药理选择英文版.doc

Choose one correct answer (单选题)1. Pharmacology is ( )A. PharmacodynamicsB. PharmacokineticsC. Mechanism of drug actionD. Studies of interactions between drug and bodyE. Subject related to the medicinal chemistry and physiology2. 药理学是研究( ) A药物效应动力学 B药物代谢动力学 C药物作用机理D药物与机体相互作用的规律 E与药物学和生理学相关的学科3. The contents of pharmcodynamics are ( )A. Clinical effect of drugB. Mechanism of drug actionC. The process that action of drug on the bodyD. Factors affecting the drug effectE. Factors affecting the drug process in the body4. 药效学研究的内容是( ) A药物的临床疗效 B药物的作用机理 C药物对机体的作用规律D药物疗效的影响因素 E药物体内过程的影响因素5. The contents of pharmacokinetics are ( )A. Relationship between concentration and clinical effect of drugB. Relationship between blood concentration of drug and timeC. Factors affecting the drug absorptionD. Factors affecting the drug biotransformationE. The process that action of body on drug6. 药动学研究的内容是( ) A血药浓度与临床疗效的关系 B血药浓度与时间的变化规律 C药物吸收的影响因素 D药物生物转化的影响因素 E机体对药物的处置的动态变化7. The processes of drug in the body include ( )A. AbsorptionB. DistributionC. MetabolismD. ExcretionE. All of A, B, C and D8. 药物在体内的过程包括( )A. 吸收B. 分布C. 代谢D. 排泄E. 以上均对9. The mode by which most drugs get across the cell membrane are ( )A. Passive transportB. Simple diffusion C. Facilitated diffusionD. Filtration E. Pinocytosis 10. 大多数药物的跨膜转运方式是( ) A主动转运 B 简单扩散 C 易化扩散 D 滤过 E 胞饮11. The results of drug biotransformation are ( )A. Increased polarity to be easily eliminatedB. Increased activityC. Decreased or no toxicityD. Decreased or no activityE. All of A, B, C and D12. 药物经生物转化后( ) A 极性增加，利于消除 B 活性增大 C毒性减弱或消失 D 活性减弱或消失 E 以上都有可能13. The main excretion pathways of drug or the metabolite are ( )A. KidneyB. BileC. MilkD. Sweat E. Respiratory tract14. 药物或其代谢物排泄的主要途径是( )A 肾 B 胆汁 C 乳汁 D 汗腺 E 呼吸道15. The characteristics of active transport are ( )A. Along with the concentration gradient; energy not needed; carrier neededB. Along with the concentration gradient; energy needed; carrier neededC. Against with the concentration gradient; energy needed; no competitionD. Against with the concentration gradient; energy needed; can be saturatedE. Against with the concentration gradient; energy not needed; can be saturated16. 主动转运的特点是( ) A 顺浓度差，不耗能，需载体 B 顺浓度差，耗能，需载体 C 逆浓度差，耗能，无竞争现象 D 逆浓度差，耗能，有饱和现象 E 逆浓度差，不耗能，有饱和现象17. The characteristics of first order kinetics are ( )A. Eliminated by constant ratio; t1/2 is not a constantB. Eliminated by constant amount; t1/2 is a constantC. Eliminated by constant amount; t1/2 is not a constantD. Eliminated by constant ratio; t1/2 is a constantE. t1/2 changes with the change of blood concentration of drug18. 一级消除动力学的特点是( ) A 恒比消除，tl/2不定 B 恒量消除， tl/2恒定 C 恒量消除，tl/2不定 D恒比消除， tl/2恒定 E tl/2随血药浓度变化而变化 19. The t1/2 of one drug is 10 h, how long will the drug be nearly completely eliminated if given once? ( )A. About 10 hB. About 2 dC. About 1 dD. About 20 hE. About 5 d20. 某药半衰期为10小时，一次给药后，药物在体内基本消除时间为( ) A 10小时左右 B 2天左右 C 1天左右 D 20小时左右 E 5天左右21. The blood concentration of phenytoin increased if combined with chloromycin because chloromycin can ( )A. Increase the absorption of phenytoinB. Compete the plasma protein with phenytoinC. Increase the bioavailability of phenytoinD. Inhibit the activity of liver drug metabolism enzymeE. Reduce the excretion of phenytoin from urine 22. 