高中英语 Unit5《NelsonMandelaamodernhero》UsingLanguage精品测试训练 新人教版必修1.doc

2013年高一英语精品测试训练：unit 5 nelson mandela-a modern hero using language （人教版必修1）.词汇与短语1.stop sb.from doing 阻止某人做某事(=prevent/keep sb.from doing)the church bells stop me from sleeping.教堂的钟声使我不能入睡。the stone walls stop the farmers cows from joining the neighbors.石头墙使农民家的牛不会混入邻居的牛群中去。【短语链接】 （1）keep doing 继续或保持做(强调动作的持续性)news of successes keep pouring in.捷报频传。（2）keep on doing 继续或反复做(强调动作的反复性)we will keep on trying and,if we get anything done,we will notify you.我们将继续努力，有结果将通知你。（3）keep sb.doing 使某人一直做(表示被迫进行的动作)ill try not to keep you waiting.我尽量不让你久等。2.come into/to power 当权，上台de gaulle came to power in 1958.戴高乐是1958年上台的。the party came into power at the last election.这个政党是在上次大选中当选执政的。【短语链接】come into contact联系 come into being 形成，诞生come into effect实施 come into existence 形成come into force实施 come into sight 看见3.the first time 在句中引导时间状语从句the first time i climbed onto the wall,i felt nervous.我第一次爬上墙时，感到非常紧张。【提醒】 表示时间的短语可以引导时间状语从句，如：the instant,the minute,the day,the year,each/every time,next time,the first/second/last time,by the time等。every time i catch a cold,i have pain in my back.每次感冒我的背就疼。the minute he saw her,he fell in love with her.他对她一见倾心。the day he returned home,his father was already dead.他回家的那一天，他的父亲已经死了。he was much better the last time i saw him.我上次见他时他好多了。by the time he was taken to the hospital he was nearly dead.他被送到医院时已经不行了。4.terror n.u 惊恐；恐惧c 可怕的人；恐怖的事her eyes were wild with terror.她的眼睛充满了恐惧。she lives in terror of losing her job.她一直胆战心惊地害怕丢失工作。these street gangs have become the terror of the neighborhood.这些街头少年团伙使得周围邻里谈之色变。【提醒】 识记下列terror的派生词汇：terrorism恐怖主义 terrorist 恐怖分子；恐怖主义者terrorize恐吓；威胁 terrify 使恐惧；使惊吓terrified恐惧；很害怕 terrible 非常讨厌的；令人极不快的5.fear n.c & u 害怕，恐惧；担心；顾虑vt.& vi.惧怕，害怕；担忧he was shaking with fear.他害怕得直发抖。there is no fear of his getting any injury.他不会受伤的。he fears nothing.他什么都不怕。6.cruelty n.u 残酷；残暴the deliberate cruelty of his words cut her like a knife.他说的那些残酷无情的话对她像刀割一样。【提醒】cruel adj.残忍的；冷酷的he is cruel to animals.他对动物很残酷。her eyes were cruel and hard.她目光犀利。7.reward （1）v.酬谢，给以报酬；奖赏how can i reward your kindness?我怎么才能酬谢你的好心？anyone returning the necklace will be handsomely rewarded.谁归还了项链将获得重谢。（2）v.使得到好处success rewarded his efforts.成功回报了他的努力。his services were rewarded.他的服务得到了回报。（3）v.使得到报应the man was well enough rewarded for his crimes.那个人罪有应得。（4）n.报酬；酬谢（可数或不可数）a large reward is offered for the return of the ring.因为归还了戒指，很大的酬谢付出了。he was presented with a gold watch as a reward for his service.有人给了他一块金表，作为他的服务的酬谢。he will expect some reward after working so hard.工作这么努力后，他会有一些报酬。（5）n.好处（常用复数形式）the rewards of arts are not to be measured in money.艺术的好处不是用金钱来衡量的。apart from the salary,teaching children has its own particular rewards.除了薪水外，教孩子有其特殊的好处。（6）n.惩处；报应all evil-doers get their just-rewards.所有做坏事的人会得到惩处的。【提醒】rewarding adj.值得做的；有益的a rewarding experience/job有益的经历/工作teaching is not very financially rewarding.教书不会有很高的报酬。【辨析】reward与awardreward表示“奖赏，酬谢”，只能以人或人的行为作宾语，后面加介词with，for，常用于借喻中;award 表示“给予，授予”（奖章、奖金等），后面可以跟两个宾语。they rewarded the boy for bringing back the lost dog.他们酬谢那个男孩，因为他把走失的狗送回来了。shes been awarded a scholarship to study at oxford.她已获得了去牛津大学念书的奖学金。