高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 Science versus nature巩固讲练篇 牛津译林版必修5.doc

2015届高考英语一轮复习 unit 3 science versus nature巩固讲练篇 牛津译林版必修5重点词汇考点-1. intention【教材原句】although he researches cloning, his intention has never been to create copies of humans. (p42)尽管伊恩威尔莫特研究克隆，但他的目的根本不是要制造人类的复制品。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思they have no intention of getting married at present. she went to paris with the intention of learning french. although she didnt mention me by name, i know her remarkswere intended for my benefit. 【答案】没有结婚的打算 带着目的 为我好【自主归纳】intention n意图，目的；企图with the intention of抱有目的，打算 by intention 故意without intention 无意中，不是故意地 intend vt. 打算，想要intend to do/doing 打算做，想要做 be intended for (to do)为打算(设计)的intentional adj. intentionally adv. 【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成英语句子这本书是为儿童写的。 the book children.他打算去国外进修。he went abroad further education.他从来不会故意伤害任何人。 he will never hurt anyone. 我再也不想到这个可怕的地方来了。i have _ coming to this terrible place again!考点-2. adopt【教材原句】i am anxious to have a child of my own， she says. i dont want to adopt someone elses child if i had the chance, i would have a cloned baby right now. (p42)“我现在渴望有个自己的孩子，”她说，“我不想领养别人的孩子如果我有这个机会，我会立即要一个克隆婴儿。”【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思women should adopt their husbands family names after marriage. the government adopted a new measure to fight against drunk driving. having no children of their own they decided to adopt an orphan. 【自主归纳】adopt vt. 收养，领养；采纳，采用adopt与adapt 是形似词容易混淆，adapt意为“适应”。the young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. after a few months, the orphan came to adapt to his new life.这对年轻夫妇没有自己的孩子，领养了一名孤儿。几个月过后这个孤儿渐渐适应了他的新生活。adoption n. 采纳，收养 adoptive adj. 收养的，有收养关系的【即时巩固】用adopt的适当词性填空如果您认为我们的建议适合您，那么就采用它们。if you think our suggestions work for you, then _ them.我们说服他采纳这项计划。we argued her into the _of the plan.他们是他的养父母。they are his _ parents.【答案】adopt adopting adoptive考点-3. anxiety【教材原句】even though human cloning is causing a lot of anxiety, it is good news for faye wilson.（p42）尽管人类的克隆正带来很多的忧虑，对faye wilson来说，这是个好消息。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思we waited for news with a growing sense of anxiety. the doctors report removed all their anxieties. 【答案】心情越来越着急 去除了他们所有的焦虑 【自主归纳】anxiety n. 忧虑，焦虑，不安anxious adj. 焦虑的，渴望的anxiously adv. 焦虑地be anxious to do sth. 渴望做某事，急于做某事 be anxious about / for 为某事忧虑、担心【即时巩固】单项选择题i am anxious _ her, for i havent heard from her for a long time.a. towards b. about c. to d. overwhat does he want to do？ he was _ to show he can work out the difficult math problem. a. worried b. anxious c. surprised d. strangeif the government borrows trillions of dollars, this will increase public _ a. anxiety b. happiness c. wealth d. confidence 【答案】bb a考点-4. consequence【教材原句】if we toy with nature, we will have to deal with the consequences. (p43)如果我们玩弄自然，我们将不得不应付各种后果。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思it rained yesterday and as a consequence the match was canceled. as a consequence of smoking, my father coughs frequently. he may be a man of consequence in his own country, but hes nobody here. 【自主归纳】consequence n结果，后果；重要性，重大意义as a consequence=in consequence 结果as a consequence of=in consequence of 由于，因为的缘故take the consequences (of)承担(某事的)后果；对(某事的)后果负责of consequence 重要的，重大的；有地位的，有声望的of no consequence不重要的，无足轻重的【即时巩固】单项选择题(2011高考江苏卷)teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional _. a. consequence b. independence c. competence d. intelligencethe factory near the seaside was closed down as a(a) _ of the terribly bad management and fund shortage.a. summary b. consequence c. conclusion d. effect【教材原句】i am sure that if you conducted a survey among uk citizens, it would show that the majority of people would not support this type of scientific research. (p56) 我确信如果你在英国公民中进行一项调查，结果会表明大多数人不会支持这种科学研究。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思for many years, the majority of irish people earned their living as farmers. a majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health. he won the seat with a majority of 71 votes. 【答案】大多数的爱尔兰人 大多数人 他以71票的优势赢得了该席位。【自主归纳】majority n. 多数，大多数；大半the majority of +复数名词+复数谓语动词 +不可数名词+单数谓语动词the majority of the people were against the plan.大多数人反对这个计划。the majority of the damage is easy to repair.这次的损失大部分容易补救。占大多数in a/the majority 以大多数赢得 by/with a majority of minority n. 少数 in the minority 【即时巩固】单项选择题(2010高考浙江卷)the majority of people in the town strongly _the plan to build a playground for children. a. consider b. support c. confirm d. submit(2011高考湖南卷)one-third of the country _ covered with trees and the majority of the citizens _black people.a. is; are b is; is c are; are d are; is【教材原句】therefore, we cannot confirm that food from cloned animals is really safe for humans to eat. (57)因此，我们不能证明人类食用来自克隆动物的食物是安全的。