4000个英语常用短语.docx

A1.a fraction of一部分 2.a matter of concern焦点3.a series of一系列, 一连串4.abandon sb to sth不顾责任、义务等）抛弃,离弃5.abandon sth to sb不得已而放弃辨析abandon：迫于不得已而停止（支持，帮助）；放弃义务，信念，责任stop：停止某行为give up doing：放弃做某种行为6.ability to do sth（注：不加of doing）有能力做某事7.to the best of ones ability 尽其所能辨析ability：具备做某事的能力（用法：ability to do sth（注：不加of doing）capability：具备做某事所需的能力或素质（用法：capability to do sth/也可加of doing）8.be able to do sth能够 辨析able：强调通过努力而获得的能力（用法：be able to do sth）can：表示本身具有的一般能力capable：（用法：capable of doing）9.be about to do when打算10.abound with/in富于、充满11.above all的近义词:especially尤其是, 最重要的12.be absent from缺席13.absence of mind的近义词:being absent-minded心不在焉14.absent oneself from sth不在15.absolve sb from赦免某人16.be absorbed in的近义词:be engrossed in;be lost in;be rapt in;be concentrated on;be focused on;be centered on全神贯注于17.abstain from避开(免)18.be abundant in的近义词:be rich in;be well supplied with富于,富有 19.abundant in富于 20.accept sth同意某事21.accept sb into sth/ accept sb as sth接纳某人22.accept that相信/认为23.access to(不可数名词) 能接近,进入辨析accept：表示主观意愿receive：表示客观事实（用法：receive sth from sb/sth）24.by accident偶然辨析accident 通常指“不幸的”意外事故，如车祸，摔伤，砸伤等，多指无意或偶然造成的。 incident 通常指大事件中较小的事件，小插曲或人生中所碰到的虽小但留下较深印象的平凡事件。它还用来指政治上具有一定影响的事态，如战争，叛乱 25.without accident安全地26.accommodate sb with向某人提供27.accommodate oneself to适应28.of ones own accord自愿地29.in accord with与一致 . 30.out of ones accord with同不一致31.with one accord=with everybody agreeing一致地32.in accordance with=in agreement with依照,根据33.account for解释34.on ones own account为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益；(=at ones own risk) 自行负责；(=by oneself)依靠自己35.on account赊账36.on account of因为37.on no account不论什么原因也不38.of account有重要性.39.takeinto account/consider把考虑进去40.give sb an account of说明, 解释 (理由) 41.account for解释,说明.42.on account of的近义词:because of由于,因为.43.on no account的近义词:in no case,for no reason绝不要,无论如何；不要(放句首时句子要倒装)44.accuse sb of sth.控告 辨析accuse ：控告（用法：accuse sb of sth ）charge：控告（用法：charge sb with sth ）sue：控告（用法：sue sb for sth ）45.be accustomed to习惯于辨析achieve：经过努力而获得动力或达到某种目的gain：经过努力或奋斗获得某种利益get：以某种方式或手段得到某种东西46.acknowledge that承认47.acknowledge doing承认做48.acknowledge sb as/to be sth承认某人49.be acquainted with了解 熟悉50.act for代理51.act on对起作用;按照行动52.act out比划着表演;履行;将表演出来53.act as扮演54.take an active part in积极参加 55.be active in热心于 辨析actual：真的，强调事实上已经发生或存在，而不是理论上可发生或存在 real：真的，真正的，指客观上存在，并非想象和虚拟，与“无”相对，反义词为 unreal true：真实的，强调事实的实际情况相符，与“假”相对，反义词为 false 56.adapt to的近义词:adjust oneself to适应于57.adapt from改编自（剧本）辨析adapt（动词）：改写adept（形容词）：熟练的adopt（动词）：采取，收养重点词组58.add in增加59.add to加上60.add sth to sth 例如：one added to one is/makes two.把加上61.add up 例如：The balloons added up the festival atmosphere.增加62.add up to 例如：His whole school education added up to no more than one year.