初中英语核心动词汇总.doc

大智教育 责任 规范 实效 品质2012初中英语动词汇总 1.accept vt.&vi. 接受，同意receive 收到(但不一定接受)2.ache vi. 痛 n. 疼痛aches and pains 各种各样的病痛3.achieve vt.完成，实现，达到n. achievementachieve ones goals 达到目的4.act vi.行动 vt.扮演其他意思：n. 行为act as (临时)担任，充当;扮演的角色;起的作用catch sb. in the (very) act (of doing sth.)(=catch sb. red handed)当场捉到某人donkey act 美俚蠢笨的行动Dutch act 美俚自杀5.add vt.&vi. 添加，加add in 算入; 包括add to增加, 加到add up 加起来, 总计; 和预期产总数相等;add up to总计共达; (总起来看)等于说; 意味着6.address vt. 写地址 其他意思：n. 住址，演说accommodation address 临时通讯处be addressed to ab. 寄给7.advise vt. 劝告，建议，通知advice un.建议a piece of adviceadvise sb. to do sth . 建议做8.afford vt. 负担得起，买得起，提供afford time/money (动词前往往有情态动词can或cant)9. agree vt.&vi. 同意，赞成agree like cats and dogs 水火不相容agree to do 同意做。agree with同意.的意见; 与.一致; 对.适合10.aim vi. 瞄准，针对 其他意思：n.目标，目的11.allow vt. 准许 allowance 津贴allow doing 允许做allow sb. to do 允许某人做be allowed to do 被允许做12.answer vt. 回答，答复其他意思n.答案，回答soft answer 温和委婉的回答answer the door /telephonethe answer to the questionanswer the question = reply to the question13.arrive vi. 到达 n arrivalarrive at/in 到达(目的地); 达到, 得出(结论等)(没有明确地点arrive)=get to = reach (够到，达到某种水平或数字)14.ask vt. 询问，请求，要求ask sb. for sth 要; 请求, 征求 要(价) 找ask sb. (not) to do sth.15.avoid vt.避免，撤销avoid doing 避免做某事16.awake vt.唤醒 vi.醒 其他意思：adj. 醒着的be wide/broad awake 完全醒着 警觉; 不易上当受骟 完全知道, 充分觉察到awake to the fact that 认识到.的事实be/keep awake 醒着17. wake v. 醒wake up 醒来e.g. James usually wakes up early.wake sb up 叫醒e.g. My mother wakes me up at six oclock.辨析： wake多用于不及物动词 waken只用于及物动词 awake指唤醒(意志) 也可为adj指清醒的18.be (is am are was were being been) v. 是 存在 aux.v (无词义)Let it be. 随它去be+及物动词过去分词 构成被动语态be+现在分词 构成进行时be+有to的不定式 表示约定 计划 职责 义务 愿望 可能 命运等The book is to come out.You are not to do that. 你不该那样做.be for 到去 赞成Im for Shanghai.We are for just war.be from 从来 生在(某处)be gone. 走开,不见了。have been to+次数 去过某地几次have been in +地点+时间段 在某地带了多长时间19.beat v.打败 敲打 (心脏等)跳动 打动(心)win (won won) vt获胜，赢得(比赛荣誉等等)win在游戏、比赛、竞赛、选举等中获胜，常跟game,race,competition,war等表示物的单词beat 在运动比赛中获胜，打败了其他人或其他队，常跟sb,class,some team等表示人的单词(beat=defeat)n.(连续的)敲打(声) (时钟等的)滴答声 (心脏 脉搏等的)跳动 悸动 节拍off/on the beat (不)和节拍20.bear v. 容忍 负担，孕育 n. 熊bear and forbear 一忍再忍be born in /at 出生born adj 天生的 He was a born poet . 他天生就是个诗人。21.become v. 变得 成为表变化的系动词 become be get go22.begin v. 开始 在完成时态中须变成be onbegin with 以开始begin to do/doing 开始做to begin with 首先 第一To begin with, he is too young.Well begun is half done . 良好的开端是成功的一半。23.behave v. 行为举止 behavior n. 行为举止behave oneself=behave well24.believe v. 相信 认为 否定前置 believable adj. 可信的believe sb.=believe what sb.saidbelieve in sb.=trust sbbelieve it or not 信不信由你25.belong v. 