高考英语二轮九十天强化训练阅读理解8.doc

2014届高考英语二轮九十天强化训练：阅读理解8 a few years ago it was popular to speak of a penetration gap, a disagreement between young people and their elders. parents said that children did not show them proper respect and obedience, while children complained (抱怨) that their parents did not understand them at all what had gone wrong? why had the generation gap suddenly appeared? actually the generation gap has been around for a long time. many people argue that a gap is built into the fabric (结构) of our society. one important cause of the generation gap is the chance that young people have to choose their own ways of life. in more traditional societies, when children grow up, they are expected to live in the same area as their parents, to marry people that their parents know and agree to, and to continue the family occupation (职业). in our society, young people often travel great distances for their education, move out of the family home at an early age, marry or live with people whom their parents have never met, and choose occupations different from those of their parents. in our easily changing society, parents often expect their children to do better than they did; to find better jobs, to make more money; and to do all the things that they were unable to do. often, however, the strong desire that parents have for their children are another cause of the disagreement between them. often, they discover that they have very little in common with each other. finally, the speed at which changes take place in our society is another cause of the gap between the generations. in a traditional culture, elderly people are valued for their wisdom, but in our society the knowledge of a lifetime may become out of date overnight. the young and the old seem to live in two very different worlds, separated by different skills and abilities.no doubt, the generation gap will continue to be a feature (特点) of american life for some time to come its causes are rooted in the freedom and changes of our society, and in the rapid speed at which society changes. 1. the main idea of the first paragraph is that_. a. the generation gap suddenly appeared b. the generation gap is a feature of modern social life c. people can reduce the generation gap d. many critics argue over the nature of the generation gap 答案：b指导：本段最后一句。从语篇层次考虑，文章最后一段第一句意义相同。2. the word aroundin paragraph i means_. a. on all sides b. near c. in every direction d. in existence 答案：d指导：存在。3. which cause of the generation gap is not mentioned in the passage? a. young people like to choose their own life styles. b. american society is changing very fast. c. parents place high hopes on their children. d. modern education makes them think differently. 答案：d 短文没提到d项信息。4. in american society, young people often_. a. depend on their parents to make a life b. stay with their parents in order to get a chance for higher education c. seek the best advice from their parents d. have very little in common with their parents 答案：d第三段最后一句。阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。azoos divide opinion ： there are those who think it is cruel to keep animals locked up while others believe zoos are essential for the survival of endangered species.to argue that zoos imprison animals is to misunderstand what zoos are about. without zoos many of the creatures we love and admire would no longer exist. every single day，over one hundred animal species vanish. scientists predict that as early as 2050 one quarter of the earths species will become extinct.some animals are in danger because they are hunted. alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent. other species are in danger because of a lack of food. for example, there are fewer than 1300 giant pandas left in the wild.zoos have special breeding programmes to help those animals at risk. these breeding programmes are proving extremely successful. as irene shapiro from zoo and wildlife support says, “the puerto rican parrot has grown in numbers from just thirteen to about eighty-five and the golden lion tamarin monkey, which has almost ceased to exist twenty years ago, has been reintroduced back into the wild. ”unfortunately, not everyone understands this important role zoos play. for example, brian featherstone from the anti-zoo forum says, “i cant believe we take animals from the wild and put them in cages for the entertainment of the public! we should view them on film or tv in their natural environment.