加起来总共63.be addicted to对有瘾64.in addition的近义词:besides此外65.in addition to的近义词:as well as, other than除之外66.adhere to的近义词:abide by；conform to；comply with；cling to；insist on；persist in粘附; 坚持,遵循67.adjust sth to sth调节68.adjust to（doing）sth习惯于；使自己适应于辨析adjust：稍作调整(用法:adjust to(doing)sth)adapt：较大的改动来适应(用法:adapt sth for sth)69.admire sb/sth for (doing) sth钦佩某人所做的某事70.admit of的近义词:be capable of, leave room for留有的余地71.be admitted to (doing)承认72.adore doing喜欢做某事73.in advance预先74.advance on/towards sth/sb向前进75.advance sb sth = advance sth to sb向某人预付钱76.gain/get/have/win an advantage over胜过,比处于优势地位77.have the advantage of具有的有利条件78.have the advantage of sb知道某人所不知道的事79.take advantage of的近义词:make the best of, make use of, profit from利用;占便宜;欺骗80.advertise for登广告寻求、寻找81.advise sb of sth把某事通知某人82.advise with sb on sth同某人商量某事83.soon after在之后一会84.right after在之后立刻. can,could, be able to + afford （to do）负担得起辨析ago：表示以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用before：指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成时连用，可以单独使用重点词组85.agree with 例如：I dont agree with what you said.同意（观点） The climate here doesnt agree with me.（气候，食物）适合某人86.agree on与（观点）达成一致87.agree to同意（计划）88.be in agreement with同意, 一致89.ahead of在之前90.ahead of time/schedule提前 91.aim at瞄准、针对92.let in air使通风 93.by air乘飞机 94.in the air在空中;不肯定, 不具体;在谣传中95.on the air（用无线电，电视）播送 96.alien to与相反 97.above all尤其是 98.after all毕竟99.all along一直100.all but的近义词;almost,nearly几乎，差点没101.all at once的近义词：suddenly突然, 同时 102.all in all总之103.all of a sudden突然 104.all over again再一次105.all over遍及 106.all right好的107.all the same仍然；别忘了，到底108.all the time一直109.all together总共；一道110.above all最重要的111.after all毕竟,到底112.be all in累极了113.first of all首先114.for all尽管，虽然115.not at all一点也不116.once and for all只此一次117.in alliance with与联盟118.allow for的近义词：take into consideration, take into account考虑到；体谅119.allow of容许，容得辨析allow：指听任或默认某人去做某事 permit：表示正式地许可，会比较积极地同意某人去做某事 promise：表示答应许诺，表示主语许诺要去做某事 almost 与 nearly 的主要区别 修饰 no, none, never, any 以及 no, 和 any 的合成词时，一般用 almost although 与though的主要区别 though 可放在句尾；although 不可放在句尾120.have ambitious for/to do对有雄心、抱负121.amount to相当于122.be angry with sb at/about sth.对某人/某事生气辨析announce 指正式“公布”，“宣布”，侧重预告人们关心或感兴趣的事情，尤指新闻 declare 正式向公众宣布，侧重“当众”发表，多用于宣战、议和、宣判 123.answer for的近义词：undertake responsibility for；be liable for；take charge for对负责.124.answer to的近义词：conform to适合,符合辨析answer：及物动词 reply：不及物动词vi，后接 to，为书面用语 125.be anxious about挂念126.be anxious to do sth渴望做127.be anxious for sth渴望得到某物128.be anxious for sb to do sth希望某人做某事129.anything of一点儿 130.for anything无论如何131.not anything like 无论如何都不132.anything but根本不 133.apart from 除外(有/无) 134.take apart拆开135.set apart储存136.tell apart区别137.appeal to吸引;申述;请求138.appeal to sb for sth为某事向某人提出呼吁139.appear +形容词/to do/that似乎140.have an appetite for喜爱141.the apple of someones eye掌上明珠 142.applicable to适用于 143.apply for申请 144.apply to适用于; 向申请145.apply to sb for sth请求某人146.apply oneself to sth致力于某事147.appoint sb as任命某人为(职务)148.appoint sb to任命、委任某人为149.approach sb on/about sth为某事同某人打交道150.approach to的方法151.appropriate for/to合适152.approve of赞成153.approximate to接近 154.apologize to sb for sth为某事向某人道歉155.make an apology to sb for sth因某人向某人道歉 156.apt at聪明, 善于 157.apt to易于 158.argue with/against sb about/on sth与某人辩论某事159.argue for主张160.argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做或不做某事161.arise from/out of由而引起辨析arise用于问题、困难、责任、争吵等的发生出现occur,happen,take