北京市延庆县高考英语暑假阅读理解选练（4） (2).doc

北京市延庆县2016高考英语暑假阅读理解选练（4）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。isaac stern was more than a great violin player.he was one of the most honored musicians in the world.he was an international cultural ambassador.he was a major supporter of the arts in america and in other countries.he was a teacher and activist. isaac stern was born in 1920 in what is now ukraine.his parents moved to san francisco，california the following year.his mother began teaching isaac the piano when he was six. he began taking violin lessons after hearing a friend play the instrument.later，he began studying music at the san francisco conservatory(音乐学院)he progressed quickly.when he was 16，he played with the san francisco symphony orchestra.the next year，he performed in new york city and was praised by music critics. during world war ii ，mr.stern played for thousands of american soldiers.it was the first time many of them had heard classical music.after the war，he was the first american violinist to perform in a concert in the soviet union.he also supported young musicians and cultural organizations in israel. in 1979，isaac stern visited china.he met with chinese musicians and students.he taught them about classical western music.his visit was made into a film，which is called from mao to mozart：isaac stern in china.it won an academy award for best documentary film. in 1984，isaac stern received the kennedy center honors award for his gifts to american culture through music.he expressed his thoughts about the part that music plays in life.he said he believed that music makes life better for everyone，especially children.mr.stern supported and guided younger classical musicians.they include violinists itzhak perlman and pinchas zukerman，cellist yoyo ma，and pianist yefim bronfman.isaac stern died in 2001 at the age of 81.he was a major influence on music in the 20th century.he leaves the world richer with his many recordings.【文章大意】本文详细介绍了小提琴家艾萨克施特恩的生平以及他在音乐方面和国际文化方面的贡献。1which of the following statements is true about isaac stern?ahe was born in california in the 1920s.bhe had visited many countries to advertise his recordings.che played less than one hundred concerts in all.dhis excellent music life lasted over 60 years.答案：d细节理解题。根据上下文可知，他从16岁的时候就开始表演，81岁的时候去世，所以他的音乐人生经历了60多年，所以d项是正确的。2the underlined word“cellist”in paragraph 6 may refer to_.asomeone who supports young musiciansbsomeone who wants to be a musiciancsomeone who has a gift for musicdsomeone who plays a certain kind of instrument答案：d词义猜测题。根据前文的violinists“小提琴家”和下文的pianist“钢琴家”可以猜测是演奏某种乐器的人。3from the passage，we can infer that_.aisaac stern influenced the culture in the 20th century a lotbisaac stern was one of the most active musicians of his daycisaac stern was so busy that he couldnt spare time to educate the youthdisaac stern led a rich life in his later life答案：b推理判断题。根据文章中他的音乐经历可以推知他是他所在的年代里最活跃的音乐家之一，因此b项符合文意。4what will be the best title for the passage?aisaac stern and the awards he gotbisaac sterns life of pursuing musiccisaac stern：one of the most honored musiciansdisaac sterns visit to china答案：c主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第二句he was one of the most honored musicians in the world.(即主题句)以及全文所述可知c项最适合当标题。a、b、d三项所表达的都是片面的。【2013界广东省韶关市】 across the planet there are millions of people who engage in some type of meditation, the practice of concentrating and clearing the mind to bring the body into a state of peace, at least a semi-regular basis. for some, particularly among practitioners of eastern religions such as buddhism and hinduism, this is part and parcel of their religious practice. for others, particularly in western cultures, meditation tends to be a response to stress. with the world economy approaching meltdown and people worried about their job or their ability to keep their home, its a way for people to attain a state of peace of mind and well-being. for those interested in taking up the practice, instruction in meditation for beginners can be found in literally thousands of sources. ww w.x kb1.c omone of the most popular styles of mediation in the west, with classes offered in most major cities, is called transcendental meditation. tm, as it is known among its practitioners, first came to worldwide attention when the beatles began practicing it in 1967. for direct, guided, personal instruction in meditation for the beginner, tm may be the hallmark. part of the confusion about how to practice meditation effectively is due to the fact that there are literally hundreds of techniques championed by various groups and individuals. as a general principle, it might be said that all meditation techniques seek to have the practitioner attain a state of consciousness that is different to our ordinary state of awareness. they attempt to train people to clear their minds and achieve a sense of inner peace. it sounds simple enough, but of the huge number of people experiment with meditation, very few are able to maintain its practice over the long haul. in most cases, this is due to frustration over the inability to experience any dramatic, instantly recognizable effects. this is quite a sad state of affairs, that so few these days are willing or equipped to persist in something that doesnt provide immediate life-changing results. it reflects a culture in which demands for discipline and sustained effort are considered unnecessary or even unfair. it is no surprise therefore that many people abandon their efforts at meditation before they have a chance to bear fruit. but for anyone who does decide to take up this worthwhile practice, please remember. you must clear your mind, relax and “take it as it comes”. maintain the practice with a sense of discipline and devotion, and eventually benefits of inner peace and calm will be yours. 41. the underlined part “part and parcel of” in paragraph 1 is nearest in meaning to _. a. closely associated with b. very different to c. usually sent from d. an important element of 【答案】d【解析】词义猜测题。因为冥想是宗教练习的一个重要元素。故选d。42. the goal of meditation is _. a. to clear the mind b. to practice a religion c. to develop a technique d. to carry out an experiment 【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。由“meditation, the practice of concentrating and clearing the mind to bring the body into a state of peace,”可知选a。