，however, this misses the point. a zoo does more than display animals to the public. it ensures their survival. without zoos you would not be able to see many of these animals on tv or anywhere else!26.whats the writers attitude towards zoos?a.he shows no opinion either for or against them.b.he thinks that they are unnecessary and cruel.c.he believes they play an important environmental role.d.he expresses a desire that more of them be built.【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。最后一段作者说，动物园保证了动物的幸存，没有动物园你将不可能在电视上或者其他任何地方看到许多动物。由此可见，作者认为动物园扮演着一个重要的环境角色。故选c。27.the underlined word “vanish” in paragraph 2 most probably means _.a. remainb. disappearc. become rarer d. get killed【答案】b【解析】词义猜测题。a。保持，留下 b。消失 c.变得更稀罕 d.被杀下一句说，科学家预言早在2050年四分之一的地球物种将会灭绝。因此，每一天都会有100多个动物物种消失。故选b。28.according to the passage the worlds tiger population _.a.will rise by 5% next yearb. is relatively stablec/ is 95% smaller than in the pastd. has fallen to 95%【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。第三段“alarmingly, the population of tigers has already fallen by ninety-five percent.”说明让人担忧的是，老虎的数量已经下降了95%，即数量比过去少了95%。故选c。29 according to the passage some people do not agree with zoos because they _a.are too expensive to runb. put animals in dangerc.do not provide enough food d. keep animals locked up【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。第五段brian featherstone就认为我们应该在电影或电视上看动物在自然环境中的生活。所以，一些人不同意动物园的做法是因为动物园把动物都锁了起来，使其无法生活在自然界。30.according to the writer ，the most important function of the zoo is to _.a.make a lot of moneyb. entertain visitorsc.ensure animals survivald. educate the public【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。最后一段“however, this misses the point. a zoo does more than display animals to the public. it ensures their survival.”说明brian featherstone没有抓住要领，动物园不仅把动物展示给公众。它确保了动物的生存。故选c。【阅读理解猜测词义】passage * some english words are made up of the same part and have different beginnings and different endings, such as import, ex- port, report and transport. all these words, you can see, have the same root port, which comes from the latin (拉丁文) word, meaning to carryor to movenfrom one place to another. and according to the bit at the beginning which we call the prefix (前缀),the meaning changes: importmeans to carry in, or to bring into a country; export exn,means out of so this word means to carry out of a country;remeans hack, so the word reportmeans to tell somebody, to bring1 back information to somebody; transport, trans means acrossand it means to carry across one place to another !lets look at the following words; supporter, reporter, importer and exporter. you can see that in this case these words are nouns which are made up of the verbs. adding a suffix erto a verb means a person who does this thing. so supporter means somebody who supports. a reporter is somebody who reports. importer is somebody who imports and exporter is somebody who exports, and so on. 1. some english words are made up of the same part. , in the sentence partmeans _. a. different beginnings and different endings b. the same part which has several meanings c. the root of a word d. the same root which has different meaning 答案：c 指导：这个相同的部分为“词根”。2. which of the following is not true?_. a. besides port, most english words have the same root which comes form the latin word. b. portis the root forming some english words. c. the root portmeans to carry. d. portis the root meaning to movefrom one place to another. 答案：a 指导：并非大多数英语词汇都有来自拉丁文的同一词根。3. by adding a prefix of a suffix to a root, we can get a word which has_. a. the meaning of a latin word b. a different meaning c. the meanings of inor out of d. a lot of meanings 答案：b指导：通过前后缀使词义改变。一般说来英语中前缀改变意思，后缀改变词性。4. we can get a noun a. just by adding erto a verb b. by changing a prefix c. only by adding erto a root d. by adding a suffix to a verb 答案：d 指导：通过在动词上加后缀构成名词。其余选项均为错项。5. according to the passage, if we talk about a repairman, you may guess that he must be _. a. somebody who has regained (恢复) health b. a person who can repair something c. somebody who was good health d. a person who can do only simple things 答案：b 指导：repairman是合成名词，可解释为“a man who can repair something。*结束【阅读理解猜测词义】passage * in 1847 she asked to be accepted at a small medical school in new york. largely (主要的) as a joke, the school accepted her. the teachers and pupils were all men. they waited for elizabeth to make a fool of herself (为了愚弄她) and then go away. but elizabeth felt she could learn anything a man could learn. and she proved it. no one laughed at her. the jokes stopped, but none of the towns people would speak to her. they thought she was wrong to study medicine. as a student, elizabeth helped treat (医治) sick poor people during her summer holidays. she found out that she had much more to learn as she tried to help them. i must learn more she said there is so much work to be done among the sick (病人). somehow (以某种方式) i must get (劝说) other woman to help me!that autumn she returned to school. elizabeth blackweel became a doctor in 1849. she was the first woman in the united states to become a doctor. 