语音元音辅音授课讲稿.doc

第一章 英语辅音(1)（4学时）教学目标和要求：通过本章的学习，使学生掌握英语辅音的发音。教学重点和难点：摩擦和爆破教学方式：教师讲授；学生练习模仿Part I. Friction Consonants ( 2 hours)There are ten friction consonants in English. For all of them the lungs push air through a narrow opening where it causes friction of various kinds. Let the students look at the figures in the textbook for the positions of the speech organs. 1. f and v1) How to make the sound: Press the lower lip against the upper teeth allowing the air to force its way between them. 2) Tips: Notice the difference between f and w, f and the Chinese 夫 sound.3) Practice:Love over never friendslifelive safe-savefresh fruit fast food family lifevery well a very good friend the Fifth AvenueNever say never. I have a fever.2. and 1) How to make the sound:Put the tip of the tongue between the upper and lower teeth allowing the air to pass between the tip of the tongue and the upper teeth.2) Practice:Healthy teeth faith in truth Another brother breath together fine weatherThanks. Thank you very much.I think that people thinkExcuse me, I have to use the bathroom.His father and mother went through thick and thin. 3. s and z1) How to make the sound:Raise the tip of the tongue toward the upper teeth ridge with the air coming out of the narrow passage between them.2) Tips: Notice the difference between s and the Chinese 思.3) Practice:the Sixth sense a nice song sea-sicknessJazz music busy business Susans zippersStrong sense of responsibilityslightly sour soupSam, pass me the salt, please4. and 1) How to make the sound:Push out the lips, raise the tip of the tongue toward the front part of the hard palate forming a narrow channel2) Tips:Notice difference between and the Chinese 诗.3) Practicewash the dish fashion show friendship shopmeasure for measure casual wear an unusual decisionShe sells sea shells on the sea shore;The shells that she sells are sea shells Im sureSo if she sells sea shells on the sea shoreIm sure that the shells are sea shore shells.4) Contrasting and missionvision pressurepleasure socialusual5. h1) How to make the sound:Open the mouth and sigh in a relaxed manner, without sound.2) Tips: It is different from the Chinese 喝.3) Practice:hot home high behindhappy childhood high heels help in the hospital In Hertford, Hereford and Hampshire hurricanes hardly ever happen. ( From My Fair Lady)6. r1) How to make the sound:Put the tip of tongue near, but not toughing, the back part of the upper teeth ridge, the main body of the tongue is kept low and the front is held concave allowing the air to escape.2) TipsIt is different from the Chinese 日. 3) Practice right great road Ralph Rock and Roll green grass Robert Rolly rolled a round roll around the Roman ruins.Part II. Stop Consonants ( 1 hour)Stop consonants are made by stopping the breath completely at some point in the mouth, by the lips or tongue tip or tongue back. And then the air rushes out with slight explosion. Ask the students to look at the figures in the textbook for the difference in the position of the organs of speech. 1. p and b1) How to make the sound:The stop is made by the two lips2) Tips:Notice the difference between b and the Chinese 波. 3) Practice:riprib cap-cab cupcub supperrubberbook a bull in a china shopAll I want is a proper cup of coffeeMade in a proper copper coffee potYou can believe it or notBut I just want a cup of coffeeIn a proper coffee potTin coffee pots or iron coffee potsAre no use to meIf I can not have A proper cup of coffeeIn a proper copper coffee pot Ill have a cup of tea 2. t and d1) How to make the sound:The stop is made by holding the tip of the tongue against the teeth ridge.2) Practiceseatseed betbed hathadThree turtles took turns talking tongue twisters.If three turtles took turns talking tongue twisters,where are the twisters the three turtles talked?同化：last year Nice to meet you. You get what you pay for. Dont you think its ugly?Have a seat, would you? k and g1) How to make the sound:The stop is made by holding the back of the tongue against the soft palate.2) Practice:backbag dockdog pickpigIm a big big girl in a big big world.How many cookies could a cook cook,if a cook could cook cookies?The great Greek grape growers grow great Greek grapes.失爆： sandwich windmill laptop host family quite lateI dont want to go.Im a big big girl in a big big world. 