通过句子记单词.doc

通过句子记单词. A key process in interpersonal interaction is that of social comparison, in that we evaluate ourselves in terms of how we compare to others.(2012. 12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】人际互动的关键过程是社会对照的过程。因为我们会通过将自己比作他人的方式来评估我们自己。【词汇】1. interpersonal a. 人际的，人与人之间的例：Interpersonal skills are important in business.人际交往技巧在商业中十分重要。2. interaction n. 合作，相互影响，互动例：The teachers and students need interaction from time to time.师生之间需要不时的互动。3. comparison n. 比较，相似例：I dont want to make comparison.我不想做比较。4. evaluate v. 评估，评价例：Your responsibility is to evaluate his work.你的责任就是评估他的工作。【语法】compare A with B 将A和B作比较;compare A to B 将A比作B. First, we decide whether we are superior or inferior to others on certain dimensions, such as attractiveness, intelligence, popularity, etc.(2012. 12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】首先，我们会在某些范围内，比如吸引力、才智、受欢迎程度等等来比较决定我们是胜过别人，还是不如别人。【词汇】1. superior a. 上等的，优秀的例：He is superior to me in English.他在英语方面胜过我。2. inferior a. 次等的，下级的例：Im inferior to him in English.我在英语方面不如他。由此可见，上面两个单词是反义词，可以组合记忆。3. dimension n.尺寸，规模，范围例：They have bought a house of generous dimensions.他们买了一间空间宽敞的房子。4. intelligence n. 智力, 情报例：She is absolutely a girl of high intelligence.她绝对是一个非常聪明的人。. At certain stages of life, especially adolescence, the pressure to be seen as similar to peers is immense.(2012. 12 阅读 Text1)【翻译】在生命的某些时期，特别是青春期的时候，要看起来和同龄人相似的压力是很大。【词汇】1. adolescence n. 青春期例：They are still in their adolescence. 他们还在青春期。2. immense a. 巨大的例：His devotion to his country has been immense.他对他的祖国做出了巨大的贡献。. Now the question must be reversed. What can the Wests overly indebted and sluggish nations learn from a flourishing Asia? (2012. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】现在问题反过来了。巨额负债的、经济发展缓慢的西方国家能从繁荣的亚洲学到点什么?【词汇】1. reverse v. 反转，颠倒，掉换例：The government must take action to reverse the economic decline.政府必须采取行动扭转经济颓势。2. indebted a. 负债的，受惠的例：The company is heavily indebted to the bank.这家公司欠了银行很多债。3. sluggish a. 经济发展缓慢的，迟钝的例：The recovery of economy remains sluggish.经济恢复很迟缓。4. flourishing a. 繁荣的例：Our village quickly became a flourishing town.我们的村庄很快就变成了一个繁荣的小镇。. In the same way, a significant reduction of wasteful agricultural subsidies could also lower the deficit.(2012. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】同样地，大幅减少浪费的农业补贴也可以减少亏空。【词汇】1. wasteful a.浪费的，奢侈的例：You should get rid of your wasteful habits.你要改掉你浪费的坏习惯。2. agricultural a. 农业的例：agricultural commodities 农产品3. subsidy n.补贴，津贴例：the unemployment subsidy 失业补贴4. deficit n.赤字，亏空，逆差例：trade deficit 贸易赤字. Meanwhile, Europe has fallen prey to a different ideological trap: the belief that European governments would always have infinite resources and could continue borrowing as if there were no tomorrow.(2012. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】同时，欧洲也成为了另一个思想陷阱的受害者，那个陷阱就是认为欧洲政府将一直拥有无限的资源，可以像没有明天那样继续无节制地借用。【词汇】1. meanwhile adv. 同时例：I was watching a film, and meanwhile Jenny was writing an E-mail.我在看电影，与此同时Jenny在写电子邮件。2. prey n. 被捕食的动物，受害者例：fall prey to 成为的牺牲品，受之害3. ideological a. 思想上的，意识形态的例：the ideological and political education 思想政治教育4. infinite a.无穷的，极大的例：Teaching kids requires infinite patience.教小孩子需要极大的耐心。. Thats partially because it appears people who set realistic goals actually work more efficiently, and exert more effort, to achieve those goals.(2012. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】这一部分是因为设定实际一点的目标的人为了达到那些目标，实际上行事更有效率，付出的努力更多。【词汇】1. partially adv. 部分地例：The driver was partially to blame for the accident.那个司机只对这场事故负部分责任。2. efficiently adv. 高效地例：Its hard to work efficiently in such terrible environment.在这么差的环境里无法高效地工作。3. exert v.运用，发挥，努力，尽力例：Dont exert yourself unnecessarily.不要做无谓的努力。. And yet, the same motivation that can push people to exert more effort in a constructive way could also motivate people to be more likely to engage in unethical behaviors. (2012. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】然而，能积极地推动人们更加努力的动机同样也更有可能会促使人们做出一些不道德的行为。【词汇】1. motivation n. 动机，刺激，推动力例：Money is their chief motivation.金钱是他们的主要推动力。2. motivate v. 刺激，激发(兴趣或欲望)，推动例：What motivated you to do such a thing?是什么激发你做了这件事?3. constructive a. 建设性的，积极的例：We welcome constructive suggestions.我们欢迎有建设性的建议。4. unethical a. 不道德的例：Some people believe it is unethical to test a drug on animals.有些人认为在动物身上测试药物是不道德的。. A prime example Schweitzer and his colleagues cite is the 2004 collapse of energy-trading giant Enron, where managers used financial incentives to motivate salesmen to meet specific revenue goals. (2012. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】施韦泽和他的同事引用的一个重要例子，那就是2004年能源巨头安然公司的垮台。 他们的经理曾经用财务奖励来刺激销售员来达到具体的收益目标。1. colleague n. 同事;同僚例：He is a colleague of mine.他是我的一个同事。2. collapse n. 崩溃， 瓦解，垮台例：The floods caused the collapse of the bridge.洪水造成了大桥的垮塌。3. incentive n. 刺激，鼓励例：Poverty is an incentive for him to work hard.贫穷是刺激他努力工作的因素。4. revenue n. 收益，税收，收入例：Rent is a kind of revenue.房租是一种收入。. But while much of the research and innovation has concentrated on finding less-polluting energy alternatives, it may be decades before clean technologies like wind and solar meet a significant portion of our energy needs.(2012. 06 阅读 Text1)【翻译】虽然现在调查和创新主要集中在寻找污染少的其他能源上，但是等到像风能、太阳能这样的清洁能源能满足我们大部分的能源需求可能仍需数十年。【词汇】1. innovation n. 创新例：Innovation is vital in modern society.创新在现代社会十分重要。2. alternative n. 二者择一，供替代的选择例：I had no alternative but to leave this country.我除了离开这个国家之外，别无选择。3. solar a. 太阳的，太阳能的例：solar cell 太阳能电池4. portion n.(总体的)部分例：A large portion of the building was destroyed in the fire.房屋的大部分在火灾中被烧毁。. Some propose storing the CO2 in coal mines or liquid storage in the ocean, Shell favors storing CO2 in deep geological structures such as saline formations and exhausted oil and gas fields that exist throughout the world. (2012. 06 阅读 Text1)【翻译】有些建议将二氧化碳储存在煤矿里，或者以液态形式储存在海里，壳牌倾向于将二氧化碳储存在地质结构的深处，比如在世界各地存在的含盐结构或者已经被耗尽石油或者天然气的油田，气田。【词汇】1. storage n. 保管;贮藏例：Caves were used for storage.洞穴过去被用来储存东西。2. geological a. 地质学的例：She is interested in geological study.她对地质研究很感兴趣。3. saline a. 盐的，咸的例：There is a saline lake behind this mountain.这座山的后面有一个盐湖。4. formation n. 队形，构造例：Family life has an important impact on the formation of childrens characters.家庭生活对孩子性格的形成具有重要影响。5. exhausted a. 耗尽的，精疲力竭的例：My patience is exhausted.我的耐心已经用尽。. When viewed at the national level, the policy interventions of the past decade have helped transform the performance of UK universities.(2011. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】从国家的角度来看，过去十年的政策干预的确帮助转变了英国大学的表现。【词汇】1. intervention n. 介入，干预例：His intervention annoyed his partner.他的介入惹恼了他的搭档。2. decade n. 十年例：Several decades has passed since I graduated from university.我大学毕业已经数十年了。3. transform v. 转变，转换例：He successfully transformed his plan into reality.他成功地将他的计划转变成了现实。. These same universities are also the institutions producing the greatest share of PhD graduates, science citations, patents and license income. (2011. 12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】这些学校也是培养出最多博士毕业生、写出最多科学引文，创造最丰厚专利许可证收入的机构。【词汇】1. citation n. 引文，表扬例：Some dictionary writers use citation to explain the meaning of the word.有些词典编撰者用引文来解释词义。2. patent n. 专利(权)，特许例：He has got a patent for his invention.他的发明获得了专利权。3. license n. 执照，许可证例：His license was suspended for six months.他的驾照被吊销半年。. If there was a greater coordination of technology transfer offices within regions and a simultaneous investment in the scale and functions of our graduate schools, universities could, and should, play a key role in positioning the UK for the next growth cycle. (2011.12 阅读 Text3)【翻译】如果地区内的技术转移部能更好地协作配合，同时扩大研究生院的规模，增加其功能，那么大学就可以、也应该在英国下一轮发展周期的定位中扮演主要角色。【词汇】1. coordination n. 协作，配合例：We have improved the coordination of the two departments.我们已经加强了这两个部门间的协作关系。2. transfer v. 转移，迁移例：Our company will transfer from Shanghai to Beijing.我们的公司将从上海迁往北京。3. simultaneous a. 