属于belong to 属于26.blow v. 吹blow ones nose 擤鼻子27.boat v. 划船go boating/swimming/shopping/sightseeing28.book v. 预定 n. 书 bookworm 书虫book a ticket to the concert29. borrow v. 借borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物lend sb. sth = lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人keep sth for some time 借多长时间30.break v. 打破 违反break the rules= be against the rulesbreak down (机器等)坏了 车抛锚break into 破门而入break out (火灾，水灾等)发生n. 休息 have a break31.breathe v. 呼吸breathe in/out 吸入/呼出breath n. 呼吸out of breath 气喘吁吁hold ones breath 屏住呼吸take a deep breath 深呼吸32.build v. 建造build up 确立 树立;促进(身体康复)33.burn v. 燃烧burn daylight 白昼点灯 徒劳无益burn to the ground 烧成灰烬burn up 烧完 燃尽money burns a hole in ones pocket 钱烧包burnt adj. 烧糊的34.buy v. 买buy sth. for sb.=buy sb sthhave sth for some time 买了多长时间35.call v.叫,叫做,打电话 n.电话 叫喊声make a phone call to sb 给打电话call for要求call off 取消call in 召集call at 访问(某处) (车船等)停靠(某地).call on (1).访问(sb.),(2).号召;要求call back (1).回电话;(2).召回,叫回来call up (1).打电话 (2).使人想起36. camp n.露营地, 阵营 v.露营go camping37.can n.罐头，听头，容器 v.能够(1)=be able to do(2)must be 表示肯定的猜测， cant be 表示否定猜测38. cancel v.取消, 删去cancel sth out 抵消cancellation n.取消39. carry v.携带, 搬运carry on sth 从事carry on (with sth/doing sth)继续carry out 开展, 实现, 完成, 进行到底 贯彻, 执行, 落实40. catchv.捉逮, 截住, 捕获,赶上(车、船等)领悟, 听清, 了解, 理会catch up with追上, 赶上,Speak slowly please,I cant catch you .41.cause n.原因, 理由, 缘故; 目标, 事业 v. 引起，使发生cause 指“产生结果的原因” 或“使某事发生的原因”, 如:Carelessness is the cause of his failure. 粗心是他失败的原因。reason 指“根据事实、情况或产生的结果,推导出结论的理由或道理”, 如:The reason for the flood was all that heavy rain. 那场大雨是发生洪水的原因。42. celebrate v. 举行(仪式); 庆祝(胜利等); 祝贺，赞美, 颂扬，公布, 发表celebration n. 庆祝，典礼43. centre v.集中 n.中心centre around/on 集中于 in the centre of 在的中心44. change n.改变, 变化, 转变, 找回的零钱 v.改变, 变革, 改造, 兑换change ones mind 改变某人主意change into 变成.翻译成Here is your change. 这是找回的零钱。Great changes have taken place in my hometown since I left .45.chant n.圣歌 v.赞美，喃喃地唱46.cheat n.欺骗, 骗子v.欺骗, 骗取47.check n.支票 v.检查, 制止, 核对, 寄存, 托运check in 签到; 报到; 办理住宿手续;48.cheer n.愉快 v. (使)快活, (对)欢呼 cheerful adj 高兴的，欢呼的cheer up 欢呼,振作cheer sb. up 使振作起来cheers ! 干杯!Heres to 为了49.choose v.选择, 选定 choice n. 选择choose to do 选择做have no choicemake a /ones choice50.circle n.圆周, 圆形物, 派系, 循环 v.围, 环绕in circles 打转转; 毫无进展51.clap n.拍手声, 霹雳声v.鼓掌, 轻拍52.clean adj.清洁的, 干净的, 清白的v.打扫, 使干净, 清扫clean/clear/tidy up 收拾干净keep the room tidy and clean 53.climb v.攀登, 爬 n.攀登, 爬54.clone n.无性繁殖, 克隆 v.无性繁殖, 复制55.close v.关, 关闭, 结束, 停止, n.结束adj.近的,亲密的 adv.接近, 紧密地close down (工厂等的)关闭， 停歇;(电台的)停止播音be close to 和亲近，离近close friends 亲密朋友keep your eyes closed and keep your mouth open56.cook vt&vi 1.