重大版高中英语必修二五单元知识点解.doc

Unit 5 Enjoying food1、 词汇6steam蒸westerner西方人well-know有名的typical典型的slice切（片）。薄片fried油炸的raw生的；未加工的tasty好吃的；可口的faraway遥远的；久远的permit允许；准许。许可证，执照unbelieving难以置信的；不相信的tremble发抖；颤抖weep流泪；哭泣。哭，哭泣bitterly悲痛地；痛苦地；强烈的sob呜咽；哭泣；哭诉。呜咽instantly立即地；即刻地pretend假装firmly牢固地；鉴定地；稳固地spot认出；发现。现场；场所 easily容易地recognize认出；认识到obviously明显地；显然地burst突然爆发；爆裂；迸裂laughter笑；笑声2、 短语a couple of两三个；几个make such a fuss大惊小怪；小题大做live on以.为生be fond of喜爱generally speaking一般来说save time节约时间make less fuss about不太在意wrap up包起来；裹起来line. up排成一行排成直线turn on打开（煤气炉、电灯、收音机等be forced to do 被迫做某事manage to do 设法成功地做某事away from home离家look sb up and down上下打量某人throw oneself on sb.依偎在某人身上at a distance在远处an idea comes to sb.某人突然想出一个主意be blessed有福的；带来好运的with all ones heart全心全意地take out拿出make a mark on在.上做记号on the edge of在.上边mix . with把.和.混合keep in mind把.记在心中all by oneself全由（某人）自己做take a glance at匆匆看一眼，瞥了一眼gaze at sb with tears眼泪朦胧地凝视keep silent保持安静shift . with把,与.对调cry out叫出声来；叫喊How come?怎么可能？be puzzled很迷惑burst into laughter/ tears突然笑/流泪share sth. with sb.和某人一起分享某事/物3、 知识把握1.Asyouknow,weChineseliveonrice,wheat,pork,etc.whileAmericanliveoncheeseburgers,hamburgers,coke,andFrenchfries.live on以为主食，以食为生【翻译】The southerners mainly live on rice.1）while作并列连词，意味“而；却”，表示对比。【例句】YouChinesespendalotoftimecookingwhileweinventfrozenfoodtosavetime. 他们在唱歌而我们在跳舞。2）while还可以作从属连词，意为“在期间，当时候”，所引导的从句只能表示“一段时间”，从句中的谓语动词只能是延续性动词或状态动词，不能是非延续性动词。While从句常用进行时态，强调同主句动作同时发生。【例句】 ,thetelephonerang.我正在看电视，电话铃响了。Thetortoisewinstherace .兔子正睡觉时,乌龟赢得了比赛.when引导的从句可以表示“一段时间”，也可以表示“一点时间”，从句中的谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词。 我上床的时候是十点。 ,Imetanoldfriend.我在路上走着时遇见一位老朋友。2. Save time节约时间【归纳】(1)spend time doing (2)kill time (3) it takes time to do sth. (4)waste time doing sth. 3. Typical典型的Be typical of 是的代表It is typical of sb. to do sth.某人做某事是某人的特点、个性【翻译】The painting is typical of his early work. It was typical of her to say that.4. Cookingisdifferentfromcountrytocountryeventhoughthebasicingredientsmaybeverymuchthesame.即使是所选的材料相同，各国做出的食物也大不一样。eventhough即使,引导让步状语从句，也可以说成evenif。Hesthebestteachereventhoughhehastheleastexperience.。注：eventhough和evenif引导的从句要用一般现在时表将来。5. Dont make such a fuss.别大惊小怪了Make a fuss about. 因大吵大闹Make less fuss about.对不太在意Make a fuss of/ over.对过分宠爱【练习】根据汉语提示，完成下列的句子：（1） 詹姆斯说他最好早点回去，否则他的妻子会大惊小怪的。James said hed better be getting back early or his wife would （2） 迈克对他的衣服不太在意。Mike clothes.（3） 当你的狗狗表现好的时候要宠爱它。 your dog when he behaves properly.6. Id rather have something raw.Would rather宁愿，后接动词原形，其否定形式为：would rather not do【拓展】相关短语：would rather (not) do would rather have done would rather.than. Would rather +从句（过去完成时）宁愿（表过去）【练习】根据汉语提示，完成下列的句子：(1) 父亲不愿意出去。Father go out.(2) 我宁愿吃面条也不愿意吃米饭。I have noodles rice.(3)我宁愿你没有做过那件事。