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备战2014高考英语精讲巧解分类攻克5动词和动词短语1接不定式(不接动名词)作宾语的24个常用动词afford(买得起;有能力做),agree(同意),arrange(安排),ask(要求;让),beg(请求),fail(失败),choose(选择),decide(决定),demand(要求),determine(决定),expect(期待),fear(害怕),help(帮助),hope(希望),learn(学习),manage(设法),offer(提出),plan(计划),prepare(准备),pretend(假装),promise(许诺),refuse(拒绝),want(想要),wish(希望)it is a very important exam so i cant afford to fail it.这是非常重要的考试,我不可以失败。my neighbour offered to help me when i was in trouble.当我困难时,邻居主动提出帮我忙。2接动名词(不接不定式)作宾语的28个常用动词admit(承认),advise(建议),allow(允许),appreciate(感激),avoid(避免),consider(考虑),delay(推迟),deny(否认),dislike(不喜欢),enjoy(喜欢),escape(逃避),fancy(想象),finish(完成),forbid(禁止),stand(忍受),imagine(想象),keep(继续),mention(提到),mind(介意),miss(错过),permit(允许),practise(练习),prohibit(禁止),report(报道),risk(冒险),stop(停止),suggest(建议),understand(理解)i really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。(2007江苏卷)can i smoke here?我可以在这里吸烟吗?sorry.we dont allow smoking here.对不起,我们不允许在这里吸烟。3接不定式作宾补的33个常用动词advise(建议),allow(允许),ask(要求),beg(请求),cause(导致),command(命令),drive(驱使),elect(选举),encourage(鼓励),expect(期望),forbid(禁止),force(强迫),get(使;要),help(帮助),intend(打算),invite(邀请),leave(委托),like(喜欢),mean(打算),need(需要),oblige(迫使),order(命令),permit(允许),persuade(说服),prefer(宁愿),request(要求),remind(提醒),teach(教),tell(告诉),train(训练),want(想要),warn(警告),wish(希望)mary wanted to travel around the world all by herself,but her parents did not allow her to do so.玛丽想独自一人环游世界,但是她父母不允许她这样做。visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.参观者请勿触摸展品。4接现在分词作宾补的15个常用动词catch(碰上;撞上),discover(发现),feel(感觉),find(发现),get(让,使),have(使),hear(听见),keep(使),listen to(听),look at(看),notice(注意到),observe(观察),see(看见),start(使),watch(观察)she observed a man walking in the street.她看到一个男子在大街上行走。he had the light burning all night long.他让灯着了整整一个晚上。5主动语态中接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词feel(感觉),have(使),hear(听见),let(让),listen to(听),look at(看),make(使;让),notice(注意),observe(观察),see(看见),watch(观察)to be honest,i didnt notice them come in.诚实地说,我没注意到他进来。6. 接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的12个动词like(喜欢),love(喜爱),hate(讨厌),prefer(宁愿),begin(开始),start(开始),continue(继续),cant bear(不能忍受),bother(费心),intend(想要),attempt(试图)having talked to him for a while i started to like him.和他聊了一会儿,我开始喜欢他了。they have already started planning for it.他们早已开始计划此事了。7可接双宾语的34个常用单词(1)双宾语易位时需借助介词to的19个常用动词award(授予),bring(带来),hand(递),lend(借),mail(邮寄),offer(提供),owe(欠),pass(递),pay(付钱),post(寄),read(读),return(归还),send(送),sell(卖),show(展示),teach(教),tell(告诉),throw(扔),write(写)they awarded the first prize to john.他们授予约翰一等奖。(2)双宾语易位时需借助介词for 的15个常用动词book(预订),buy(购买),choose(选择),cook(煮),draw(画),fetch(去取),find(找到),fix(安装),get(取得,带来),make(做),order(订购),prepare(准备),save(节省),sing(唱),spare(留出)i cant spare time for a holiday at present.目前我抽不出时间度假。8可用于“动词sb.of sth.”的8个常见动词accuse(控告),cheat(欺骗),cure(治愈),inform(通知),remind(提醒),rid(摆脱),rob(抢劫),warn(警告)this photo reminds me of my school days.这张照片使我想起了学生时代。9可用于“动词sb.for doing sth.”