2012年浙江英语高考部分模拟及答案.doc

第三部分: 阅读理解（共两节, 40分）第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。（共15小题；每小题2分, 共30分）ACarl Linnaeus(1707-1778) was born in a peasant village in Sweden. His father was a pastor(牧师) as well as an amateur botanist. Interestingly, his father changed his name to Linnaeus because of a linden tree he admired. It was common to use the name of something in nature for your last name in that culture. Carl followed in the footsteps of his father. Books of botany became available for him to study. In 1583, an Italian named Andrea Cesalpino(1519-1603) wrote a book that was simply called De Plantis. Cesalpino was the first person to write a significant modern classification of plants since the Greek, Theophrastus, in about 340 B. C. Before Cesalpino, plants had been classified by their location, such as marsh plants, moorland(open plains) plants or foreign plants. Cesalpino classified them according to their structure, which was a beginning of precise scientific classification.Then a Swiss botanist named Gasperd Bauhin(1560-1624) developed another plant classification in his book, Exposition of Plants in 1623. This was a very large study of 6000 species(物种). He had studied Cesalpinos work carefully and improved it. He attempted to classify all known plants up to that time.The Englishman John Ray(1627-1705) toured England with a friend named Francis Willoughby from 1663 to 1666. Together, they wrote the book Catalogue of English Plants. He included 18000 plant species by the time of his death. He divided all flowering plants into monocotyledons and dicotyledons. He also noticed the leaves were veined differently. He carefully described plant locations, and possible uses in medicine.Carl Linnaeus obtained a degree in medicine and his interest in the use of the plant and herbs for medicinal use was natural. His professors realized Linnaeus was a brilliant student so he was allowed to lecture on botany in his medical school in Uppsala, Sweden. By the age of 25, he had decided he would invent an original classification system that would classify all living things. By age 28, he wrote the book System of Nature. Here he introduced a classifying system for every plant and animal by class, order, and species. His classification is now used everywhere in the world. 56. Who wrote the book De Plantis？A. Carl Linnaeus.B. Gasperd Bauhin.C. Andrea Cesalpino.D. Francis Willoughby.57. What can we learn about Carls father from the passage?A. He influenced Carl to be a botanist.B. He supported Carl to study medicine.C. He taught Carl how to classify plants.D. He helped Carl to write books on nature.58. What is the correct order of plant classification according to the passage? Plants were possibly used in medicine. Plants were classified by their location. Plants were classified according to the structure. Plants were classified by class, order, and species.A. B. C. D. 59. What might be the best title for the passage?A. Famous Botanists in the WorldB. Special System of ClassificationC. John Ray and Ways to Classify PlantsD. Carl Linnaeus and Plant ClassificationBAn important factor that plays a part in susceptibility(易受影响) to colds is age. A study done by the University of Michigan School of Public Health indicated the fact that seems to hold true for the general population. Babies are the group suffering most from colds, averaging more than six colds in their first years. Boys have more colds than girls up to age three. After the age of three, girls are more susceptible than boys, and teenage girls average three colds a year to boys two.The general frequency of colds continues to decline into adults. Elderly people who are in good health have as few as one or two colds annually. One exception is found among people in their twenties, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections(感染), because people in this age group are most likely to have young children. Adults who delay having children until their thirties and forties experience the same sudden increase in cold infections.The study also found that economics(经济状况) plays an important role. As income increases, the frequency at which colds are reported in the family decreases. Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the upper end. Lower income generally forces people to live in closer quarters than those typically occupied by wealthier people, and crowding increases the opportunities for the cold virus to travel from person to person. Low income may also influence diet. The degree to which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly proved, but an inadequate diet is suspected of lowering resistance generally.60. What factors cause people to catch colds easily?A. Age and pregnancy.B. Health and pregnancy.C. Health and economics.D. Age and economics.61. Why does the lowest income lead to the rapid spread of colds?A. Because poor people cant afford to go to see a doctor.B. Because balanced diet has definitely affected poor people.C. Because people with the lowest income have limited living space.D. Because cold virus dont have opportunities to travel in poor families.62. How does the study prove that age plays a part in susceptibility to colds?A. Using comparison. B. Using graphs.C. Using description.D. Using argument.63. What can you learn from the passage?A. Families with the lowest income suffer less colds than rich families.B. The general frequency of colds are likely to increase among the poor.C. Women in their twenties are most likely to avoid cold infections.D. The general frequency of colds continue to rise into the adults.CThe Great Lakes The United States has all kinds of lakes, large and small. But most of the fresh water in America is in five large lakes in the northeast and central US. These are the “Great Lakes”: Lake Huron, Lake Erie, Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, and Lake Ontario. There is enough water here to cover the US 10 feet deep.Travel in the Great Lakes area is easy because the lakes and many rivers are connected. Water transportation is quicker and cheaper than travel by land. For this reason, many industries such as steel and car factories were started around the Great Lakes about 100 years ago. But because of the many factories, the lakes and rivers have become filled with dangerous chemicals and oil. In 1969, the Cuyahoga River was so oily and dirty that it caught fire and burned for many hours. Now people are trying to clean up the lakes and rivers. The water is becoming clearer and cleaner, and there are more fish. But there are still chemicals which are dangerous to human health.Isle Royale National Park, an island in Lake Superior, is very wild. Visitors must travel several hours by boat to get there. The waters of Lake Superior are cold and dangerous. Several ships have hit underwater rocks and sunk. Now divers come to explore them. And people come to explore the islands forests.Visitors, who stay in one of the 36 campgrounds on Isle Royale, are sometimes awakened at night by the plaintive cry of a wolf. These wolves came across the ice-covered lake to the island in the late 1940s. The wolves hunt small animals. Sometimes they also kill moose. Isle Royale is a good place for scientists to study these animals.There are also no cars on Isle Royale, and no people live there all year around. But every summer thousands of vacationers hike along the wooded tracks, watch the abundant wildlife, and camp in the original wilderness.64. Why did many factories start around the Great Lakes about 100 years ago?A. Because people were trying to clean up the lakes and rivers.B. Because there was enough water in the Great Lakes area.C. Because there was low cost and fast shipping industry.D. Because the water became very clear and clean. 65. What does the underlined word “there” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Lake Superior.B. Lake Huron. C. Cuyahoga River. D. Isle Royale.66. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Wild animals are absent on Isle Royale island.B. The Great Lakes provide US with enough water.C. The Great Lakes are still heavily polluted at present.D. Settlers enjoy hiking on Isle Royale all year around.67. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?CPPPSPSPSPA.CPPSPSPSPSPB.CPPPSPSPSPC.CPPPSPSPSPD.CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point(次要点)DWe are not born doubting ourselves. We learn to do it. In fact, we are usually taught to doubt ourselves. We can learn some ways that allow us to become more accepting of ourselves. Following are two behaviors that might explain the reasons why you cant move towards greater self-acceptance.One thing that might cause you not to accept yourself is over-generalizing about something youve done that you dont like. For example, if you fail a test you might generalize and say, “Im really a stupid person.” When you do this you are making a statement about all of you all of the time and not just about this one situation at this time. Instead, you might decide that your grade on this test in this subject at this time was indeed poor, and then go on to decide what you want to do about your poor grade, if anything. Getting stuck in over-generalizing discourages you from taking steps that might allow you to do better on the next exam and to build an expectation of future failure.Having standards that are impossibly high is a second way you can not accept yourself. It may not come as a surprise to you that most