我想你可能没有找到一个正确的方法。i hope not我希望不是这样；oh，i cant afford it我支付不起；not likely不见得，不太可能；exactly确实。 in sight 看得到，在视线范围以内out of sight在视线之外at first sight乍一看at the sight of一看见catch sight of看见；瞥见lose sight of看不见；失去；忘记lose ones sight失明(1)there is no end in sight to the struggle for power.权力的争斗近期不会终止。用上述短语的正确形式填空(2)at the sight of this cruelty，they could hardly contain their anger.(3)he lost his sight in a traffic accident.(4)at the railway station，the mother waved goodbye to her daughter till the train was out of sight.(5)at first sight，it seems a silly question. (6)i caught sight of my former teacher just now，but he turned at a corner and i lost sight of him. reach out 伸出(手)(1)reach an agreement/a conclusion/a compromise/a decision达成共识/得出结论/达成妥协/做出决定reach for伸手去够(2)beyond/out of reach够不着的；力所不及的within reach够得着(1)we must reach out to those in need.我们应该伸出援助之手，帮助有困难的人。(2)always remember to put such dangerous things as knives beyond/out of childrens reach.时刻记住：这些危险物品，比如刀子，要放在孩子们够不着的地方。(3)my daughter is not tall enough to reach for the dishes.我女儿的身高还不能够到餐具。(4)dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within reach of little children.不要把火柴和香烟放在小孩能够得着的桌子上。 watch out for 当心，密切注意(1)watch over看守；监视；照顾(2)keep watch值班；放哨keep a watch on监视be on the watch for留神；注意；警戒on watch值班；守望用上述短语的正确形式填空(1)be careful！watch out for cyclists and other runners.(2)ill keep watch while you go through his papers.(3)it was night.suddenly the man on watch shouted.(4)she said all must keep a watch on the election process.(5)the guards were originally hired to watch over the houses as they were being built. polly found herself staring up at the face of an old man with a beard.波莉抬头看去，发现是一位长着络腮胡子的老人。(1)find后常跟复合结构，即“find宾语宾语补足语”。宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词等充当。(2)find后的宾语可用it来代替，而把真正的宾语(不定式、动名词、从句等)放在宾补后。(1)one early morning，i went into the living room to find my mother reading a thick book called best loved poems to read again and again.一天早晨，我走进卧室，看到妈妈正在读一本厚厚的名为best loved poems to read again and again的书。(2)we were astonished to find the temple still in its original condition.我们吃惊地发现那座庙仍然保持着原来的状况。(3)when we got there，we found the dog beaten to death already.我们到那里时，发现狗已经被打死了(4)mrs smith found it hard to solve the problem.smith夫人发现很难解决这个问题。 dont be frightened by sharks：you are 30 times more likely to be hit by lightning than be attacked by a shark.不要惧怕鲨鱼，因为你被闪电击中的几率可能要比被鲨鱼攻击的几率大30倍。倍数的表达法：(1)倍数比较级than(2)倍数as形容词/副词原级as其他(3)倍数the名词(size/height/length/width.)of.(4)倍数what从句(5)倍数that of.(1)this hill is four times the height of that small one.这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。(2)in our county now the grain output is six times that of before liberation.现在我们县的粮食产量相当于解放前的六倍。(3)the geography teacher tells us that china has almost the same size as the usa but its pop