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语法专项突破 专题六连词用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子的词叫连词。连词是虚词,在句中不能独立充当句子成分,只起连接作用。考点一并列连词并列连词按其作用分为表示转折、因果、选择和并列四大类。1表示转折关系的并列连词常见的表示转折关系的并列连词有while,but,yet等,用来连接两个意思不同甚至相反的词、短语或分句。i was born in changsha while i grew up in changchun.我出生在长沙,然而在长春长大。he wants to go,but his sister wants to stay.他想走,但他妹妹想留下。2表示因果关系的并列连词常见的表示因果关系的并列连词有so,for。its raining now,so i have to stay at home.天在下雨所以我不得不待在家里。i must be away for a week,for ill fix the machine for a factory.我必须离开一周,因为要为一家工厂修机器。3表示选择关系的并列连词常见的表示选择关系的并列连词有:or,either.or,otherwise(要不然;否则)。(1)or的用法or意为“或”,表示一种选择。would you like tea or coffee?你想喝茶还是咖啡?or用在“祈使句or.”结构中,其中or在此意为“否则”。study hard,or you wont pass the exam.努力学习,否则你就会通不过这次考试。or用在否定句中代替and表示并列关系。the baby cant walk or speak.这个婴儿既不会走也不会说。(2)either.or意为“不是就是;或者或者”,动词与邻近的主语保持一致,即采取“就近原则”。either you or he has to go.either he or you have to go.不是你就是他得去。(3)otherwise意为“要不然;否则”。we must run,otherwise well be too late.我们得跑着去,要不然就太晚了。4表示并列关系的连词常见的表示并列关系的并列连词有:and,not only.but also.,as well as,both.and.,neither.nor.,either.or.,它们用来连接两个并列或对称关系的词、短语或分句。在否定句和疑问句中,常用or,而不用and表示并列关系。jim and i are in the same class.吉姆和我在同一个班。we should not only be cautious but also be brave.我们不仅应该谨慎而且应该勇敢。paul is a writer as well as a teacher.保罗既是一个作家又是一位教师。both you and she are right.你和她都对。neither you nor i am to blame.你和我都不应受责备。come to see tom either today or tomorrow.今天或明天来看汤姆吧。提醒not only a but also b中,强调的对象是b;而在句型a as well as b中强调的对象是a。考点二从属连词从属连词通常引导一个从句,修饰主句。一般可分为引导名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句或表语从句等)的从属连词和引导状语从句的从属连词。1引导名词性从句的从属连词主要有that(那),if(是否),whether(是否)等。it hasnt been decided when the sports meeting will be held.运动会什么时候举行还没定。(引导主语从句)i dont know if he will come tomorrow.我不知道他明天是否来。(引导宾语从句)the problem is that i dont have enough money.问题是我没有足够的钱。(引导表语从句)2引导状语从句的从属连词有很多,其类型见下表:从句从属连词例句时间状语从句when,while,as(当时),after,before,until,till,as soon asthey had left when i got there.当我到那里时他们已经离开了。地点状语从句where,whereverwhere there is a will,there is a way.有志者,事竟成。原因状语从句because,since,as(因为),now thati drove slowly because there was such heavy traffic.我开得很慢,因为交通太拥挤了。条件状语从句if(如果),unless,once(一旦),in casewell go hiking if it doesnt rain tomorrow.如果明天不下雨,我们就去徒步旅行。目的状语从句in order that,so that,for fear that,in casei got up early so that/in order that i could catch the first bus.我起得很早,为的是能赶上第一趟车。让步状语从句although/though,even if/though,howeverthough canada is large,the population is small.尽管加拿大面积大,人口却很少。结果状语从句so.that.,so that,such.that.my father was so tired that he fell asleep fast.我爸爸累得很快就睡着了。比较状语从句than,(not)as/so.as.,less/more.im older than you(are)我年龄比你大。方式状语从句as(按照),as if/though(好像)you should do as i told you.你应该按我说的做。考点三不能连用的两组连词1because(因为),so(所以)不能同时出现在一个句子里,只能用其一。because nick was tired,he couldnt walk there.he was tired,so he couldnt walk there.因为尼克累了,所以他不能走到那儿了。2(al)though(虽然),but(但是)不能同时出现在一个句子里,只能用其一。但though和yet可以同时出现在一个句子里(yet用作副词)。though tom was tired,he still worked hard.he was tired,but he still worked hard.虽然汤姆累了,但他仍然努力工作。1(2012湖南永州中考,29)i have been collecting stamps_i was nine years old.abeforebifcsince 2(2012湖南湘潭中考,26)i bought a new shirt for john,_ he didnt like it.abecause band cbut3(2012湖南衡阳中考,33)hurry up,_ you will miss the train. aand bso cor4(2012广东佛山中考,23)the water here is polluted _ even the animals cant drink it.aso bbecause cthough5(2012 贵州遵义中考,28)help others whenever you can_ youll make the world a nicer place to live in.aor band cbut6(2012广西柳州中考,41)wang dong didnt go to school yesterday _ he was ill.aso bif cbecause7(2012 贵州遵义中考,37)how was your climbing mount huang?i didnt believe i could do it _i got to the top.auntil bwhile cafter8(2012贵州贵阳中考,43)teresa is _ nervous _ she cant talk in front of the class.asuch;that btoo;to cso;that9(2012四川自贡中考,22)“you cant have them all.you can choose _the kite _ the toy car,”said the mother. aeither;or bnot only;but also cboth;and10(2012四川凉山中考,24)bill,please turn down the music,_mom _dad are sleeping.sorry,ill do it right away.aneither;nor beither;or cboth;and11mom,when shall we go to weifang museum this weekend?oh,sorry.im going to beijing for a meeting._ saturday _ sunday is ok.aneither;nor bboth;and ceither;or12zhou libo is is good at making people laugh.his lively shows were _ hot that tickets were sold out in minutes.aso btoo csuch13john,work hard_ you will make much progress.aor bnor cand14he didnt go to the party yesterday_ he had to look after his little sister.abecause bbecause of cif15what was your brother doing at this time yesterday?he was reading a magazine _ i was writing an email at home.aas soon as bafter cwhile参考答案 专题六连词专题提升演练1csince在此作连词,其后跟过去的时间。2c由前后两句存在转折关系可知答案为c项。3c句意:赶快,否则你将错过火车。or“否则”,故选c项。4a句意:这儿的水被污染了,所以即使动物也不能喝它。so“所以”,表示结果。5band“和”,在此表示顺承关系。6c前后两句存在因果关系,故用because引导原因状语从句。7anot.until.“直到为止”。8cso.that.“如此以至于”,so后跟形容词或副词。9aeither.or.“或者或者”。10c由谓语动词是are可知答案为c项。11a句意:妈妈,我们这个周末何时去潍坊博物馆啊?哦,对不起。我将去北京开会。周六和周日都不行。neither.nor “既不也不”。故选a项。12aso.that“如此以至于”,so后常跟形容词或副词。s
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