【即学即用】1,000,but thats my last offer.ok.its a .a.costb.pricec.rewardd.deal答案：d 本题在语境中考查名词词义辨析。cost “成本”；price“价钱”；reward“报酬”；deal“交易”。根据“但那是我最后的出价”可知d为最佳答案。its a deal.意为“成交”。8.set up （1）成立；建立；立起来we decided to set up a fund for the hope project.我们决定为希望工程设立一项基金。they set up a laboratory and devoted their spare time to this work.他们建立了一个实验室，把业余时间用来进行这项工作。the children set up a tent.孩子们搭起了帐篷。a shop was set up at the street corner.街拐角处开了个店。（2）使恢复健康；使体格强健a few days rest will set you up.几天的休息将使你恢复健康。（3）(使)开始从事某种职业his parents set him up as a doctor.他的父母使他从事医生的职业。he set up for himself as a bookseller.他开始经营书。【短语链接】set about开始做，着手处理 set aside宣告无效；驳回；废止set down放下，搁下；记下，记载，写下set off出发，启程 (=set out，set forth)；使爆 炸，引起爆炸；衬托；使更为突出set on攻击；袭击；使攻击；使追赶 set up as立业；开始从事set out出发;开始；陈列；展出【十年高考链接】（1）（2012大纲全国高考）we to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.a.set aboutb.set upc.set outd.set down答案：c 句意：我们开始着手粉刷整个房子，但是那天只完成了前面部分。set about意为“动身，开始做”（后跟v.-ing形式）；set up意为“建立，搭建”；set out意为“动身，出发，开始做，着手做”（后接不定式）；set down意为“记下”。根据句意和此空后是不定式“to paint”知选c。（2）（2012湖北高考）walking alone in the dark,the boy whistled to his courage.a.hold upb.keep upc.set upd.take up答案：b 首先了解这四个选项的汉语意思。a项hold up表示“支撑；阻挡”；b项keep up表示“使不下降；保持不变；维持”；c项set up表示“建立，成立”；d项take up表示“开始从事；占领；继续”。由题中的关键信息walking alone in the dark以及whistled可知男孩吹口哨是为了保持勇气，给自己壮胆。所以此处选b。句意为“一个人在黑暗中走，男孩吹口哨以保持勇气”。【即学即用】i the hobby of fishing as a child.a.built upb.set upc.kept upd.took up答案：b 本题主要考查短语动词意义的区别。build up 意为“树立，逐步建立”；set up意为“树立(榜样)；创立；建立”；keep up 意为“坚持；继续；使不低落”； take up 意为“拿起；吸收；从事”。.句式与语法should/ought to have done 表示“本应该做某事，而事实上并没有做”。否定句表示“不该做某事而做了”，ought to 在语气上比should 要强。you ought to/should have been more careful in the experiment.你当时在做试验时应该更仔细点。he ought not to have thrown the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服扔了。（事实上已扔了）【常考用法】“have+过去分词”的用法还有：（1）与should/would like连用表示未实现的愿望。he would like to have seen it.他本想看看它。（但没能看到）（2）与could连用，表示过去没有的能力或过去的可能性。i could have made a lot of money.我本来能够赚到许多钱。（但我没能赚到）（3）与may/might连用，表示推想发生在过去的动作。he may/might have left.=it is possible that he（has） left.他可能已经走了。you might/could have been killed！（那时）你可能会送了命的！（4）与cant/couldnt连用表示否定的推测。he cant/couldnt have moved the piano himself.这台钢琴不可能是他自己搬的。【十年高考链接】（1）(2013新课标全国高考)since nobody gave him any help,he have done the research on his own.a.canb.mustc.wouldd.need答案：b 分析主从句逻辑关系知，主句是对从句表达的原因的一种猜测，must have done想必/准是/一定做过某事，符合主从句之间的逻辑关系。本题句意为“既然没人给他帮助，那他肯定是自己做的研究”。can have done用于疑问句或否定句中，表示对过去情况的推测；would have done表示过去将来完成时或用于虚拟语气中；need have done通常用于否定句和疑问句中，表示“本不必做某事却做了”。（2）(2013陕西高考)the children lost in the woods;otherwise,they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.a.must have gotb.must getc.should have gotd.should get答案：a 题干的意思是：“孩子们一定是在森林中迷路了；否则的话他们会按计划在湖边露营的。”从题干中otherwise后面表达的情况来看，前半句应该是表示对过去的肯定推测，所以要用must have done结构，意为“一定/想必已经”。（3）(2013四川高考)why are your eyes so red？you have slept well last night.yeah，i stayed up late writing a report.a.cantb.mustntc.needntd.wont答案：a 题干的意思是：“你的眼睛为什么这么红？你昨晚肯定没有睡好。”“是的，我熬夜写了一篇报告。”cant have done意为“不可能做过”，表示对过去事情的否定推测。由题中的关键信息stayed up late writing a report“熬夜写报告”可推测昨晚没有睡好，所以选a。mustnt表示“禁止”，neednt表示“没必要”，wont表示“不愿意”，均不合题意。