烹调，煮cook the meal = do some cookingn 厨师cooker n 厨具cookery n 烹饪术57. copy v. 抄，复制;模仿，效仿(某人或某事);抄袭a copycat 盲目地模仿者n. 抄本，复制品;(杂志、书籍、报纸等)一本，一册Eg Did you get your copy of “China Daily” today?58.cost 值;花费(无被动式)sth cost sb sm(to do)sb spend money/time (in) doing sth./on +n.sb pay money for sthIt take sb time to do sthHow much does it cost?=What is the price of it?n. 价格;成本at the cost of 以为代价at all costs 不惜任何代价eg. We must avoid war,at all cost. 我们必须不惜任何代价避免战争。cost of living 生活费用59.cough vi 咳嗽 n 咳嗽;咳嗽声have a cough60.count v.计算;数count down 倒计时 count in 包括eg If you are planning a trip to Florida,count me in.如果你们计划到佛罗里达，把我算在里面。Dont count your chicken before they are hatched .不要过早乐观。61.cover v. 覆盖，遮蔽;包括，网罗，涉及;旅行，走;采访(事件);够;eg.I want to cover 100 miles before it gets dark. 我希望在天黑前走100英里n. 覆盖物;靠垫;封皮be covered with/by 由覆盖62.create v 创造;创建create friendships with sbcreation n.创造;创造品creator n. 创造者 造物主 creative adj 有创63.cross v.穿过，渡过;across prep. 穿过 (表面)through prep. 通过 (中间)cross adj. 生气的 Your mother will be cross if you are late.n. 十字架crossing n 十字路口64.cry v. 哭;大声哭喊;叫喊;cry out against 大声疾呼反对cry out for 急需;迫切需要eg. The garden is crying out for rain.这个花园急需雨水。65. cut v.切;坎;删除;减少;停止(供煤气、电等)cut down 砍倒cut up 切开cut into pieces 切成碎片n.切口，刀伤，伤口;减少，降低;切牌66.eat v.吃, 腐蚀 eatable adj. 可食用的eat up吃光,eat like a bird吃得极少eat like a horse 吃得多eat like a wolf贪婪地吃, 狼吞虎咽eat ones words食言, 取消诺言, 认错道歉67.end v&n. 结束, 终结, 终止We play football when school ends.in the end最终地;终于=at last=finallyat the end of 在的尽头/末尾by the end of 到时为止(后接过去的时间，用过去完成时)68.enjoy vt.享受.的乐趣, 欣赏, 喜爱enjoyable adj.(形容词)enjoyment n. 快乐，乐事enjoy oneself过得快乐69.enter vt.进入, 加入, 参加, 登录, 开始vi.进去, 戏登场, 参加enter for报名参加enter the competition 70. examine v&n.检查, 调查, 考试look sb. over = examine sb71.excite vt.刺激, 使兴奋, 使激动vi.兴奋, 激动 excitement n.72.excuse vt. 原谅, 申辩, n. 借口excuse me int. 对不起excuse oneself 为自己辩解make up an excuse 编借口73.expect vt.期待, 预期, 盼望, 指望,expect (sb.) to do =look forward to doing74.experience vt.经验, 体验, n(c) 经历, 阅历 n(u)经验experienced adj 有经验的75. explain v. 解释, 说明 explanation n.76.express vt. 表达, 表示expression n. 短语77.fail fail to do 未能做某事failure n. 失败78.fall fall off 从跌落 =fall down fromfall in love(with) (与)坠入爱河fall over 落在上;跌倒 翻车fall behind 落后79.feed feed on 以为食物feed up 供给食物3 be fed up with 厌倦了80.feel feel like doing 想要做某事=would like to do = want to do作系动词，后加adj. 没有被动态81.fetch 去取来=gettake 拿走 take sb to sp /take sth with sb /take sb around spbring 带来 bring sb sth = bring sth to sb82.fight v&n fight against sth. 