同时的，同时发生的例：There were several simultaneous celebrations in this area.本区有几个庆祝活动同时举行。4. scale n. 规模，刻度，等级例：The electronic industry is developing on a large scale.电子行业正在大规模发展。5. function n. 功能例：Whats the function of this committee?这个委员会的功能是什么?6. cycle n. 周期，循环例：the life cycle of the plant 植物的生命周期. Two world wars and a Great Depression rocked the confidence of many people that scientific expertise alone could create a prosperous and ordered world. (2010. 12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】两次世界大战和一次大萧条动摇了很多人对于单凭科学知识就可以创造一个繁荣、有序的世界的自信心。【词汇】1. depression n. 衰弱，减缓，沮丧例：Many people became unemployed during the depression.经济萧条时期，很多人都失业了。2. expertise n. 专门的知识或技能例：She has the expertise in the Management Science.她有管理学的专业知识。3. prosperous a. 繁荣的例：The district is becoming more and more prosperous.这地区越来越繁荣了。. After World War , the academic world turned with new enthusiasm to humanistic studies, which seemed to many scholars the best way to ensure the survival of democracy. (2010. 12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】第二次世界大战之后，学术界热情地转向人文主义研究，这对很多学者而言是来确保民主继续存在的最好的方法。【词汇】1. enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱例：I admire her enthusiasm.我很欣赏她的热情。2. humanistic a. 人文主义的，人道主义的例：Humanistic education is important to children.人文主义教育对孩子来说非常重要。3. scholar n. 学者例：I will visit the famous scholar tomorrow.明天我会去拜访那位著名学者。4. democracy n. 民主主义，民主国家例：the principles of democracy 民主原则. Humanistic disciplines are seriously underfunded, not just by the government and the foundations but by academic institutions themselves. (2010.12 阅读 Text2)【翻译】人文学科严重资金不足，不仅缺少来自政府和基金会的资金支持，而且学术组织自身内部也资金不足。【词汇】1. humanistic disciplines 人文学科2. underfunded a. 资金不足的3. foundation n. 基金会，基础例：the National Foundation for Educational Research 全国教育研究基金会4. institution n. 机构，制度，建立例：It is a charitable institution for the education of orphaned children.这是一个致力于孤儿慈善教育的机构。. It might be tempting, therefore, to think that the old barriers have been broken down and equal opportunity achieved.(2011. 06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】所以“旧的障碍已经消除了，能做到机会均等了”这样的想法似乎很吸引人。【词汇】1. tempting a. 诱人的，吸引人的例：I turned down their tempting offer.我拒绝了他们诱人的邀约。2. barrier n. 栅栏，障碍物例：The barriers kept them from moving on.障碍物使得他们无法继续前进。3. opportunity n. 机会，时机例：He grasped this rare opportunity.他抓住了这次良机。. At the moment candidates are selected on a fairly narrow set of criteria such as prior academic and career performance, and analytical and problem solving abilities. (2011.06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】现在，候选人是根据一套相当有局限性的准则来选出的，比如先前的学习成绩和职业表现，分析能力和解决问题的能力等。【词汇】1. candidate n. 候选人例：She was nominated as candidate for the Best Actress.她被提名为最佳女演员的候选人。2. criteria n. 标准，准则;criterion的复数形式;例：The new criteria should be made known to all staff.新标准应该让所有职员都清楚知道。3. prior a. 在之前的，优先的例：She claimed that she had no prior knowledge of the strike.她声称她事前对于罢工并不知情。4. analytical a. 分析的例：He lacks analytical ability.他缺乏分析能力。. But schools rarely dig down to find out what really makes an applicant succeed, to create a class which also contains diversity of attitude and approach arguably the only diversity that, in a business context, really matters. (2011.06 阅读 Text3)【翻译】但是学校很少深挖下去找出到底是什么真正使得一个申请人成功。创建一门也涵盖态度和方法差异的课程才是真正重要的。而这一差异可以说是商务中唯一的差异。【词汇】1. applicant n. 申请人apply (v.申请，应用)application(n.)applicant(n.)applicable(a.可用的)2. diversity n. 多样性，差异例：the cultural diversity of American society 美国社会的文化多样性3. approach n. 途径，方法例：I think it is the best approach to solve this problem.我认为这是解决这个问题的最佳方法。4. arguably adv. 雄辩地，可论证地例：He is arguably the best actor of this century.他可以称得上是本世纪最棒的演员。. At the heart of the debate over illegal immigration lies one key question: are immigrants good or bad for the economy? (2011. 06 阅读 Text2)【翻译】非法移民问题的争论核心是一个重要的问题：移民是否对经济有利?【词汇】1. debate n. 辩论，争论，讨论例：After a long debate, they reached an agreement.经过长时间的讨论，他们达成了一致。2. immigration n. 移居，移民例：Immigration to America ha