The Gettysburg Address.doc

The Gettysburg AddressGettysburg, PennsylvaniaNovember 19, 1863 On June 1, 1865, Senator Charles Sumner commented on what is now considered the most famous speech by President Abraham Lincoln. In his eulogy on the slain president, he called it a monumental act. He said Lincoln was mistaken that the world will little note, nor long remember what we say here. Rather, the Bostonian remarked, The world noted at once what he said, and will never cease to remember it. The battle itself was less important than the speech.Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battle-field of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate - we can not consecrate - we can not hallow - this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us - that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion - that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain - that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom - and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. Source: Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln, edited by Roy P. Basler. The text above is from the so-called Bliss Copy, one of several versions which Lincoln wrote, and believed to be the final version. For additional versions, you may search The Collected Works of Abraham Lincoln through the courtesy of the Abraham Lincoln Association. 盖茨堡演讲Delivered on the 19th Day of November, 1863 Cemetery Hill, Gettysburg, Pennsylvania1863年十一月十九日，于宾夕法尼亚州葛底斯堡Cemetery山上的演讲。Four score and seven years ago, our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. 八十七年前，我们的先辈在这个大陆上缔造了一个新的国家：她孕育于自由之中，并笃信人生而平等的箴言。Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure.现在我们从事的是一场意义重大的内战，它考验着这个国家或者任何一个崇尚自由和笃信平等的国家能否长存。We are met on a great battlefield of that war. 我们在这次战争的一个沙场上进行集会。We have come to dedicate a portion of the field as a final resting-place for those who here gave their lives that the nation might live. 我们将这战场一隅奉献给那些牺牲的烈士作为安息之所，他们用自己的血肉之躯换来了这个国家的久安。It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. 为此，我们这样做非常合宜和完全正当。But， in a larger sense ，we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. 可是，从更广泛的意义上来说，我们不能将此地奉为安息之所，我们不能将此地圣化，我们不能将忠骨掩瘗了事。The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it ，far above our poor power to add or detract. 在此奋勇作战的士兵们，不论牺牲与幸存的，已经将这块土地（和这块土地下忠魂）【注：待商榷】圣化了，我们无力为其添彩些什么或者诋毁些什么。The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. 这个世界可能不在意或者也不会记得我们在此地说过话，但是它却不能忘却我们的烈士们在此做出的牺牲。It is for us, the living, rather， to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. 未捷大略因为有烈士们的奋斗才得以取得不斐的进展，更切确地说，我们这些生者，当为这个未酬大业，而再接再厉：It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us,倒是我们这些生者，该坚守于此，为未展宏图而抛头颅，洒热血；-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion,以便我们在这些可敬的烈士身上，不断汲取为伟业而呕心沥血（鞠躬尽瘁、死而后已）的奉献精神； 【注：2002版汉语字典中解释鞠躬尽瘁是：鞠躬，谨慎小心；尽瘁，全心投入。 据此原文似乎没有谨慎小心之意。待商榷之。】-that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, 以便我们在此立志誓愿，这些忠骨义魂不能死而不得其所！（或者可以转译成：让九泉之下的忠魂死可瞑目）-that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, -and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 以便我们祈愿上苍神佑，这个国家将得到自由的新生，这个民有、民治、民享的政府将万世长存！第一：几个单词有必要好好查查字典。如，score，conceive，dedicate，proposition，altogether， consecrate，detract，rather，devotion第二，语言里的敬体于委婉语现象。可以说这篇演说词是一篇 祭文+励志演说。正式场合注意敬体的选用，以及委婉语的应用。比如文中：英文dead，作为名词，简而言之有“死人”，形容词则为，“死的”，可是考虑到本文的特殊场合，换为 烈士 和 牺牲 比较稳妥。同时也达到委婉的作用。就像中文里一些特有的词，薨，崩，驾崩，圆寂，归天 这些词语的选用一定要注意语境（context），以免产生误会。第三，修辞美。这篇演说词，气势磅礴，是什么让它产生这样的效果呢？修辞手段的运用为之。首先，注意开篇Four score and seven years ago， 其中score=20 年，如此一用，文辞简练不说，更重要的带来了演说的流畅和气势， score 发音为阴平而ago 则为阳平，这样抑扬顿挫（lilting）之感浑然天成 (simultaneous)。其次，气势一词空虚无力，唯有排比句给予气势力量。文中结尾，可权当例句： It is for us, the living, rather， to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. 未捷大略因为有烈士们的奋斗才得以取得不斐的进展，更切确地说，我们这些生者，当为这个未酬大业，而再接再厉：It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us,倒是我们这些生者，该坚守于此，为未展宏图而抛头颅，洒热血；-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion,以便我们在这些可敬的烈士身上，不断汲取为伟业而呕心沥血（鞠躬尽瘁、死而后已）的奉献精神； -that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, 以便我们在此立志誓愿，这些忠骨义魂不能死而不得其所！（或者可以转译成：让九泉之下的忠魂死可瞑目）-that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, -and that government of the people, by the people, for the