43. what can we infer about meditation from the passage? a. it has two main types. b. it is practiced by many famous artists. c. its benefits are not immediately obvious. d. most people find it a very good way to relax. 【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。由“very few are able to maintain its practice over the long haul. in most cases, this is due to frustration over the inability to experience any dramatic, instantly recognizable effects. ”可知冥想的益处不是直接显著的。故选c。44. according to the writer, what has attracted many western people to meditation practices in recent years? a. their improved understanding of foreign culture. b. the need to fill in their growing free time. c. increasing employment instability. d. migration from countries in which meditation is traditional. 【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。由第二段“particularly in western cultures, meditation tends to be a response to stress. with the world economy approaching meltdown and people worried about their job or their ability to keep their home,”可知，是职业不稳定性的日益增加，使冥想练习吸引了西方人。故选c。45. who is the probable audience for this article? a. experienced meditation practitioners. b. people interested in starting to learn meditation. c. buddhists and hindus. d. people who are very religious. 【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。由“but for anyone who does decide to take up this worthwhile practice, please remember. you must clear your mind, relax and “take it as it comes”.”可知，这篇文章的读者是那些对开始学习冥想感性趣的人。故选b。passage thirty-three (importance of a computer) as citizens of advanced but vulnerable economies, we must either relentlessly increase the quality of our skills or see our standard of living erode. for the future, competition between nations will be increasingly based on technological skill. oil and natural resources will still be important, but they no longer will determine a nations economic strength. this will now be a matter of the way people organize them selves and the nature and quality of their work. japan and the “new japans “of east asia are demonstrating this point in ways that are becoming painfully obvious to the older industrial countries. there is simply no way to rest on our past achievements. todays competition renders obsolete huge chunks of what we know and what forces us to innovate. for each individual. several careers will be customary, and continuing education and retraining will be inescapable. to attain this extraordinary level of education, government, business, schools, and even individuals will turn to technology for the answer. in industry, processing the information and designing the changes necessary to keep up with the market has meant the growing use of computers. the schools are now following close behind. already some colleges in the united states are requiting a computer for each student. it is estimated that 500,000 computers are already in use in american high schools and elementary schools. although there is an abysmal lack of educational software, the number of computers in schools expands rapidly. the computer is the proteus of machines, as it takes on a thousand forms and serves a thousand functions. but its truly revolutionary character can be seen in its interactive potential. with advanced computers, learning can be individualized and self-paced. teachers can become more productive and the entire learning environment enriched. it is striking how much current teaching is a product of pencil and paper technology. with the computers capacity for simulation and diverse kinds of feedback, all sorts of new possibilities open up for the redesign of curriculums. seymour papert, the inventor of the computer language logo, believes that concepts in physics and advanced mathematics can be taught in the early grades with the use of computers. on every-day level, word-processing significantly improves the capacity for written expression. in terms of drill and practice, self-paced computer-assisted instruction enables the student to advance rapidlywithout being limited by the conflicting needs of the entire class. in short, once we learn to use this new brain outside the brain, education will never be the same.industry, faced with the pressures of a rapidly shifting market, is already designing new methods to retrain its workers, in the united states, a technological university has been set up to teach engineering courses by satellite. and the advances in telecommunications and computational power will dramatically expand the opportunities for national and international efforts in education and training.without romanticizing the machine, it is clear that computers uniquely change the potential for equipping todays citizens for unprecedented tasks of the future. particularly in europe and the united states, innovation will be the basis for continued prosperity. new competitors are emerging to challenge the old economic arrangements. how successfully we respond will depend on how much we invest in people and how wisely we employ the learning tools of the new technology.1. what is the decisive factor in future competition between nations?a. oil. . technological skill.c. natural resources d education2. the main idea of this passage is a. knowledge of a computer. . importance of a computer.c. function of knowledge. c. function of technology.3. why does further study become indispensable?a. people want to so more jobs. people want to attain this extraordinary level of education.c. people would not rest on the past achievements.d. what we know becomes obsolete.4. the word “proteus” is closest in meaning to a. flexibility. . diversity. c. variety. d. multiplicity.vocabulary1. relentlessly 始终不懈的2. obsolete 过时的，大量的，绝大部分的3. chunk 大块，大量的，绝大部分4. abysmal 无底的，极端的5. proteus 希腊神话中海神，能随意变化。这里指flexible, 灵活多变6. take on 显现，显示7. logo=logotyre 标识语，作为标志的语言8. rapidly shifting 瞬息万变的9. romanticizing 使浪漫化，使幻想化难句译注1. with the computers capacity for simulation and diverse kinds of feedback, all sorts of new possibilities open up for the redesign of curriculums.参考译文 由于计算机能进行模拟和提供各种反馈，它就为从新设计学校的课程开辟了各种新的可能性。2. in terms of drill and practice, self-paced computer-assisted instruction enables the student to advance rapidlywithout being limited by the conflicting needs of the entire class.结构简析 句子结构为主谓宾补