英语自考本科高级英语笔记-下册-Lesson Thirteen 2.xls

Page 1 of 14Lesson Thirteen Lesson Thirteen Selected Snobberies Words and Expressions 1booze n 酒Alcohol booze vi 狂饮 痛饮Consume alcohol 2brutish adj 野蛮的 野兽般的Resembling a beast showing lack of human sensibility 3comatose adj 麻木的 惰怠的In a state of deep and usually prolonged unconsciousness 4complacent adj 自满的 自鸣得意的Contented to a fault He talked with his friend with a complacent smile complacence n 自鸣得意The feeling you have when you are satisfied with yourself She made no further progress because of complacence 5connoisseurship n 鉴赏力Love of or taste for fine objects of art 6consumptive adj 结核病的 消费的Afflicted with or or associated with pulmonary tuberculosis A consumptive person can t smoke consumption n 消费 结核病The act of consuming something The consumption of coal is decreasing year by year consume v 消费 吃光Eat immoderately consumer n 消费者A person who uses goods or services Page 2 of 14Lesson Thirteen 7creditable adj 值得赞扬的 可信的Worthy of often limited commendation Making a new machine is a creditable attempt creditability n 可信的 可信事物 credit v 相信 记帐Have trust in trust in the truth or veracity of Do you credit his story credit n 信任 称赞Approval 8culminate v 以 告终End esp to reach a final or climactic stage 9detest vt 憎恨 痛恨Dislike intensely feel antipathy or aversion towards 10 devotee n 信徒 热心者An ardent follower 11 disfigure v 损坏外形 毁容Spoil the appearance of 12 docile adj 驯服的 易控制的Easily handled or managed 13 ebb vi 衰退 Low back or recede of tide water ebb n 处于低潮The outward flow of the tide ebb and flow盛衰 涨落 14 eccentric n 古怪的人A person of a specified kind usually with many eccentricities eccentric adj 古怪的Not having a common center not concentric 15 exasperate vt 激怒 使气恼Make furious Page 3 of 14Lesson Thirteen exasperating adj 令人气恼的Extremely annoying or displeasing exasperation n 激怒 气恼An exasperated feeling of annoyance 16 flea n 跳蚤 17 headway n 进展 前进Forward movement 18 hitherto adv 迄今 到此时 to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time 19 humanistic adj 人道主义的Pertaining to or concerned with the humanities They considered the problem from a humanistic point of view humanist n 人文主义者An advocate of the principles of humanism Humanist supports humanism humanism n 人文主义The doctrine that people s duty is to promote human welfare 20 hybird n 杂种 混血儿 21 ingenuous adj 单纯的 无经验的Characterized by an inability to mask your feelings 22 judicious adj 明智的Characterized by good judgment or sound thinking 23 lavish adj 慷慨的 无节制的 Very generous lavish vt 乱花 慷慨地给予Expend profusely also used with abstract nouns 24 leprosy n 麻风病 25 lion hunt vi巴结社会名流 26 low brow adj 喜欢通俗东西的 Characteristic of a person who is not cultivated or does not have intellectual tastes Page 4 of 14Lesson Thirteen low brow n 喜欢通俗东西的人A person who is uninterested in intellectual pursuits 27 malady n 疾病Any unwholesome or desperate condition 28 malefic adj 有害的 邪恶的Having or exerting a malignant influence We should pay attention to the malefic influences of violence on the children maleficence n 坏事 邪恶性Doing or causing evil maleficent adj 心怀叵测的Harmful or evil in intent or effect Some TV programms are maleficent to the growth of adolescents 29 modernity n 现代性The quality of being current or of the present 30 mortal adj 致命的Subject to death mortal n 凡人 终有一死的人A human being 31 novelty n 新奇的事物 新奇Originality by virtue of being refreshingly novel It is fashionable for young people to buy novelties novel adj 新奇的 不常见的Of a kind not seen before His idea was novel to me novel n 小说A extended fictional work in prose usually in the form of a story 32 out of hand立即 不可收拾 33 outrun vt 超过 超出Run faster than as in a race 34 overeat vi 吃过头Eat too much 35 perishable adj 易腐烂的Liable to perish subject destruction or death or decay Page 5 of 14Lesson Thirteen 36 permissible adj 允许的 许可的That may be accepted or conceded It is not permissible to sell fakes permission n 许可 准许Approval to do something He entered the room without permission permit v 允许Give permission 37 philistine n 市侩 庸人A person who is uninterested in intellectual pursuits 38 picturesque adj 生动形象的 迷人的Strikingly expressive 39 platonic adj 精神的Free from physical desire 40 poeticize v 写诗 用诗赞颂 poeticizing n 浪漫诗情 41 pride of place头等重要的地位 42 problematical adj 成问题的 有疑问的Open to doubt or debate 43 reiterate v 重申To say or state again The general reiterated a command reiteration n 重复地说或做Doing or saying again Please pay attention to the reiteration of the motif 44 prohibitionn 禁止Refusal to approve or assent to Most people are in favour of the prohibition laws prohibit v 禁止 阻止Command against Page 6 of 14Lesson Thirteen Children are prohibited from buying cigarettes prohibitive adj 禁止的 抑制的Tending to discourage especially of prices prohibitionist n 赞成禁止某物者Opposes intoxicating beverages 45 repulsive adj 令人反感的 排斥的Offensive to the mind The repulsive smell made her vomit repulsion n 排斥 反感 厌恶The force by which bodies repel one another repulse v 排斥 厌恶Force or drive back The father repulsed the unreasonable request of her son repulse n 击退 严拒An instance of driving away or warding