的8个常见动词blame(指责),criticise(批评),forgive(原谅),excuse(原谅),pardon(原谅),punish(惩罚),scold(指责),thank(感谢)forgive me for saying so,but i think thats nonsense.请原谅我这么说,我认为那是无稽之谈。1.(2010福建卷)in this day and age,women can have children and jobs as well.i cant agree more.its great to have the two_.alinkedbrelatedcconnecteddcombined解析:句意为:在当今时代,妇女既可以带孩子又可以工作。我完全赞成。把两者结合起来太棒了。本题考查动词词义辨析。link 指将两事物相连接;relate指将两事物联系起来;connect也指将两事物相连接或联系;combine 指把两者结合起来。根据句意,故d项正确。答案:d2(2010浙江卷)the majority of people in the town strongly_the plan to build a playground for children.aconsiderbsupportcconfirmdsubmit解析:本题考查动词。句意为:这个镇上大部分人都非常支持为孩子们建操场的计划。consider 考虑,认为;support 支持,支撑,养活;confirm 确认;submit 提交,呈递,屈服。根据句意以及副词strongly可得知答案为b项。答案:b3(2010天津卷)he telephoned the travel agency to_three air tickets to london.aorderbarrangectakedbook解析:句意为:他给旅行社打电话订了三张去伦敦的机票。本题考查动词辨析。order:request sb.to bring(food,drink,etc.)in a hotel,restaurant,etc.(在旅馆、饭店等)叫(饭菜、饮料等);book:reserve(a place,accommodation,etc.),buy(a ticket,etc.)in advance预订(位子,膳宿等),预购(票等);arrange安排,布置;take 拿走,取走。答案:d4(2010江西卷)parents_much importance to education.they will do their best to give their children that priceless gift.aattachbpayclinkdapply解析:句意为:父母认为教育很重要。他们会尽全力给他们的孩子那份无价的礼物。本题考查动词短语搭配。attach much importance to.认为很重要;link.to.把与联系起来;apply(.)to 运用,应用。答案:a5(2010辽宁卷)the new movie_to be one of the biggest moneymakers of all time.apromises bagrees cpretendsddeclines解析:句意为:这部新电影有望成为有史以来最赚钱的电影之一。本题考查动词辨析。promise to be有希望成为;agree to do sth.同意做某事;pretend to do sth.假装做某事;decline to do sth.拒绝做某事。答案:a1常用短语(1)base.on.把建立在基础上(2)care about 在乎,计较,介意(常用于否定句和疑问句)(3)cheer up高兴起来,振作起来(4)carry out 实施,完成(5)catch up with 赶上(6)date back to/from 追溯至,始于(7)hold back 阻挡,忍住,保留,隐瞒(8)knock down 撞倒,击倒(9)lay aside 把搁置一旁,储存(10)work out 算出,制定出2与不同介词(副词)搭配的动词breakbreak away from 脱离break down 坏掉,出故障;垮掉break into 闯入,破门而入break out (战争)爆发break in 破门而入break off 打断,中断break through 逾越,突破;冲破break up 打碎;(物理)分解;分开;结束;制止callcall for 需要;邀请call on/at号召;访问call in 召集;召来call up 召唤,召集;打电话call off 取消comecome about 发生come across 偶遇come to 共计,达到,苏醒come true 变为现实come up 走上前,被提出come up with 提出come into being 形成get get about 四处走动;传开get across 传达get away 逃脱,设法离开get down 下来;记下get in 收割;到达get off 出发;下班get together 聚会get through 接通;通过get down to 开始认真干get over 克服get along/on with 进展;相处givegive up 放弃give in屈服give out 用尽;分发give away泄露;赠送;颁发give off 发出give back 归还,使恢复gogo against 违背;对不利go ahead 开始,进展,进行go after/for 追逐,追求go without 勉强维持;凑合go in for 爱好,参加,从事go through 通过;经历go over 复习;仔细审查go by 过去,经过holdhold back 隐瞒;控制(情感)hold out维持;抵抗;硬撑hold up使耽搁hold on 坚持;别挂(电话)hold together 团结一致hold on to 保留,抓住不放makemake up for 补偿,弥补make out 辨认出make fun of 取笑make up ones mind 下定决心make sense 有道理(意义),讲得通make good/full use of.充分利用make up 编造;组成;构成;补齐;凑足putput aside 把放在一边put away 把收好put down 扑灭,平息put forward 提出put off 延期;推诿put out 扑灭;生产put up with 忍受,容忍put up 挂起,张贴;搭起;为某人提供食宿turnturn down拒绝;调低turn in 上交turn out 结果是,证明是turn over 移交,交给turn up 出现;调高turn off 关掉turn on打开turn away 走开turn to 求助于;翻到1.