与抗争fight back 还击fight for 为而战83.fill be filled with 里充满=be full offill in 填写84.find find out 查出,查明(事情的真相)look for 寻找(强调动作)find 找到 (强调结果)search sb for sth 搜查某地找某物find+it+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.85.finish finish doing 完成做某事86.fish v. 钓鱼 n 鱼(可数，单复同形。)鱼肉 (不可数)fish in troubled waters 浑水摸鱼 趁火打劫87.fit v. 合适 (大小，肥瘦)suit v 合适 (式样，风格，颜色等)88.fix v. 修理=mend=repair把某物钉在某地88.fly v. 飞 n.苍蝇Time flies !89.follow v. 跟随.理解，听从I didnt quite follow what he was saying .It will be better if you follow my advice .90.force v. 强制force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事91.forget v. 忘记 forgetful adj 健忘的forget to do 忘记去做某事forget doing 忘记做过某事92.freeze v. 冻结;愣住 freezing adj 极冷的Smile froze on his face .He shouted , “Freeze!” 别动!93.get: 得到;到达;取来;变得;理解;准备(饭); 患 ;登上(车，飞机等)get down: 写下，记下;咽下，拿下get to: 到达get on/off (a bus): 上/下车;get into/out of(a car):get together; 聚会，相聚get up: 起床get in 收割get sth. done = have sth doneget on well with94.give: 给，交给，递给;赠送;提供;交付;举give sb. sth = give sth. to sb,give in: 妥协，让步，屈服give up doing/for sth: 放弃做某事give sth back to sb: 把归还给某人95.go: 去;离开;变得;处于(某种状态);去某地 做某事be gone: 离开了，消失了go ahead: 做计划中的事情go back to: 追溯到go by: 经过;(时间)逝去go for: 试图得到某物go off: 中断;(铃)大声响;爆炸go on with/doing sth: 继续做某事go on to do sth: 接着做某事(另外一件事)go out: 出去;(火;灯)熄灭go over: 仔细查看go through:经历， 仔细检查go bad 变坏(质)96.grow: 长大;(植物)生长;种植;逐渐变成;(问题)变得更大/严重grow up: 长大成人;(习惯、习俗)形成bring up 抚养grown-up: 成年的;大人grow vegetables 种蔬菜grow tall 长高97.guess: 猜测;推测，估计98.hand n 手，(表的)指针 vt 交出，传递hand inhand outhand onhand in handgive sb. a handon the other hand99. hang v. 悬挂;吊死，绞死100.happen v 发生happen to sbhappen to do.Great changes have taken place in my hometown since 1999.101.hate v 憎恨，厌恶hate doing sth.102.have v 1)有2)使，让 have sb dohave sth. done3) (dont) have to4) have done103.hear v 听见 (强调结果)1)hear sb. do2) hear sb. doing sth.3)hear from sb.4) hear of /about5)Im sorry to hear that.listen to 听(强调动作)104.heat v. 加热 n 热量105 help v&n 帮助1)help sb. with sth2)help sb (to)do sth3) help oneself to + n.4) cant helping106. hide v 藏hide and seek107. hit v打，击中hit sb. on the back/shoulder/nose/headhit sb in the face/stomach108. hold v 拿，举行hold on (打电话专用语)稍等109.hope v. 希望hope to dohope thatI hope so.110. hurry v 匆忙hurry to do = do sth in a hurry111 .imagine v. 设想，猜想，想象imagine doing sth例：Its hard to imagine living in a palace.imagine that例：I magine that youve won a million pounds.imagine someone doing sth例：I simply cant imagine George helping with the baby!n. imagination 想象力adj. imaginative 富有想象力的112.improve v. 改善，改进,提高improve yourself 求上进的n. improvement 改进;进步例：There has certainly been an improvement in his behavior.113.include v. 