氯霉素与苯妥英钠合用时，可使苯妥英钠血药浓度升高，是因为氯霉素能( ) A 增加吸收 B竞争血浆蛋白结合部位 C提高生物利用度 D抑制肝药酶 E减少尿中排泄23. How to accelerate the excretion of Phenobarbital from urine if it is overdosed ? ( )A. Alkalify the urine to increase the dissociation of Phenobarbital, resulting in the increased reabsorption by renal tubularB. Alkalify the urine to decrease the dissociation of Phenobarbital, resulting in the increased reabsorption by renal tubularC. Alkalify the urine to increase the dissociation of Phenobarbital, resulting in the decreased reabsorption by renal tubularD. acidify the urine to increase the dissociation of Phenobarbital, resulting in the decreased reabsorption by renal tubularE. None of A, B, C and D24. 苯巴比妥过量中毒, 为了促使其加速排泄, 应( ) A 碱化尿液, 使解离度增大, 增加肾小管 再吸收 B 碱化尿液, 使解离度增小, 增加肾小管再吸收 C 碱化尿液, 使解离度增大, 减少肾小管再吸收 D 酸化尿液, 使解离度增大, 减少肾小管再吸收 E 以上均不对25. The bioavailability of drug is ( )A. The blood amount of drug absorbed from the gastrointestinal tractB. The blood concentration of drug absorbed from the gastrointestinal tractC. The amount of drug in the action citeD. The percentage of drug in the blood to the dose given at any routes E. None of A, B, C and D26. 药物的生物利用度是指( )A.药物经胃肠道进入血液循环的量B.药物经胃肠道进入血液循环的浓度C.药物吸收到达作用点的量D.任何给药途径下药物进入血液循环的百分比 E.以上均不对27. The plasma half life (t1/2) is ( )A. The time during which 50% of drug is excreted from the bodyB. The time during which 50% of drug is biotransformedC. Half of the time during which the drug completely disappeared from bloodD. The time during which drug concentration decreases by halfE. The time during which drug effect decreases by half28. 药物的血浆半衰期是( ) A 50%药物从体内排出所需要的时间 B 50%药物进行了生物转化 C 药物从血浆中消失所需要的时间的一半 D 血浆浓度下降一半所需要的时间 E 药物作用强度减弱一半所需要的时间29. The main routes through which the first pass effect of drug occurs ( )A. Intravenous injectionB. Subcutaneous injectionC. Intramuscle injectionD. Oral administrationE. Inhalation 30. 药物首过消除主要发生于 ( ) A 静脉注射 B 皮下注射 C 肌肉注射 D口服给药 E 吸入给药31. At which dose the side effect will occurs ( )A. ExtremeB. TherapeuticC. ToxicD. LD50E. Minimal toxic32. 下列哪种剂量会产生副作用( ) A 极量 B 治疗量 C 中毒量 D LD50 E 最小中毒量33. The characteristics of receptor antagonist are ( )A. Has no affinity but has intrinsic activityB. Has no affinity as well as no intrinsic activityC. Has affinity but has no intrinsic activityD. Has affinity as well as intrinsic activityE. None of A, B, C and D34. 阻断药的特点是( ) A 对受体无亲和力，但有内在活性 B对受体无亲和力，也无内在活性 C 对受体有亲和力，但无内在活性 D对受体有亲和力，也有内在活性 E 以上均不对35. The characteristics of competitive antagonist are ( )A. Strong affinity and intrinsic activityB. Strong affinity and weak intrinsic activityC. Not relevant with affinity and intrinsic activityD. Strong affinity and no intrinsic activity, irreversible combination with receptorE. Strong affinity and no intrinsic activity, competition for the same receptor with agonist 36. 