place用于事故、事情、变化等发生、产生162.be around差不多 163.around the clock夜以继日164.arrange with sb for/about sth与某人商定某事165.arrive at到达（小地点，如车站） 166.arrive in到达（大地点） 167.as a matter of fact实际上 168.as a result(of)因此,由于 169.as a rule通常,照例 170.as far as远至,到程度171.as far as be concerned就而言 172.as follows如下 173.as for至于,关于 174.as good as和几乎一样 175.as if好像辨析as many as +数词 +复数名词，用于人/物的具体数目前as much as +数词 +复数名词，用于价格、重量前176.as regards关于177.as to至于,关于 178.as usual照例 179.as well也 180.as well as除外(也),即又181.be ashamed of对感到羞愧182.aside from除外(还有) 183.ask for请求;向要;通过询问找184.assess on/upon向征税、罚款185.assign to把分配给186.assist sb with sth/in doing sth帮助某人做某事187.assure sb of sth使某人确信某事188.be astonished at/by对感到吃惊 189.at a loss不知所措 190.at a time一次,每次 191.at all丝毫(不),一点也不 192.at all costs不惜一切代价 193.at all events不管怎样,无论如何 194.at all times随时,总是 195.at any rate无论如何,至少 196.at best充其量,至多 197.at first sight乍一看,初看起来 198.at first最初,起先 199.at hand在手边,在附近 200.at heart内心里,本质上 201.at high speed高速地 202.at intervals不时,每隔203.at large大多数,未被捕获的/逍遥法外204.at last终于 205.at least至少 206.at length终于 207.at most至多,不超过 208.at no time从不,决不 209.at once立刻 210.at one time曾经;同时 211.at present目前212.at someones disposal由处理 213.at random随机的、任意的214.at the age of在岁的时候215.at the bottom of在底部 216.at the cost of以为代价 217.at the end of在的结尾 218.at the foot of在脚下 219.at the height of在顶点；在（事业等）的高峰220.at the mercy of由控制 221.at the moment此刻,目前 222.at the same time同时 223.at this rate照此速度 224.at times 有时225.attach to缚,系,结226.make an attempt at doing sth/to do sth试图做227.attend on/upon的近义词:wait upon, serve, look after侍候,照料228.attend to的近义词:give ones attention专心于;照顾辨析attend指参加会议，听报告，典礼，仪式，上学等(attend to服务) join指加入某团体，如参军，入团等 join in指参加比赛的活动 take part in指参加群众性活动、运动、劳动等（在活动中发挥作用） 229.attitude to/toward对的态度.看法230.attribute to把归咎于231.avail oneself of利用232.be available to sb可用,可供233.on average平均234.average out算出平均数 235.be aware of的近义词:be conscious of意识到236.awara to把授予（判给）237.be away from远离238.right away立刻 239.far away遥远 补充笔记（自己整理） B1.back and forth来回地,反复地 2.back of在后面 3.back up后备,支援4.at the back of的近义词:behind在后面5.in the back of在后部(里面)6.on the back of在后部(外面)7.be on ones back卧病不起.8.at ones back支持,维护9.have sb. at ones back有支持, 有作后台10.turn ones back on sb不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃11.behind ones back背着某人(说坏话)12.go from bad to worse每况愈下辨析ban：强调权威机关正式禁止forbid：强调不许可做某事prohibit：强调用法律来禁止13.bang sth into sb硬把某事灌输给某人14.bare of几乎没有,缺乏 15.bargain with sb about/over/for sth与某人就某事讨价还价16.bargain on doing sth料想/商定做某事17.be based on根据18.on the basis of根据19.battle with sb for sth为某事而同某人的斗争20.battle of sth关于某事的斗争21.battle against/with sb为某事而跟某人作斗争22.be in season上市的/in peak season旺季 23.be of + 抽象名词：年龄（age）、大小（size）、颜色（color）、重量（weight）、高度（height）、价格（price）、意见（opinion）、方法（way）、use、value、importance24.beg of sb请求某人25.beg for乞求26.believe in信任27.believe it or not信不信由你28.belong to属于29.beatat在运动项目上打赢30.beat down杀价31.beat off击退32.beat up痛打，毒打 33.beat the crowd避开人群 辨析beat：比较具体，强调动作 strike：一般比较抽象 hit：一般是碰撞，注重结果辨析before long：不久以后 long before：很久以前34.as before如从前一样35.beg sb for sth =beg sth of/from sb向某人乞讨某物36.beg sb to do sth请求某人做某事37.beg ones pardon请原谅 38.begin with sth以开始39.to begin with的近义词:first of all首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)40.at the beginning of开始41.to begin with第一;开始，起初42.on behalf of的近义词:as the representative of以名义43.behaved well/badly表现得好/差44.fall/lag behind落后45.behind schedule误点 46.believe in相信;信任; 信仰47.believe it or not信不信由你辨析below：指位置低于某物，但不一定在其正下方，反义词为 ：above under：指在某物的正下方，反义词为：over 48.belong to（doing）属于（注：不用于被动、进行语态）辨析beside：在旁边 besides：除了以外，还有except：除了以外，没了 except for：除了以外 (除去整体中的小部分细节),后接短语except that：后接从句,表示对一个人或事物先作一个总体评价,然后就其局部提出一点看法,所排除的不是同一范畴的东西。except when：后接有关于时间的从句。49.benefit from受益,得到好处.50.for the benefit of为了的利益(好处)51.be beneficial to对有益52.bent on sth下定决心做 53.beside point离题的,不相干的 54.for the better好转55.get the better of的近义词:defeat sb打败56.had better do最好做辨析between：用于两者之间或两者以上的之间（用法：between 应与 and 连用，不与 or 连用）among：用于三者或三者以上 57.beyond ones ability超越某人的能力 58.beyond question毫无疑问59.bid on/for sth对出价60.bid to do企图做61.bid sb sth =bid sth to sb向某人问候62.at birth在出生时63.by birth在出生上,论出身,按血统 64.give birth to出生65.be to blame for应负责任66.blame sth on sb = blame sb for sth把归咎于某人67.blaze with sth燃烧;闪耀着;激发68.in blossom开花(指树木) 69.be in blossom开花(强调状态) 70.come into blossom开花(强调动作)71.blow away刮走,吹走72.blow down（风）吹倒73.blow off吹掉;将热水、蒸气等放掉74.blow over（风）吹翻、刮翻75.boast of/about吹嘘76.boil over发怒、激动77.book up订完了 78.be bound to注定 79.bound for开往80.borrow sth from sb向某人借81.bother about sb为烦扰82.bother about doing sth /to do sth为做某事操心、烦恼重点词组83.break away逃走;断裂84.break away from 例如:He broke away from all his old friends.断绝来往 She should break away from such habits.改掉(习惯)85.break down 例如:With our plans broken down,The peace talks have broken down.(计划/谈判)失败 Her health broke down under the pressure of work.(身体健康)垮掉了 Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substance.分解 The telephone system has broken down.(机器或车辆)出故障86.break in训练；破门而入；插嘴；开始使用87.break into强行进入；突然发出或开始88.break off sth with sb中断；突然停止讲话89.break out（战争、火灾等）爆发90.break through突破91.break up 例如:After midnight,the party broke up.散会She broke up the candy and give each child a small piece分开91.break up with和某人分手92.hold ones breath屏住呼吸 93.out of breath上气不接下气 94.breathe in 呼入 95.breathe out呼出 96.in brief简言之重点词组97.bring about 例如:He brought about a quarrel between his parents.引起She msde every effort to bring about a peaceful solution to the problems.实现98.bring along捎来99.bring back归还;使想起; 恢复;把带回; （风）刮倒100.bring sb back to使某人恢复到101.bring down 例如：Electricity lines were brought down by falling trees or brabches.使倒下 bring down prices. 降低价格102.bring forth生产,产生103.bring forward 例如：Please bring forward the matter at the next meeting.提出意见They have brought the meeting forward to next Monday.提前104.bring in赚取; 吸引105.bring off使成功;完成106.bring on使长得更好;引起（火灾或疾病）;端上（食物） 107.bring out解释清明; 出版（书、唱片等）108.bring through救活,使渡过难关109.bring to使恢复知觉110.bring up 抚养例如：She was born in TaiWan but brought up in Japan. She was so ill that she brought up everything that she ate at noon. 