包括，包含The price includes postage charges.prep. including例：There were 20 people in this room, including the teacher.114. increase v./n. 增长increase rapidly 增长迅速increase by/to 增长了/到adj. increasing 增长的adv. increasingly 越来越多的反义词 v. decrease 减少，降低115.injure v. 使受伤，弄伤 injured adj 受伤的wound v 受伤 n 伤口 wounded adj 受伤的hurt v 疼，伤着 n (精神上的)伤痛 adj 受伤的be badly/seriously injured/hurt例：She was badly injured in the accident.受到枪、剑、刀的攻击而负伤可用wound用其他武器致伤或在事故中受伤用 injured 或hurt用wound和injure比用hurt严重116、insist v. 坚持，强调insist on doing sth/ n.insist that (坚持让别人做事用虚拟，should+v. 坚持自己做事无需用虚拟)例：Tom insisted that he was mistaken.Tom insisted that everyone should come to the party .117.interview v. 采访have/do an interview with sb = give an interview to sbn. interviewee 接受采访者interviewer 采访者118. introduce v. 介绍 n. introduction 介绍;引言introduce sb to sb/sth例：He introduced us to Thai food.119. invent v. 发明n. inventor 发明家 invention 发明虚构;捏造 例： The whole story was invented.120. invite v. 介绍invite sb to spinvite sb to do sthn. 邀请;请柬 invitation 例：Did you get an invitation to the wedding.121.join 连接;加入join sb/team/club/Party/League/armyjoin (sb) in sth/doing sth 跟某人一起做某事take part in the sports meeting122.jump 跳the high / long jumpjump the queuea queue jumper123.keep v. 保持keep away keep (sb.) doingkeep +adj.keep sb from doing129. land n. 陆地 v. 登陆by land 由陆路 on land 在陆地上124. last adj. 最后的 adv.最后 v. 持续last for 持续多久at last 最后 =in the end = finally125. laugh n.& vi. 笑 laughter 笑声laugh at sb 嘲笑某人126. lie-lied-lied lyinglie-lay-lain-lyinglay-laid-laid-laying127. lead 领导; 带领lead to 通向; 引导 导致，引起lead /live a (dogs ) life 过着的生活lead the way 领路All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马128. learn 学习learn to do 学着去做learn about sth. 了解learn from sb./ sth. 向学习learn sth by oneself= teach oneself sth129. leave 离开leave for sp. 前往某地leave sp. for sp. 离开某地去某地leave sb. alone/ on ones own/ by oneself 把某人单独留在leave sth. +prep. + sp. 把某物落在某地leave a message 留言We have a few minutes left .(作剩下讲，往往用过去分词放在所修饰名词的后面)Leave +n +done/doing/adj 使处于某种状态He left the room ,leaving the window open .130. lend 借出lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人= lend sth. to sb.131. let make have 让Let /make have sb. do sth 让某人做某事 be let /made had to domake 的强迫意味最浓 ，have次之，let有允许的意味132. lift vt. 举起 vi 云彩的消散 n. 电梯lift sb./sth. up 把某人/某物举起The radio says the clouds will lift soon .133. list v 列表 n. 