竞争性桔抗剂( )A亲和力及内在活性都强 B具有一定亲和力但内在活性弱 C与亲和力和内在活性无关 D有亲和力，无内在活性，与受体不可逆性结合E有亲和力，无内在活性，与激动剂竞争相同受体37. The characteristics of noncompetitive antagonist are ( )A. Strong affinity and intrinsic activityB. Strong affinity and weak intrinsic activityC. Not relevant with affinity and intrinsic activityD. Strong affinity and no intrinsic activity, irreversible combination with receptorE. Strong affinity and no intrinsic activity, competition for the same receptor with agonist 38. 非竞争性桔抗剂( )A亲和力及内在活性都强 B具有一定亲和力但内在活性弱 C与亲和力和内在活性无关 D有亲和力，无内在活性，与受体不可逆性结合 E有亲和力，无内在活性，与激动剂竞争相同受体39. The action mode of drug ( )A. LocalB. Systemic C. DirectD. IndirectE. All of A, B, C and D40. 药物的作用方式是( ) A 局部作用B 全身作用C 直接作用D 间接作用E 以上全是41. Therapeutic effect and adverse effect of drug refer to ( )A. The selectivity of drug actionB. Dualism of drug actionC. Basic action of drugD. Mechanism of drug actionE. Mode of drug action42. 治疗作用和不良反应是( ) A 药物作用的选择性 B 药物作用的两重性 C 药物的基本作用 D 药物的作用机制 E 药物作用的方式43. Which one has the greatest therapeutic index ( )A. drug A: LD50=500mg ED50=100mgB. drug B: LD50=500mg ED50=25mgC. drug C: LD50=500mg ED50=50mgD. drug D: LD50=50mg ED50=5mgE. drug E: LD50=50mg ED50=25mg44. 化疗指数最大的药物是( ) A 药50=500mg ED50=100mg B 药50=500mg ED50=25mg C 药50=500mg ED50=50mg D 药50=50mg ED50=5mg E E药50=50mg ED50=25mg45. Which order is correct for the potency of the drugs shown in the following figure ( )A. ABCB. ACBC. BACD. BCAE. CBA EffectBCADose46. 图中所示甲乙丙三药，其效价强度比较为( )A 甲乙丙 B 甲丙乙 C 乙甲丙 D 乙丙甲 E 丙乙甲 乙丙甲效应剂量 47. Toxicity of drug ( )A. Is not relevant with the doseB. Occurs at the therapeutic doseC. Is caused by overdoseD. Is secondary to the therapeutic effectE. Is allergic reaction48. 毒性反应( ) A 与剂量无关 B 在治疗量下出现 C 因用药剂量过大或用药时间过长引起 D 是治疗作用引起的不良后果 E 是药物引起的变态反应49. The phenomenon that the effect can be reached by increasing the dose of drug after long duration is ( )A. Drug resistanceB. Drug toleranceC. Drug addictionD. TachyphylaxisE. Specificness50. 长期用药，需要增加剂量才能发挥疗效的现象，称之为( ) A耐药性B耐受性C成瘾性D快速耐受性E特异性51. The phenomenon that the sensitivity of drug to bacteria decreases or even disappears after long duration is ( )A. Drug resistanceB. Drug toleranceC. Drug addictionD. TachyphylaxisE. Specificness52. 长期用药，病原菌对药物敏感性下降甚至失效的现象，称之为( ) A耐药性B耐受性C成瘾性D快速耐受性E特异性53. Where does N1 receptor distribute? ( )A. Ganglion cellB. Myocardial cellC. Vascular smooth muscle cellD. Gastrointestinal smooth muscle cellE. Skeletal muscle cell54. N1受体主要位于 ( ) A 神经节细胞 B 心肌细胞 C 血管平滑肌细胞 D 胃肠平滑肌 E 骨骼肌细胞55. What is the receptor by activating which the dilatation of bronchus smooth muscle occurs? ( )A. aB. b1C. H1D. b2E. M56. 兴奋时产生舒张支气管平滑肌效应的主要受体是( ) A a受体 B b1受体 C H1受体 D b2受体 M受体57. Which is the main effect produced by activation of b1 receptor? ( )A. Dilatation of bronchus smooth muscleB. Increase of cardiac muscle contraction forceC. Contraction of skeletal muscleD. Contraction of gastrointestinal muscleE. Increase of secretion of gland58. 下述哪种是b1受体兴奋的主要效应 ( ) A 舒张支气管平滑肌 B 加强心肌收缩 C 骨骼肌收缩 D 胃肠平滑肌收缩 E 腺体分泌59. The rate-limiting enzyme which catalyzes the synthesis of noradrenaline is ( )A. CholinesteraseB. Choline acetylaseC. Monoamine oxidaseD. Dopa decarboxylaseE. Tyrosine hydroxylase60. 去甲肾上腺素合成的限速酶是 ( ) A胆碱酯酶 B胆碱乙酰化酶 C单胺氧化酶 D多巴脱羧酶 E酪氨酸羟化酶61. The enzyme which can inactivate the noradrenaline is ( )A. Monoamine oxidaseB. Cholinesterase C. Thyroid peroxidaseD. Synthetase of mucopeptide E. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 62. 主要使去甲肾上腺素灭活的酶是 ( )A 单胺氧化酶 B 胆碱酯酶 C 甲状腺过氧化物酶 D粘肽合成酶 E血管紧张素转化酶63. Enzyme which can be reversibly inhibited by neostigmine is ( )A. Monoamine oxidaseB. Cholinesterase C. Thyroid peroxidaseD. Synthetase of mucopeptide E. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 64. 新斯的明可逆性抑制的酶是A 单胺氧化酶 B 胆碱酯酶 C 甲状腺过氧化物酶D粘肽合成酶 E血管紧张素转化酶65. Which effect is not produced by activating the M receptor? ( )A. Decrease of heart rateB. Contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscle C. Contraction of gastrointestinal sphincter muscleD. Dilatation of sphincter muscle of urinary bladderE. Contraction of iris sphincter muscle (myosis)66. 下列哪种效应不是通过激动M受体实现的 ( ) A心率减慢 B胃肠道平滑肌收缩 C胃肠道括约肌收缩 D膀胱括约肌舒张E虹膜括约肌收缩(缩瞳)67. Which description is not correct? ( )A. The adrenoceptor in bronchus smooth muscle is 2 receptorB. The cholinoceptor in nerve ganglion is N1 receptorC. Atropine is a anticholine drugD. The cholinoceptor in motor end plate is N2 receptorE. Pilocarpine is a postganglionic anitcholinergic drug68. 下列描述哪项有错？( ) A 支气管平滑肌上的肾上腺素受体是2受体 B 神经节上的胆碱能受体是1受体 C 阿托品是抗胆碱药 D 运动神经终板上的胆碱能受体是2受体 E 毛果芸香碱是节后抗胆碱药69. Which one describing the clinical use of neosigmine is not correct? ( )A. Myasthenia gravisB. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardiaC. Angina caused by spasm of smooth muscleD. Generally not used for Myotica E. Rescue the toxicity by non-depolarizing muscular relaxant70. 有关新斯的明的临床用途下列错误的是 （ ） A 重症肌无力 B 阵发性室上性心动过速 C 平滑肌痉挛性绞痛 D通常不作眼科缩瞳药 E 解救非去极化肌松药中毒71. Which one is not the indication of anticholinesterase drug? ( )A. Myasthenia gravisB. Abdominal distensionC. Urinary retentionD. Atrial ventricular blockE. Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia72. 抗胆碱酯酶药的适应症不包括 （ ） A 重症肌无力B 腹胀气C 尿潴留D 房室传导阻滞E 阵发性室上性心动过速73. Drug which can obviously stimulate skeletal muscle is ( )A. AtropineB. TubocurarineC. PropranololD. NeostigmineE. Phentolamine 74. 兴奋骨骼肌作用明显的药物是 A 阿托品 B 筒箭毒碱 C 普萘洛尔（心得安） D 新斯的明 E 酚妥拉明75. Drug which can produce the effect of mydriasis is ( )A. PilocarpineB. Neostigmine C. AtropineD. PrazosinE. Morphine 76. 滴眼产生扩瞳效应的药物是 A 毛果芸香碱 B 新斯的明 C 阿托品D 哌唑嗪E 吗啡 77. The reason that pyraloxime iodide can rescue the toxicity by organophosphorus compounds is ( )A. Renaturation of cholinesteraseB. Directly antagonize the acetylcholineC. Block the M receptorD. Block the N receptorE. None of A, B, C and D78. 碘解磷定解救有机磷酸酯类(农药)中毒是因为 A能使失去活性的胆碱酯酶复活 B能直接对抗乙酰胆碱的作用 C有阻断M胆碱受体的作用 D有阻断N胆碱受体的作用 E 以上都不是79. The reason that organophosphorus compounds can cause toxicity is ( )A. Reversible inhibition of cholinesteraseB. Irreversible inhibition of cholinesteraseC. Direct inhibition of M and N receptorD. Direct activation of M and N receptorE. Enhancement of release of acetylcholine by motor nerve ending80. 有机磷农药中毒的原理 A易逆性胆碱酯酶抑制剂B 难逆性胆碱酯酶抑制剂 C直接抑制M受体，N受体 D直接激动M受体，N受体 E促进运动神经末梢释放 Ach81. Which drug can cause high intraocular pressure? ( )A. PilocarpineB. Atropine C. AdrenalineD. Noradrenaline E. Chlorpromazine 82. 