连读：take care next topic part-timeLSE M&Ms in LA L.O.V.E Im an MA e in open up turn overkeep it up bring it onI needed it. I just kind of figured it out.I swear it all over again. You can email us. 弱化：Ill ask him. I see him.Well give her a second chance.people that have really struggled and that have done really wellPart III. Affricate Consonants ( 1 hour)An affricate consonant is a stop in which the articulating organs are separated more slowly than in the case of normal plosives. There is no noticeable explosion, but on the release of the stop a fricative consonant is heard.1. t and d1) How to make the sound:The stop is made by the front part of the tongue against the teeth ridge and then the air is slowly released, and it escapes over the surface of the tongue. 2) Practice:catchcadge larchlarge richridgeChinese children nature or culture cheddar cheesea large college orange juice Georges job T-shirt and Jeanscook chicken in the kitchenShe is such a good teacher. 2. ts and dz1) How to make the sound:Place the main part of the tongue as for s and bring the tip of the tongue to touch the teeth ridge; air is forced from the lungs and then the tongue is removed not too quickly from the teeth ridge.2) Practice:cards and boards pots and pans odds and ends3. tr and dr1) How to make the sound:Place the main part of the tongue as for r and bring the tip to tough the back part of the teeth ridge; air is forced from the lungs and then the tongue is removed not too quickly from the teeth ridge.2) Practice;trydry train-drain trackdraga truck driver trick or treat第二章 英语元音（6学时）教学目标和要求：通过本章的学习，使学生掌握英语元音的发音。教学重点和难点：各类元音教学方式：教师讲授；学生练习模仿Part I. Front Vowels ( 1 hour) For all of the front vowels, the tip of the tongue is pressed against the lower teeth. The front part of the tongue is raised at varying degrees. There is no lip-rounding; lips are spread or kept neutral.1. i1) How to make the sound:The front of the tongue nearly touches the front part of the hard palate, and the muscles of the tongue and cheeks are tense. The lips are drawn back in a smile and a long voiced sound is produced.2) Practice:pea leave tea dealgreen tee eat the beef clean sheet2. 1) How to make the soundThe general position of the tongue resembles that of i, but the front of the tongue is lower and drawn back a little. The lips are loosely spread and the tongue is lax.2) Practicesit tip chip fishbit by bit little by little pickled fishpick up the stick a slip of tongue3) Contrasting i and beatbit Petepit seensin beanbinIts quite filling. Just a feeling. Hit by a feeling.trick or treat3. e1) how to make the sound:The lips are more loosely spread and slightly further apart than for . The front of the tongue is near the upper teeth ridge.2) PracticeEgg well else thenmy best friends wedding red egg step by stepBetter late than never.Alls well that ends well.East or west, home is best.4. 1) how to make the sound:The front of the tongue is slightly raised. The whole tongue lies low in the mouth. The lips are spread with the widest opening between the jaws among the front vowels.2) Practice:mat snack hands hatold campus new campus a happy manhand in hand matter-of fact attitudeGeorge Gabs grabs crabs.Crabs George Gabs grabs.When George Gabs grabs crabs,How does George Gabs grab crabs?Can you can a can as the canners can a can? Yes, I can. I can can what can be canned, but I cant can what cant be canned. 3) Contrasting and aibikeback handbehind microeconomicsmacroeconomicsPart II. Central Vowels ( 1 hour)There are three central vowels. For all of them the tip of the tongue touches the base of the lower teeth ridge. The tongue is flat in the mouth. The lips are spread or neutral with no lip-rounding. 1. 1) how to make the sound;The center of the tongue is raised with the tongue resting in a relaxed fashion in the bottom of the mouth. The lips are spread in the shape of a rectangular.2) Practice:cup bug money gumfill the cup a dusty rug enough money for the monthWell begun is half done.2. 1) how to make the sound;The center of the tongue is raised with considerable tongue tension. The opening between the jaws is narrow.fur turn search eartha dirty skirt the girls curls the first termFirst come, first served.Its early bird that catches the worm.3. 