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思he failed to confirm the patients disease. the expression on her face confirmed our worst fears. this new evidence confirms me in my opinion that they are lying. it has been confirmed that all had passed the math exam. 【答案】确定病人的病情证实了我们对发生最坏情况的忧虑使我认定 已经证实某事【自主归纳】confirm vt. & vi.证实，证明；确认；使确信 it has been confirmed that . 已经确定【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成英语句子预订后请来函确认。please write to _ your reservation . 已经确定会议将于下个星期召开。_ the meeting will take place next week. 【答案】confirm it has been confirmed that考点-7. blame【教材原句】should they be blamed for destroying hundreds of thousands of acres of rainforest if it means a better income for their people?(p58)毁掉成千上万亩的雨林，如果这意味着人们有更好的收入，这也应该受到责备吗？【例句研读】翻译下列句子it is not right to blame your failure on your teacher. the couple were blamed for the ill-treatment to the old man. if anyone is to blame, its me. 【自主归纳】be to blame 该受责备 be blamed for 因而受到责备blame sth. on sth. 把归咎于【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成英语句子which driver the accident.哪位司机是本次事故的肇事者？she doesnt anyone her fathers death. 她没有把父亲的死归罪于任何人。【答案】was to blame for blamefor考点-8. frighten【教材原句】while many people are excited about these new technologies, these same technologies frighten others. (p59)尽管许多人对这些新技术感到兴奋，而其他人则对这些同样的技术感到害怕。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思the high prices have frightened off many customers. nothing can frighten him into losing his poise. mothers calm behavior made the frightened child quiet. 【答案】吓跑很多顾客 吓得某人去做某事 受惊的孩子【自主归纳】frighten away/off把吓跑，把吓得不敢(做某事)frighten o doing 恐吓某人做frighten sb.to death 把某人吓得要死be frightened with 对感到害怕【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成英语句子很明显，他们是要吓唬众人服从。they were evidently trying to _ obedience. 不要把价格提得太高，要不会把顾客吓跑的。dont put your prices too high or youll_. 【教材原句】since no one really knows whether gm food is safe, many countries have hesitated to give permission for the production of gm foods.(p59)因为无人真正知道转基因食品是否安全，许多国家迟迟不许生产转基因食物。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思the teacher gave me permission to go home early. smoking is not permitted in this room. they dont permit talking in the library. the policeman permitted him to park there. ill go to meet you if time permits. well start tomorrow, weather permitting. 如果时间允许 如果天气允许【自主归纳】permissionn. 许可 permit vt. permit doing sth. 允许做某事 permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事permit sb. sth. 允许某人某事 without permission 未经许可ask (for) permission 请求许可 with your permission 如果你同意的话，经您许可【即时巩固】单项选择题before building a house, you will have to _ the governments permission. a. get from b. follow c. receive d. ask for his father gave him an _ of 1,000 pounds a year to help him finish his college education.a. permission b. permit c. allowance d. admission i am _ to meet you, time _.a. likely; permits b. probable; permitting c. likely; permitting d. possible; permits its illegal to read peoples private letters without .a. pressure b. reputation c. standard d. permission【答案】dccd考点-10. push ahead with【教材原句】some scientists are already pushing ahead with research in order to produce a cloned human baby.(p42)一些科学家正在加紧研究，以制造出克隆的人类婴儿。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思the government is pushing ahead with its reforms. he pushed aside the feeling of fear. james did not push her into stealing the money. 【自主归纳】push ahead with义无反顾地进行，努力推进 push back 把向后推，把推回原处push through使通过，使得到批准push aside不考虑，避开，把放到一边push in推入push off离开push out拉出，排出push sb./sth. over 使某人/某物倒下或推翻why dont you push back your seat a little; it will help you to relax.it is hard to push ahead with such an unpopular policy.she pushed her way through the big crowd.i wish she would stop annoying us and push off.you switch on the computer and then push in the disk.【即时巩固】单项选择题the government decided to go on_ economic reforms in the next five years.a. putting forward withb. going ahead withc. pushing ahead with d. accelerating the pace ofencourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.a. draw b. strike c. rush d. pushit is suggested that the wall _to build a new street.a. should push in b. be pushed in c. should push overd. be pushed over【答案】cdd考点-11. for sale【教材原句】human life would just become a crop to be harvested or a product for sale. （p43）人类生命将只不过是待收割的庄稼或待售的产品而已。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思it is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in london alone. the first new computers may be on sale in the new year. every time harvey makes a sale he gets $50 commission. 【答案】待售 上市销售 做成一笔生意 【自主归纳】for sale 待销售，供出售 on sale 出售，降价出售white sale 大减价 short sale 卖空，抛售make a sale 销售【即时巩固】根据汉语提示完成英语句子妻子去世后他就不打算住在那里了，因此马上着手要将其卖掉。