眼内压升高可由何药引起 A 毛果芸香碱 B 阿托品 C 肾上腺素 D 去甲肾上腺素 E 氯丙嗪83. Which effect is not produced by activating the receptor? ( )A. Dilatation of bronchusB. Vasorelaxation of skeletal muscleC. Fast heart rateD. Strong contraction force of cardiac muscleE. Contraction of detrusor of bladder84. 下列哪些效应不是通过激动受体产生的 A 支气管舒张 B 骨骼肌血管舒张 C 心率加快 D心肌收缩力增强 E膀胱逼尿肌收缩85. Which one is correct on the description of adrenaline?A. Directly activate ，1，2 receptorB. Strongly activate ，receptor, weakly activate receptorC. Activate ，, DA receptorD. Directly antagonize ，1，2 receptorE. Activate receptor86. 关于肾上腺素的描述正确的是 A 直接激动，1，2受体 B 主要激动受体，微弱激动受体 C 激动，DA受体 D 直接拮抗，1，2受体 E 主要激动受体87. Which description about dobutamine is correct? ( )A. Selectively activate bl receptorB. Selectively activate b2 receptorC. Activate both bl and b2 receptorsD. Weakly activate b receptorE. Activate a, bl and DA receptor88. 多巴酚丁胺A选择性激动bl受体 B选择性激动b2受体 C对bl和b2受体都有激动作用 D对b受体作用很弱 E对a、bl和多巴胺受体都有激动作用89. Which drug is immediately i.m given once allergic shock is induced by penicillin? ( )A. Adrenocortical hormoneB. Calcium chlorideC. Noradrenaline D. AdrenalineE. Atropine90. 青霉素过敏性休克一旦发生，应立即注射 A 肾上腺皮质激素B 氯化钙C 去甲肾上腺素 D 肾上腺素 E 阿托品91. Which disease can not be treated by isoprenaline? ( )A. Bronchial asthmaB. Cardiac asthmaC. ShockD. Cardiac arrestE. Atrioventricular block92. 下列哪一情况不能用异丙肾上腺素治疗？A 支气管哮喘 B 心源性哮喘 C 休克 D 心跳骤停 E 房室传导阻滞93. Which description on salbutamol is correct? ( )A. Selectively activate bl receptorB. Selectively activate b2 receptorC. Activate both bl and b2 receptorsD. Weakly activate b receptorE. Activate a, bl and DA receptor94. 沙丁胺醇A选择性激动bl受体 B选择性激动b2受体 C对bl和b2受体都有激动作用 D对b受体作用很弱 E对a、bl和多巴胺受体都有激动作用95. Which drug can reverse the BP raising effect by adrenaline? ( )A. PhentolamineB. NeostigmineC. PilocarpineD. EphedrinE. Atropine96. 能使肾上腺素升压作用翻转的药物是A酚妥拉明B 新斯的明C 毛果芸香碱D 麻黄碱E 阿托品97. Which contraindication is related to the propranolol? ( )A. GlaucomaB. Abdominal distentionC. Urinary retentionD. Prostatic hypertrophyE. Bronchial asthma98. 与普萘洛尔有关的禁忌症是 A 青光眼 B 腹胀气 C 尿潴留 D前列腺肥大 E支气管哮喘99. The reason that phentolamine dilates the vessel is ( ).A. Blockade of 1 receptor in postsynaptic membraneB. Activation of M receptorC. Activation of receptor in presynaptic membraneD. Blockade of 2 receptor in presynaptic membraneE. Activation of DA receptor100. 酚妥拉明舒张血管的原理是 A 阻断突触后膜1受体B 主要奋M受体 C 兴奋突触前膜受体D 主要阻断突触前膜2受体 E 激动多巴胺受体 101. Which drug can induce the local necrosis if it leaks out the vessel? ( )A. AdrenalineB. Atropine C. IsoprenalineD. DopamineE. Noradrenaline102. 静滴外漏易致局部坏死的药物是 A 肾上腺素 B 阿托品 C 异丙肾上腺素 D 多巴胺 E 去甲肾上腺素103. What is the mechanism by which antipyretic analgesic reduces the fever? ( )A. Inhibition of synthesis of central PGB. Inhibition of synthesis of peripheral PGC. Inhibition of degradation of central PGD. Inhibition of degradation of peripheral PGE. Enhancement of release of central PG104. 解热镇痛药的退热作用机制是： A.抑制中枢PG合成 B.抑制外周PG合成 C.抑制中枢PG降解 D.抑制外周PG降解 E.增加中枢PG释放105. What is the mechanism by which antipyretic analgesic relieves the pain? ( )A. Blockade of impulse transduction of afferent nerveB. Reduction of sensitivity of sensory fiber sensorC. Inhibitio