必修三Unit 5 (五)语法导学案Canada.doc

必修三Unit 5 Canada-The true north Grammar-同位语从句导学案编号：5 编写人：曹聪敏学习目标： 1.掌握同位语从句的用法 2.灵活掌握引同位语语从句的连接代词和连接副词的用法方法指导： 通过导案知识导航和语法专项训练题I.自主学习：知识导航一、 理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质概念：在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。二、 引导词：同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how等词引导（which，if一般不引导同位语从句），常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等可含内容的抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，且that在从句中不作成分，因此该句为同位语从句。二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句1.如同位语从句意义完整，且不缺成分应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略）2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加是否的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）例：Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加什么时候、什么地点、什么方式等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。例1：I have no idea when he will be back.析：he will be back意义不完整，应加什么时候的含义才能表达idea的全部内容，因此应用when引导同位语从句。例2：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.析：he went home意义不完整，应加如何的含义才能表达impression的全部内容，因此应用how引导同位语从句。4.当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.三、把握同位语从句和定语从句的区别，明确同位语从句和相似从句的界限同位语从句和定语从句相似，都放在某一名词或代词后面，但同位语从句不同于定语从句。同位语从句对名词加以补充说明，是名词全部内容的体现，引导词不是代替名词在从句中担当句子成分；定语从句的名词（先行词）和引导词指的是同一个事物，且引导词代替着名词（先行词）在从句中做成分。例1： 1）Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A. while B. that C. when D. as2）It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities，this is the information _ has been put forward.A. what B. that C. when D. as例2：She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91)A. it B. which C. this D. thatI cant stand the terrible noise _ she is crying loudly.A. it B. which C. this D. that有些引导词如how, whether, what可以引导同位语从句,但不能引导定语从句?如:what不引导定语从句。That question whether we need it has not been considered. 我们是否需要它这个问题还没有考虑?(同位语从句)I have no idea what has happened to him. 我不知道他发生了什么事?(同位语从句)引导词that引导定语从句时,在从句中一般作主语或宾语(指物时还可以用which代替),并且作宾语时常常省略?that在同位语从句中仅起连接作用,不充当任何成分,并且不能省略,也不能用which来代替? 注意：that和whether引导同位语从句在从中不担当成分如:The order that we should send a few people to help the other groups was received yesterday. 我们应派几个人去帮别的几个小组的命令昨天收到了?(同位语从句,是对order的具体解释,that虽不作成分,但不能省略?)The order that we received yesterday was that we should send a few people to help the other groups. 我们昨天收到的命令是我们应该派几个人去帮助别的几个小组?(定语从句,是名词order的修饰语,that在从句中作received的宾语,可以省略?)三、同位语从句的语气 在suggestion，advice，request，order等意为“建议；命令；要求”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should +动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的should可以省略。 Our teacher gave us some advice how we(should)use the computer.老师给我们提出了一些如何使用电脑的建议。 II.合作探究：课堂精练：单选1. The fact _ he was successful proves his ability.A. hat B. what C. which D. why2. The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A. what B. that C. why D. when3. His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A. which B. that C./ D. it4. I have no idea _ he will start.A. when B. that C. what D./5. Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow.A. if B. that C. whether D. which6. The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him.A. when B. which C. what D. that7. The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A. which B. whether C. that D. what8. The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease.A. that B. as C. of which D. which9. He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing.A. whether B. where C. that D. when10.It was true _ Alice did surprised her mother.A. that B. what C. that, what D. what, that11. Does _matter much _he cant come to the meeting.A. it, if B. that, if C. it, whether D. this, whether12.-What are you anxious about? - _A. How can we succeed B. Whether we can succeed C. When can we succeed D. That we can succeed 13.The reason _the little actress has been such a success is _she is both clever and hard-working.A. why, why B. why, that C. that, because D. for, because14. _leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. The person 15.I really dont know _I had this photo taken.A. where it was that B. it was that C. where it was D. it was why 16.-What do you think of China? -_different life is today from _it used to be.A. How, what B. What, what C. How,