of us are more demanding of ourselves than we are of others. Somehow we can tolerate the fact that other people fail, that they arent always kind, that theyve done things they arent proud of, but we have difficulty accepting those very human aspects of ourselves. The need to be perfect is another way to set yourself up for failure and enhance the feeling that you are not acceptable. We all make mistakes. Accepting less than perfection simply means recognizing the limitations natural in being born a human being. Learn to value who you are rather than who you could become. Wouldnt it be overpowering if we always had to do what we imagine we could do? Nobody has the time and energy to do all of that. We must make choices about what we will pursue and do them the best we can under the circumstances, which arent always ideal, by the way.68. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. We can feel that we are perfect when we set ourselves up for success.B. We can tolerate the fact that weve done things we arent proud of.C. Over-generalizing might encourage you to expect the future.D. Over-generalizing might cause you not to accept yourself.69. What is the authors attitude according to the passage?A. Its necessary for people to be perfect.B. Its acceptable for people to be imperfect.C. Its strange for people to be born with limitation.D. Its possible for people to do what they imagine.70. What has caused the lack of self-acceptance?A. Tolerance and high-level.B. Limitation and expectation.C. Over-generalization and high-standard.D. Extreme difficulty and complete failure.第二节 阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。（共5小题；每小题2分, 共10分）There was a legend about one small thing changing the world history.Sir Alexander Fleming was a Scottish biologist. His discovery of penicillin(青霉素) had changed the world of modern medicine by introducing the age of useful antibiotics(抗生素). 71 Alexanders father was a poor Scottish farmer. When Alexander was young, one day, while trying to make a living for his family, his father heard a cry for help coming from a nearby muddy ground. 72 There, stuck to his waist in black mud, was a terrified boy, screaming and struggling to free himself. Farmer Fleming saved the boy from what could have been a slow and terrifying death.The next day, a fancy carriage pulled up at the Scotsmans rough surroundings. An elegantly dressed nobleman stepped out and introduced himself as the father of the boy Farmer Fleming had saved.“I want to reward you,” said the nobleman. “You saved my sons life.”“I cant accept reward for what I did,” the Scottish farmer replied, waving off the offer. 73 “Is that your son?” the nobleman asked.“Yes,” the farmer replied proudly.“Ill make you a deal. Let me take your son and give him a good education. If the boy is anything like his father, hell grow into a man you can be proud of.”And that he did. Farmer Flemings son attended a very best school, and in time, he graduated from St. Marys Hospital Medical School in London. 74 Why? Because he discovered Penicillin. Years afterwards, the noblemans son was stricken with pneumonia. What saved him? Penicillin.The name of the nobleman? Lord Randolph Churchill. His sons name? Sir Winston Churchill. Sir Winston Churchill, was a British politician known chiefly for his leadership of the United Kingdom during World War II. 75 A. His father dropped his tools and ran to the muddy ground.B. If the farmer hadnt saved the boy, he wouldnt have met the nobleman.C. Penicillin has saved, and is still saving, millions of people around the world. D. At that moment, the farmers own son came to the door of the family cottage.E. Both the discoverer of Penicillin and his father saved Sir Winston Churchills life. F. He served as Prime Minister of UK from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.G. And he went on to become known throughout the world as the famous Sir Alexander Fleming.第四部分: 书面表达（共两节, 35分）第一节 情景作文（20分）某中学生英语报举行征文活动，征文主题为献给妈妈的爱。假设你是图片中的学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，介绍“三八妇女节”当天你为妈妈做的事情，写一篇文章向该报投稿。注意：词数不少于60。1234（请将情景作文写在答题卡指定区域内）第二节 开放作文（15分）根据下面提示，写一篇短文。词数不少于50。In your English class, you are asked to describe the following picture and explain to your classmates how you understand it.overstate（夸大）；snail（蜗牛）（请将开放作文写在答题卡指定区域内）第三部分：阅读（共两节，40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分, 共30分） 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分, 共10分）71 72 73 74 75 第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节 情景作文（20分）第二节 开放作文（15分）第三部分：阅读（共两节，40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分, 共30分） 56C 57A 58B 59D 60D 61C 62A 63B 64C 65D 66B 67A 68D 69B 70C 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分, 共10分）