I would rather you that.7. I think your food is, generally speaking, cold while ours is, generally speaking again, cooked, and you eat a lot of frozen food.generally speaking,一般来讲，作插入语。类似的短语有：frankly speaking, strictly speaking, personally speaking, briefly speaking, judging from/by【例句】一般来讲，最冷的天气在一月份。 , the coldest weather comes in January.8. Oh,thatremindsmeofanotherdifference.remind（1）作“提醒”讲remindsb.todosth.Pleaseremindmetocallhimback.remindsb.of/aboutsth.IncaseIforget,pleaseremindmeofit.remindsb.that-clauseHeremindmethatIwouldanswertheletterasearlyaspossible.remindsb.Ifmyfatherforgetsit,Ihopeyouwillremindhim.（2）作“使想起”讲remindsb.ofsth.Thisphotoremindsmeofmychildhood.remindsb.that-clauseThesightofthewatchremindedmethatIwaslate.【练习】1. Hiswordsremindme wedidtogetherduringthepastholiday. A.thatB.ofthatC.whatD.ofwhat2. Pleaseremindme_herthisnote. A.leaveB.toleaveC.leavingD.left3. _nottomisstheflightat15:20,themanagersetoutfortheairportinahurry. A.RemindingB.RemindedC.ToremindD.Havingreminded4. Thisspecialgiftalwaysremindsme_mygrandma.Ihopeshewillbehappyforever. AtoBofCatDfor9. Intheeighthyear,ontheeveoftheSpringFestival,Iwasunexpectedlypermittedtoreturnhome.在第八年除夕那天，我意外地获得了回家的允许。permit（1）vt.有许可、批准的意思，表示态度积极或根据正式规定，permitdoingsth；在我们的办公室里不准吸烟。permitsbtodosth卫兵准许我带相机和录音机。（2） n.通行证，许可证你没有许可证就不能在这里工作。（3） permissionn.相当于agreement,意为“许可，准许，允许；同意”Withyourpermission,Illleavenow.课堂练习一：根据汉语意思及提示，完成下列句子的翻译。（1） 为了节约时间，他们决定打车来代替步行。(save time) , they decided walking.（2） 在我们班上，有几个女生特别喜欢游泳。(couple;fond)In our class, girls swimming.（3） 一般来说，中国北方的人以小麦为主食。(generally speaking, live on) , northerners in China .（4） 早上他宁愿吃馒头，不愿吃面包。(would rather)He in the morning.（5） 他总是努力地学习，不太在意别人的看法。He always others opinions.4、 语法要点-词缀常见前缀前缀例词意义Pre-Pre-reading, preview, prepay前Re-Rewrite, reconsider, reuse重新Dis-Disagree, dislike, disappear不In/im-Incorrect, important不Mis-Misunderstand, mislead错误或失当Mini-Miniskirt, minibus微小Post-Postwar, post-reading之后Fore-Foretell, forecast前，预先Semi-Semicircle, semi-final半，部分Under-Underground, under-develop在之下，在中Super-Supermarket, superman超级Anti-Antiwar, anti-Japanese war阻止，抗常见后缀名词后缀-ionAction, solution, conclusion-hoodChildhood, brotherhood-erTeacher, worker-orVisitor, sailor-tionEducation, satisfaction-mentDevelopment, movement-ityAbility, possibility-istPianist, artist形容词后缀-ousDangerous, humorous-fulHelpful, careful-able, -ibleComfortable, responsible-ant, -entImportant, excellent-aryMilitary, voluntary副词后缀-lyQuickly, softly, yearly-wardsBackwards, forwards【语法精练】（1） 写出下列词的反义词。Agree lucky complete able correct polite patient regular appear trust order trust possible honest perfect visible （2） 给下列词加后缀构成相应名词。Punish protect decide move friendly sick careless lazy novel violin art piano （3） 根据句意用所给单词的正确形式填空。1)There is