(2010辽宁卷)thousands of people_to watch yesterdays match against ireland.aturned onbturned incturned arounddturned out解析:句意为:结果成千上万的人观看了昨天对阵爱尔兰的比赛。本题考查动词短语。turn on打开(电器);turn in上交;turn around转身;turn out 结果是,证明是。答案:d2(2010福建卷)weve just moved into a bigger house and theres a lot to do.lets_it.akeep up withbdo away withcget down todlook forward to解析:句意为:我们刚搬进一幢较大的房子,有许多事要做。让我们着手做吧。本题考查动词短语辨析。a项意为“跟上”;b项意为“废除,去掉”;c项意为“开始,着手做”;d项意为“期望”。答案:c3(2010浙江卷)after that,he knew he could_any emergency by doing what he could to the best of his ability.aget away withbget on withcget throughdget across解析:句意为:之后,他明白了只要尽其所能,把能力发挥到最好就能解决任何紧急事件。get away with 意为“带着逃脱,离开”;get on with 意为“继续做”;get through 意为“通过,做完,解决”;get across 意为“越过,被理解,通过”。根据句意可知答案为c项。答案:c4(2010安徽卷)no matter how low you consider yourself,there is always someone_you wishing they were that high.agetting rid of bgetting along withclooking up to dlooking down upon解析:句意为:无论你把自己看得多么的低微,总是有人仰慕你并希望(像你)那么高大。本题考查动词词组辨析。look up to 仰视、尊敬;get rid of 除掉;get along with 相处、进展;look down upon 轻视、看不起。答案:c5(2010天津卷)joining the firm as a clerk,he got rapid promotion,and_as a manager.aended upbdropped outccame backdstarted off解析:句意为:他进入公司时只是一个小职员,后来晋升很快,最终当上了经理。本题考查动词短语辨析。end up as职位/职业表示“最终做了某职位或职业”;drop out 退学或退出;come back 回来;start off 出发。答案:a1(2010新课标全国卷)the workers_the glasses and marked on each box “this side up”acarriedbdeliveredcpresseddpacked解析:句意为:工人们把那些玻璃杯打包,并且在每个盒子上标上“请勿倒置”的字样。本题考查动词辨析。语境提到“玻璃杯”和“每个盒子”,可见这里表示工人把这些玻璃杯打包进行包装,因此选d。pack打包。carry搬,扛,运;deliver 分发,投递;press 按,压。答案:d2(2010山东卷)your house is always so neathow do you_it with three children?amanage bservecadapt dconstruct解析:句意为:你的房子总是这么整洁有三个孩子,你是怎样做到这一点的?manage:succeed in doing(sth.)成功做成(某事);完成(困难的事),应付(困难局面);serve 服务;adapt 适应,改写;construct 建设,it 在这里指代“your house is always so neat.”这一现象。答案:a3(2010湖北卷)had she_her promise,she would have made it to yale university.alooked up toblived up tockept up withdcome up with解析:句意为:假如她当初遵守自己的诺言,她本可以被耶鲁大学录取的。本题考查动词短语辨析。live up to 符合,履行,look up to 抬头看;keep up with 赶上;come up with 想出。答案:b4(2010陕西卷)you look well.the air and the sea foods in sanya must_you,i suppose.aagree withbagree tocagree ondagree about解析:句意为:你气色很好。我想,三亚的空气和海鲜肯定适合你。本题考查的是动词词组。agree with:suit sb.s health or digestion (对某人的健康或胃口)适合。又如:if the type of food does not agree with you,it makes you feel ill.agree to 同意,愿意;agree on:if people agree on sth.,they all decide to accept or do sth.就某事达成一致协议。答案:a5(2010全国卷)my mother opened the drawer to_the knives and spoons.aput awaybput upcput ondput together解析:句意为:妈妈打开抽屉把刀和勺子收好。本题考查动词词组辨析。put away (使用完毕)将某物收起或放进抽屉、箱子里;put up举起,建造、搭起,张贴等;put on 穿上、戴上(衣帽),演出(戏剧);put together合计,合起来,组装。根据句意,a项正确。答案:a6(2010安徽卷)how did you like nicks performance last night?to be honest,his singing didnt_to me much.aappealbbelongcreferdoccur解析:句意为:你觉得nick 昨天晚上表演得怎么样?说实话,他的演唱对我没多大吸引力。appeal to sb.attract or interest sb.(对某人)有吸引力;(使某人)感兴趣。belong to 属于;refer to 谈到、提到;occur to 发生。答案:a7(2010江西卷)smell the flowers before you go to sleep,and you may just_sweet dreams.akeep up withbput up withcend up withdcatch up with解析:句意为:睡前闻闻这些花,你可能就会做美梦。