单子134. listen 听listen to 听 (强调听的过程) hear 听见 (强调结果)listen up 注意听135. litter v 扔垃圾 n 垃圾No littering !136. live v 居住 adj&adv 实况转播living adj 活着的 放在所修饰的词的前面alive adj 活着的 放在所修饰词的后面 living fish = fish alivelively adj 生动的 (story) 活泼的 (girl ) 热闹的 (station)make a living by doing 以谋生137. lock lock the door 锁门138. look 看look after 照看look for 寻找look forward to doing 盼望look like 看起来像look out 留神;当心=watch out =take care =be carefullook the same 看起来像look through 浏览look up 向上看; 在字典里查look out of 向外看look at 看have/take a look at 看look sb in the eye 直视某人的眼睛look down on sb 藐视某人look after sb well = take good care of sb = care for sb well (变被动态时介词别掉了)Look before you leap . 139. lose v 丢失 adj lost丢了miss v 错过， 想念 adj missingHe is missing = He is lost .They are looking for the lost boy .be /get lost 迷路lose ones way 迷路140.spread: 传播141.stand: 站立，忍受，使直立stand in line 站在队里142.start: 开始start doing/ to do 开始做某事 n. at the start = at the beginning 开始时143. stay v. 留下，暂停，保持某种状态stay up 熬夜stay fit /cool 保持健康 /凉爽144. steal v. 偷steal sth. from sb. 偷某人的东西145.stick v. 粘住，粘贴 n.: 木棒，枝条146.study vt.&vi. 学习，研究 n. 书房147.succeed vi. 成功success n. 成功，成功的人或事successful adj. 成功的succeed in doing 成功做成谋事fail v. 失败failure n. 失败fail to do 失败做某事Failure is the mother of the success. 失败是成功之母。148.suggest v. 建议，指出，暗示suggestion n. 提议，意见，暗示suggest that 表明(不虚拟)建议(虚拟) should dodoing 建议做某事make a suggestion 提建议149.supply vt. 补给，供应，提供，代理 vi. 替代他人职务n.补给供应品 (supplies)supply sb. with sth./sth. to sb. 给提供offer sb. sth./sth. to sb. 给提供provide sb with sth. / sth. for sb.150.suppose vt. 推想，假设 vi. 料想be supposed to do 理应，应该151.surprise vt. 使惊奇，使吃惊 n. 惊奇to ones surprise 让某人感到吃惊surprise sb. 使某人吃惊be surprised at sth. 对感到吃惊be surprised to do 吃惊地做do sth. in surprise 吃惊地做surprised adj. 惊奇的surprising adj. 使人吃惊的152.sweep vt.&vi. 扫，扫除sweep the floor 扫地153.swim vi.&n. 游泳go swimming 去游泳swimmer 游泳者swimming pool 游泳池swimming suit 游泳衣swimming cap 游泳帽swimming trunks 游泳裤154.swing vt. 摆动n. 秋千，摇摆155.share vt.分享,均分,共有,分配 vi.分享share a room 共用,分摊,共有share sadness 分担share ideas 交换想法156.shine v.照耀,发光shine in through the window 透过窗户照耀进来157.shop v .买东西,购物do some shopping = go shoppingshop for sth158.shout vi&vt 喊shout at sb.对某人大喊大叫shout ones name大声喊某人的名字159.show vt.给看，上映，演出;说明，表明，引领be on show 在展览，在演出show off 炫耀,夸耀,卖弄show sb sth = show sth to sbshow sb around = take sb around160.shut v.关上,闭上,关闭shut down 把关上shut off 切断,中断(供水,供气) 与隔绝shut up 关上全部门窗 ,囚禁,把存放在箱子里,住口,停止谈话161.sing v.唱,演唱eg: She sang as she worked.她工作的时候唱歌.162.sit v. 坐sit down坐下163.skate v. 滑冰ski v. 滑雪164.sleep v. 睡觉asleep adj 睡着的sleepyadj困的165.smell 闻166.smile 微笑smile at sb 向某人微笑167.smoke v. 抽烟 n.烟， 烟雾No smoking 禁止吸烟168.snow v&n下雪,雪169.sort v&n.把(物品)分类, 种类sort sth out 把某物分类170、sell v 卖(1) sell sb sth = sell sth to sb 卖给某人某样东西(2) sell sth for +money 卖多少钱sale n 卖(1) sa