（4）(2013辽宁高考)harry is feeling uncomfortable.he too much at the party last night.a.could drinkb.should drinkc.would have drunkd.must have drunk答案：d 句意：harry （现在）感觉不舒服。昨天晚上在宴会上他肯定喝多了。此处表示对过去动作的肯定推测，应该用“情态动词+have+done”结构，故排除a项和b项；c项不表示推测，而是虚拟语气，表示与过去的事实相反的情况；must have done意为“（过去）肯定做过某事”，表示对过去事情的肯定推测。（5）（2012江苏高考）happy birthday!thank you! its the best present i for.a.should have wishedb.must have wishedc.may have wishedd.could have wished答案：d 句意：“生日快乐！”“谢谢！这是我能期待的最好的礼物。”根据语境可知，这里不是对过去情况的推测或评价，而是对迄今为止发生的事情的一个总结。its the best present.使用的是最高级，其后接的定语从句应该使用完成时。本题的could have wished为can have wished的委婉表达。口语中，我们使用could替代can可使语气更加委婉、礼貌，故选d。（6）(2011江苏高考)i left my handbag on the train,but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.how unbelievable to get it back!i mean,someone it.a.will have stolenb.might have stolenc.should have stolend.must have stolen答案：b 本题考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。句意：“我把手提包忘在了火车上，但幸运的是有个人把它交给了铁路部门的一名官员。”“还能找回来多么令人难以置信！我的意思是，有人原本可能把它偷走的。”might have done “可能已经”，表示对过去发生之事的不太肯定的推测，符合题意。will have done表示将来完成时；should have done本应该做某事但实际未做；must have done表示对过去发生之事的肯定推测。（7）(2011新课标全国高考)they have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.a.willb.canc.mustd.should答案：d 本题考查“情态动词+have done”的用法。句意：他们本应该在午饭时间就到达的，但是他们的航班被耽搁了。will have done表示将来完成时，与题意不符；can have done一般用于否定句或疑问句中，可以排除；must have done表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，意为“肯定/必定做过某事”，也与句意不符；should have done表示“过去应该做某事（而实际上未做）”，符合句意。（8）(2010山东高考)i have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.a.shouldntb.needntc.couldntd.mustnt答案：a 句意：我本不应该看那部电影它会给我带来噩梦。由破折号后的内容来判断，其前内容为“不该做某事而做了”。shouldnt have done本来不该做某事却做了；neednt have done本来不必做某事却做了；couldnt have done为否定推测，表示“不可能做过某事”。（9）(2009上海高考) it have been tom that parked the car here，as he is the only one with a car.a.mayb.canc.mustd.should答案： c 本题考查情态动词表示推测的用法。由“因为他是唯一有车的人”可知，这是一个非常肯定的推测，故用must。a项是并非十分肯定的推测;can have done不能用在肯定句中，所以b项也不对;而should have done是“本应该做某事而实际未做”，不合题意。（10）(2009江苏高考)he did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.a.could expressb.would expressc.could have expressedd.must have expressed答案：c 句意:他并没有遗憾说了他所做的事情，但是他觉得他本来可以表达得有所不同。因为是对过去的情况进行的一种虚拟，所以用“情态动词+完成时”这个形式来表示。（11）(2008江苏高考)im sorry.i at you the other day.forget it.i was a bit out of control myself.a.shouldnt shoutb.shouldnt have shouted c.mustnt shoutd.mustnt have shouted答案：b 本题考查情态动词的用法。句意：“对不起，几天前我本不应该朝你大喊大叫的。”“不要记在心上。我自己有点情绪失控。”shouldnt have done本不应该做某事（但已经做了）。（12）(2008山东高考)thank you for all your hard work last week.i dont think we it without you.a.can manageb.could have managedc.could managed.can have managed答案：b 本题考查“情态动词+have done”结构，could have done表示“本能够做某事（但没做）”。（13）(2007陕西高考)i told your friend how to get to the hotel,but perhaps i have driven her there.a.couldb.mustc.mightd.should答案：d 本题考查情态动词。could have done“（过去）可能做过；本能够做”；must have done “（过去）肯定做过”；might have done “（过去）可能做过”；should have done “本应该做（而事实上没做）”。由句意“我告诉你朋友该怎么去旅馆，但或许我应该开车送她去那儿。”可知应选should。（14）(2007江西高考)where is my dictionary? i remember i put it here yesterday.you it in the wrong place. a.must putb.should have putc.might putd.might have put答案：d 本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。由yesterday可知a、c两项错误；should “应该，理应”；might “或许，可能”，显然d项正确。（15）(2007安徽高考)the teacher have thought johnson was