he had never intended living there after his wifes death and immediately set about trying to _. 他的旧居要以 49.5 万英镑的价格出售。his former home is _ at 495,000.英语教材和词典到处都有卖的。english textbooks and dictionaries are _ everywhere. 他在高英斯男装店买了一件打折的运动上衣。he bought a sports jacket _ at gowings mens store. 【答案】make a sale for sale on sale on sale考点-12. take . into consideration【教材原句】in summary, i insist that you take the opinions of the people of the uk into consideration, and end this practice immediately. (p56)总之，我坚持要求你把英国人民的意见考虑在内，立即终止这项实践。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思time factor is what we must first take into consideration. here are a few questions under consideration. try to show a little more consideration for others. 【自主归纳】take . into consideration 认真考虑，考虑到be under consideration在考虑中 out of consideration 出于对考虑give .full consideration 充分考虑 leave .out of consideration忽视，不考虑show consideration for 对表示关心【即时巩固】单项选择题after he took the serious situation _consideration，he made up his mind to look into the matter _person.a. into; in b. to; by c. through; under d. by; intoeverything _ into consideration, they ought to have another chance. a. to take b. taken c. to be taken d. taking【答案】b【解析】take与everything之间存在动宾关系。此处独立主格结构在句中做状语。therebeingnowitnessonthespot,thepoliceweredelayedbythe_ofinformationaboutthecrime. a.analysisb.disappearancec.absenced.consideration【教材原句】would anyone say that development should be stopped in favour of nature? (p58)有人说为了保护自然就应该停止经济发展吗？【例句研读】翻译下列句子the decision went in his favour. could you do me a favour and turn off the light? could you do me the favour to pick up sam from school today? 【答案】这一判决对他有利。请帮忙把灯关掉好吗？今天你能帮我个忙去学校接萨姆吗？【自主归纳】in favour of 赞成赞同，支持；偏爱；对有利in sb.s favour 对某人有利do sb.a favour do a favour for sb. 帮某人忙owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个人情【即时巩固】单项选择题you are really very kind. ill never forget the_ you have done to me.a. favour b. deed c. help d. good(2012高考湖北卷)when asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.a. in terms of b. in need of c. in favor of d. in praise of【答案】c【解析】根据句中的step aside “让位”可知老师们的观点更倾向于年轻的人来担任校长这一职位。本句意思是：当被问及对校长的看法时，很多老师更希望看到校长让位而支持比他更年轻的【教材原句】from the point of view of some people, we are only doing what humans have always done, using nature to meet our own needs. (p58)根据有些人的观点，我们中是在做人类一直在做的事情利用自然满足我们自己的需求。【例句研读】译出下列句中划线部分的意思(多重表达)在我看来，我们应该更关注在校儿童的安全问题。 , we should pay more attention to the safety of schoolchildren.【答案】from my point of view/in my opinion /in my view / as far as im concerned【自主归纳】在某人看来：from ones point of view/in ones opinion /in ones view / as far as one is concerned view. as认为是 in view of 鉴于，考虑到 take the view that 持的态度 in the view of 按观点看have a good view视野开阔，视野良好we take the view that it would be wrong to interfere.in the view of the foreign experts, there wasnt much oil here.she doesnt view herself as a success.in view of the fact that he was ill with a high fever, he did a good job in last nights match.from his position on the cliff top, he had a good view of the harbour.【即时巩固】单项选择题_the majority, clinton was a successful president.a. from the point of view b. in view of c. in the view of d. on view就会有更好的视野。”二、经典句型考点-1. on the one hand ., on the other hand .句型【教材原句】on the one hand, some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo, you can produce valuable human tissues such as bone or lung tissue that could be used to save human lives. on the other hand, . (p42)一方面，一些科学家指出如果克隆人类胚胎，你就可以制造出宝贵的人体组织如骨组织或肺组织它们可以用来拯救人类的生命。另一方面【句法分析】该句中用“on the one hand . on the other hand . 一方面，另一方面”使得上下文连贯顺畅。【考点聚焦】“on the one hand . on the other hand . 一方面，另一方面”可以同时出现，其中“on the other hand .”也可以单独使用。表达此意的还可以用：for one thing for another【即时巩固】单项选择题i know my job isnt well paid, but _ i dont have to work long hours.a. in other words b. on the other handc. for one thing d. as a matter of factthey didnt buy the car._，they didnt like its color；_，it was too expensive.a. for one thing; for another b. for one thing; but alsoc. on the one hand; for another hand d. for the one hand; on the other hand【教材原句】in china, scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals, as well as cloned tissues to be used in medical treatment. (p42)在中国，科学家们除了致力于用于医疗方面的器官的克隆还致力于动物的克隆。【句法分析】as well as意为：不但而且；和一样；和；也；【考点聚焦】由“as well as”连接的两个主语时的主谓一致问题以及as well 用于句末，表示“也”。【即时巩固】单项选择题(2012高考陕西卷)the basketball coach, as well as his team , _interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.a. were b. was c. is d. arei heard that the famous player_ his coach would come to our school for a visit.i heard the news_.a. and；too b. as well as；as well c. as well as；as well asd. with；either(2013高考福建卷)the famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the