呕吐111.build on依赖、依靠;把建立于112.build up加大;增强（体质）;建立,开发113.in bulk成批地,不散装的114.burn down（火势）减弱;（被）焚毁115.burn off烧掉116.burn out烧尽,熄灭; （因过热或使用过多）出故障;耗尽体力117.burn up被烧毁;发烧;（火）烧得更旺;激怒118.burst into闯入;突然发作119.burst on/upon突然来到120.burst out突然起来121.bury in sth专心致志于某事；隐居122.on business出差123.be busy with sth忙于某事 124.be busy doing sth忙于做某事125.but for要不是126.but then/again然而，另一方面127.last but not least最后一点但也是最重要的一点128.buy sb sth =buy sth for sb给某人买某物129.by accident偶然 130.by air通过航空途径 131.by all means尽一切办法,务必 132.by and by不久,迟早 133.by and large总体来说134.by chance偶然135.by far最,得多 136.by hand 用手,用体力 137.by itself独自地 138.by means of依靠 139.by mistake错误地,无意地 140.by no means决不141.by oneself独自地 142.by reason of由于 143.by the way顺便说说 144.by virtue of借助,由于 145.by way of经由,通过方法 C1.calculate on/upon指望,期待着重点词组2.call after以命名3.call at拜访（某地）例如:I formed the habit of calling in on him/calling in at his office in the afternoon.顺便来访4.call away叫走5.call back回电话；收回（说错的话）6.call for 例如:The trouble calls for quick action by the government.要求I will call for you at five oclock.来找（某人）We called for the packages at the post office.来取（某物）7.call in 例如:Your father is ill.You should call in a doctor at once.找来（医生）The army was called in to cut through fallen trees and to help clear the roads.召集8.call off取消; 把（狗）叫开（不让它咬人）；例如:Theyve called off the game because of the thick fog.取消9.call on拜访（某人）；号召例如:I formed the habit of calling in on him/calling in at his office in the afternoon.顺便来访10.call out下令罢工；要求某人出动11.call out to sb叫喊某人12.call up近义词:remind of使人回忆起；打电话给13.a campaign against反对的运动14.a campaign for赞成的运动15.be capable of doing能够 16.be capable of being + 过去分词是能够被的17.be care about关心18.be care for喜欢19.in the care of sb/in ones care由照顾20.take care小心;走好21.take care of负责,处理;照顾22.care nothing about对漠不关心;对毫不介意23.be careful about/with对小心24.cant be too careful在小心也不过分25.can but do只能罢了26.can not but do 不得不27.can nottoo越越好28.can only do只能29.be capable of有能力做30.be capable for有资格做 31.capitalize on利用32.care about 例如:He cared about money. 喜欢 The professor said that he was interested only in research;he didnt care about his students.关心33.care for照顾34.care of关心;喜欢;烦劳转交（某物）35.take care保重;当心36.take care of照顾 37.carry away运走;变得很激动;一般用被动态使着迷,失去理智;(风暴)刮断水冲走;赢得(奖品)使倾倒38.carry back使回忆起;拿回39.carry forward推进; 发扬40.carry off抢走41.carry on 例如:He had learned enough German to carry on a conversation.进行One person should carry on where the other had left off.继续进行下去42.carry out开展;实现;贯彻;进行到底例如:I was chosen to carry out our experiment.进行 He didnt carry out his promise to us.履行43.carry through顺利实现; 帮助渡难关44.in case=for fear that以防万一45.in case of=in the event of如果发生万一46.in the case of就而言,至于47.in any case无论如何48.in no case决不,在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)49.in that case假如那样的话，既然那样50.in any case=at any rate,at any price,at any cost无论如何 51.cast about for寻觅,想方设法52.cast away丢掉、抛弃53.cast down使沮丧54.cast off抛弃;使自由55.catch attention引起注意56.catch at抓住;渴望取得57.catch on受欢迎,流行起来;理解;勾住,绊倒 58.catch sb out使突陷困境; 抓住某人的短处59.catch sb redhanded当场抓住,现场捕获60.catch up with追上;赶上;碰上61.catch a chance抓住机会62.catch a cold感冒63.be