off 46 skyscraper n 摩天大楼A very tall building with many storeys 47 snob n 势利的人 A person regarded as arrogant and annoying snobbery n 势利的行为 语言等The trait of condescending to those of lower social status snobbish adj 势利的 Befitting or characteristic of those who inclined to social exclusiveness and who rebuff the advances of people considered inferior 48 solecism adj 失礼 无理 不恰当A socially awkward or tactless act 49 solicitude n 挂念 关心 焦虑A feeling of excessive concern His deep solicitude for our study impressed us solicitous adj 担心的 渴望的Full of anxiety and concern Page 7 of 14Lesson Thirteen David was solicitous about his mother s health solicitously adv 担心地 渴望地In a concerned and solicitous manner 50 sub species n 亚种 biology a taxonomic group that is a division of a species usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species 51 temper vt 缓和 减轻Make more acceptable or suitable by adding something else 52 to the tune of达到 数量 53 tubercle n 结核 tuberculosis n 结核病 54 unceasing adj 不断的 不停顿的Continuing forever or indefinitely 55 wrestle v at another time other snobberies are regarded so Page 10 of 14Lesson Thirteen 10 The snobbery of culture still strong has now to wrestle with an organized and active low browism The snobbery of culture now has to fight with low browism which is very active and effectively acted upon by large numbers of people 11 Even in France where the existence of so many varieties of delicious wine had hitherto imposed a judicious connoisseurship and has led to the branding of mere drinking as a brutish solecism In France the existence of so many different kinds of wonderful wine has set up the authority of the French people on judging the quality of wines and has led them to reard drinking alcoholic drinks as an uncivilized offense against good social manners 12 for well brought up men and well brought up womem of all ages from fifteen to seventy to be seen drunk if not in public at least in the very much tempered privacy of a party If well brought up men and women still can t be seen drunk in public at least now it is all right for them to be seen drunk in a party which though not very private with the guests around is less public than in front of the public eyes 13 Organized waste among consumers is the first condition of our industrial properity If our industry is to develop quickly so the capitalists can make even more money the first thing these people need to do is to deliberately produce things of poor quality that will not last long or things that are easily dated in style This way the consumers have to keep buying things Page 11 of 14Lesson Thirteen 14 and you have the gospel of any leader of any modern industry Any leader of any modern industry will accept this as the principle and act upon it 15 The newspaper do their best to help those who help them The newspaper do their best to help the industrialists who pay them millions and millions a year for advertisements 16 The value of snobbery in general its humanistic point The value of snobbery in general its value concerning human beings 17 The society snob must be perpetually lion hunting The society snobs must try constantly to have famous people as their guests at social getherings or parties or just try to get acquainted with them 18 because it compels the philistines to pay at least some slight tribute to the things of the mind and so helps to make the world less dangerously unsafe for ideas than it otherwise might have been Those people who do not like or understand good art music literature etc and do not think they are important here the author uses this word to refer to the people in power who only pay attention to material things will have to at least show a little bit of Page 12 of 14Lesson Thirteen respect for the products of the mind ideas instead of banning or not welcoming them Thus it will be less dangerous and unsafe for things of the mind pay a tribute to show respect or admiration 表表示示敬敬意意或或推推崇崇 By erecting this statue we have paid a tribute to the memory of the founder of our university 19 Each hierarchy culminates in its own particular Pope Each group of people has its most highly esteemed snobbery 20 People who possess sufficient leisure sufficient wealth not to mention sufficient health can not expect us to be very lavish in our solicitude and pity Don t expect us to be generous in showing our concern and pity to those people who are leisured wealthy and healthy not to mention without mentioning 更更不不用用说说 We are too busy to take a long holiday this year not to mention the fact that we can t afford it 21 Even in France the American booze snobbery is making headway among the rich The American booze snobbery starts to be popular among the rich people even in France make headway make progress 有有进进展展 Page 13 of 14Lesson Thirteen Their scientific experiment has made much headway 22 Thanks to modern machinery production is outrunning consumption Owing to modernized machines production exceeds consumption thanks to owing to as the result of 由由于于 因因为为 Thanks to