1. at first it seemed that it was impossible for elizabeth to find a school to attend because_. a. there were no medical schools in her hometown in those days b. elizabeth wanted to teach herself medicine at home c. a few doctors helped her to study medicine d. most people of her day didnt think that women should have the same chance 答案：d 指导：由第一段可知对于elizabeth来说，进入一个医学院学习是不可能的，因为许多人认为妇女没有与男人同等的机会。2. a small medical school in new york accepted elizabeth because_. a. she asked to be aeeepted many times b. she was good at telling funny jokes c. the school didnt take the matter seriously(严肃认真对待这件事) d. the teachers and pupils wanted to have a try 答案：c 指导：由第段第二句，“largely as a joke，the school accepted her。以及下面接下来的the teachers and pupils were all menthey waited for elizabeth to make a fool of herse“ and then go away”可知学校并不是严肃认真地对待elizabeth在医学院学习这件事。3. some time later, no one in the school laughed at her because_. a. she did an experiment to prove that she was quite right b. she stopped telling jokes and began to work hard c. they thought she was wrong to study medicine d. elizabeth proved to be a success as a medical student 答案：d指导：“and she proved it no one laughed at her”由于她证明了自己与男人一样成功，没有人再取笑她了。4. elizabeth began to help treat sick poor people_. a. as soon as she graduated from the medical school b. when she was still a medical student at that school c. when the weather was very hot in the summer d. as she found out that she had much more to learn 答案：b 指导：由短文的第三段可知。5. choose the best title for the passage from among the following. a. the first woman doctor in the usa b. elizabeth became a doctor after years of hard work c. elizabeth -pioneer in the study of medicine in america d. women should have the same chance to work as men 答案：a 指导：本文讲述的是美国第一个妇女医生的成长故事。所以a项是最理想的标题。 today, bicycles are elegantly simple machines that are common around the world. many people ride bicycles for recreation, whereas others use them as a means of transportation. the first bicycle was invented in germany in 1818. because it was made of wood, it wasnt very strong nor did it have pedals (脚踏板）.riders moved it by pushing their feet against the ground.in 1839, kirkpatrick macmillan, a scottish blacksmith, invented a much better bicycle. macmillans machine had iron-covered wheels to keep them from getting worn down. he also used foot-operated levers, similar to pedals, so his bicycle could be ridden at a quick pace. it didnt look much like the modem bicycle, though, because its back wheel was substantially larger than its front wheel. although macmillans bicycles could be ridden easily, they were never produced in large numbers.in 1861, frenchman pierre michaux and his brother ernest invented a bicycle with an improved pedal mechanism. they called their bicycle a velocipede，but most people called it a “bone shaker” because of the effect of the wood and iron frame. despite the impolite nickname, the velocipede was a hit. after a few years, the michaux family was making hundreds of the machines annually, mostly for fun-seeking young people.ten years later, james starley , an english inventor, made several innovations that revolutionized bicycle design. he made the front wheel many times larger than the back wheel, put a gear on the pedals to make the bicycle more efficient，and lightened the wheels by using wire spokes. although this bicycle was much lighter and less tiring to ride, it was still clumsy, extremely top-heavy，and ridden mostly for entertainment.it wasnt until 1874 that the first truly modern bicycle appeared on the scene. invented by another englishman, h. j. lawson, the safety bicycle would look familiar to todays cyclists. the safety bicycle had equal-sized wheels, which made it easier to ride. lawson also attached a chain to the pedals to drive the back wheel. by 1893，the safety bicycle had been further improved with air-filled rubber tires, a diamond-shaped frame, and easy braking. with the improvements provided by lawson; bicycles became extremely popular and useful for transportation. today, they are built, used, and enjoyed all over the world.31.this passage was most likely written in order to _.a.compare bicycles used for different pur