本题考查动词短语辨析。 keep up with 跟上;put up with 忍受,容忍;end up with 以结束;catch up with 追上,赶上。c项符合句意。答案:c8(2010四川卷)jenny was looking for a seat when,luckily,a man _and left.atook upbgot upcshut updset up解析:句意为:jenny 正在找座位,这时正好有个人起身离开了。本题考查动词短语辨析。take up从事,占据;get up 起床,起身;shut up 关闭,闭嘴;set up建立,搭起。答案:b9(2010山东卷)sam_some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.abrought upblooked up cpicked up dset up解析:句意为:sam 只通过观看别人操作电脑便学到了一些电脑知识。考查动词短语辨析。bring up 抚养;look up 抬头看,查询;pick up好转,开车接人,认出,学会;set up建造,搭起。根据句意故选c项。答案:c10(2010江苏卷)the experiment has_the possibility of the existence of any life on that planet,but it does not mean there is no life on other planets.afound outbpointed outcruled outdcarried out解析:句意为:试验排除了那个星球有生命存在的可能性,但是这并不意味着其他星球上就没有生命存在。本题考查动词短语。find out 查明;point out 指出;rule out 排除;carry out 贯彻,执行,根据句意可知答案为c项。答案:c1(2011山东淄博模拟)the headmaster will_a speech to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon.adeliver baddresscannounceddeclare解析:句意为:今天下午校长将要对来访的外宾发表讲话。deliver 发表,deliver a speech 发表演讲。address sb.对某人讲话,对某人发表演说;announce 宣布,通告;declare 宣告,声明。答案:a2(2011东北三校模拟)i think i should wear a dress instead of this jeans.its just a small informal party,so you dont have to_.awarm upbput upcdress updkeep up解析:句意为:我觉得我应该穿礼服不能穿牛仔服。这只是一个不太正式的小聚会,因此,你不必刻意打扮。dress up 穿上特殊服装,乔装,化妆。答案:c3(2011山东临沂)if you keep practising your son in football,he _to make a famous player.awantsbhopescpromisesdwishes解析:句意为:如果你坚持对你儿子进行足球训练,他有希望成为一个著名的球员。promise 有前途,有的可能。答案:c4(2011山东烟台模拟)newlydeveloped materials for spaceships can_extreme weather conditions.aholdbsupportcstanddcompete解析:句意为:新研发的航空材料能经受极端天气条件的考验。stand 抵抗,抵御,经受,符合语境。答案:c5(2011杭州模拟)everyone in the village hoped that he would_after a few days treatment.apick upbcome upckeep updmake up解析:句意为:村里的每一个人都希望他能在几天的治疗后康复。pick up 好转,恢复;come up 走上前来,发芽,发生;keep up 保持;make up 编造,弥补,化装,构成。答案:a6(2011山东枣庄调研)he didnt _what i said because his mind was on something else.ahold onbhang onctake indget over解析:句意为:他没有理解我说的话,因为他刚才想别的呢。take in理解,领会;hold on 不挂断;hang on 坚持,不挂断,靠着,渴望;get over 爬过,克服,熬过,恢复。答案:c7(20103月济南模拟)stella was disappointed to find her new plan_and fell into great depression.aput awaybcarried outcturned downdleft out解析:考查动词短语辨析。句意为:stella 看到她的计划被拒绝非常失望,难以振作。put away 收起来,放好;carry out 完成;turn down 拒绝;leave out 漏掉,忽略。答案:c8(20104月济南模拟)what the young man cant_is that his mum always treats him like a baby.asupportbundertakecholddbear解析:考查动词辨析。bear 此处表示“忍受”;support 表示“支持”;undertake 表示“从事”;hold 则表示“容纳”。根据语意“那个年轻人无法容忍的是”,选d项。答案:d9(20104月济南模拟)internet shopping is really_when people are sure of its safety.ataking offbtaking upcsetting offdsetting up解析:考查动词词组辨析。句意为:当人们确认了它的安全性之后,网络购物真的迅速流行起来。take off 表示“迅速流行”;take up 表示“从事,占据”;set off 表示“出发”;set up 表示“建造,建立”。根据语意选a项。答案:a10(2011黑龙江检测)the girl nodded with a smile as if she had _his mind.areadbfoundcwatcheddnoticed解析:考查动词词义辨析。read ones mind 是固定搭配,表示“读懂某人的心思”。答案:a11(2011

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