1) how to make the soundThis is somewhat like but shorter and more relaxed.2) Practice:China soda campus syrupa book about China want some soda the famous campusbetter and better have a get-togetherPart III. Back Vowels ( 1 hour)There are five back vowels. For all of them the tip of the tongue is withdrawn towards the soft palate. Lip-rounding plays an important part in producing all the back vowels except for a:. 1. u1) how to make the sound;The back of the tongue is raised the highest. This sound is the most tense and most lip-rounded of the back vowels.2) Practicecool juice boot flu stoop by a cool pool fruit juice April Fools day new blue shoes2. u1) how to make the sound:This sound is produced with the tongue in a relaxed position. The lips are loosely rounded. 2) Practice;good book pudding put look at the wolf some good cookies put some sugar in the pudding How much wood would a woodchuck chuckif a woodchuck could chuck woodA woodchuck would chuck as much wood as a woodchuck could chuckif a woodchuck could chuck wood 3. 1) how to make the sound:This sound has a low, mid-back tongue position; the lips are tense and protruded.2) practice:corn cornbread cornflakes law tore storm aall in all in a small hall more and more4. 1) How to make the sound:This sound is made with wide open jaws and slight open lip-rounding, the back of the tongue is kept very low and far back.2) Practice:job doll gone topwash the mop locks and boxes borrow a novelThis coffee is top quality.5. 1) how to make the soundThe tongue is held very low. The mouth is opened wide with no lip-rounding. The sound is like the exclamation “Ah!”.2) Practice;car bar jar far bath cigarPart IV. Diphthongs ( 3 hours)A diphthong is a glide from one vowel to another. It is pronounced as one syllable. The loudness becomes less as the glide goes on, so the second element of the diphthong is only lightly sounded.1. e1) how to make the sound:A glide from e in the direction of i. The lips are spread.2) Practice:face change greata late train May Day the name of the play save faceNo pains, no gains.Call a spade a spade.Its pay day today.2. a1) how to make the sound:A glide from a position near that for a: in the direction of i.2) Practicemile ice kite July heightnice ice flying the cat my bikeTime and tide wait for no man.Strike while the iron is still hot.3. 1) how to make the sound:A glide from in the direction of i.2) practice:oil joy boiled enjoy coina spoiled boy boiling water annoying noise4. a) How to make the sound:To make this sound start from , then slide away, rounding the lips slightly.b) Practice: tomorrow toast shoulder throat an old boat rolling stone upload and download You go, I go, we both go to buy some soap and bowls.5. aa) How to make the sound: A glide from a: in the direction of u.b) Practice:cow doubt flower housea night owl loud sound downtown6. a) How to make the sound:A glide from i in the direction of .b) Practice:idea real Korea ideal dear career beer sincere cheering with tears the atmosphere here an engineer with a beard7. e a) How to make the sound:A glide from something similar to e in the direction of .b) Practice: fair wear care there hairy bear the pair over there the millionaires heir repair the chair Please prepare the paired pared pears near the unprepared pears near the pool. 8. a) How to make the sound:A glide from something similar to u in the direction of .b) Practice: poor tour sure gourd your jury pure jewel make sure your tour The poor man was assured that his child could be cured.第三章 英语辅音（2）（4学时）教学目标和要求：通过本章的学习，使学生掌握英语辅音的发音。教学重点和难点：鼻音、舌边音和滑音教学方式：教师讲授；听音；学生练习模仿Part I. Nasal Consonants ( 2 hours) All the three nasal consonants are formed by closing the mouth passage at some point. The soft palate is lowered at the same time, so that the air passed through the nose, making a voiced sound.1. m1) How to make the sound:The mouth is blocked by closing the two lips.2) Practice: milk mother music him farm come game Mickey mouse famous name man-made moon 2. n1) How to make the sound:The mouth is blocked by pressing the tip of the tongue against the upper teeth ridge.2) Practice:seen thin skin can gonea moon-lit night native American pin number noisy night3.1) How to make the sound:The mouth is blocked by the back of the tongue pressed against the soft palate. 2) Practice:King-kin sing-sin finger-sharks fin England-ink sing a song hang outBetter to know everything of somethi