与英国妇女儿童福利对比.docx

Comparison of welfare between women and children in China and Britain劳动与社会保障1441 熊凯斌 1420811102Womens welfare in China：1. Fertility benefitsGive birth allowances to women. When a female worker is pregnant, the examination fee, birth fee, operation fee, hospitalization expenses and expenses for the medicine shall be borne by the unit in charge of the examination and delivery of the medical institution or the designated medical institution of the unit. During maternity leave, wages are paid as usual. If the female worker is unable to work due to physical reasons after the holidays, when the medical department proves that the treatment exceeds the period of maternity leave, it shall be dealt with in accordance with the relevant provisions of the workers illness.2. Womens labor protection and welfareIn order to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of female workers, to reduce and solve the special difficulties caused by female workers in their work and work, and to protect their health, the State Council formulated the regulations on labor protection for female workers.3. Womens health benefitsIn our country the maternal infant health care law provisions and female worker health care, health care system of female workers made provisions: all levels of maternal and child health care institutions at or above the county level, all units responsible for the management within the scope of business guidance. The medical and health departments of each unit shall be responsible for the health care of female workers in their units. The number of female workers in 1000 following factories should be no part-time women health care personnel; the number of female workers in more than 1000 factories, workers in the obstetrics and gynecology hospital or maternity and child should be specifically responsible for the Baojian Railway Station in the health care work of female workers.4. Welfare facilities and welfare services for womenFor womens welfare facilities and welfare services, involving many aspects of womens lives and health, such as maternal and child health hospital, maternity hospital, womens activity center, service center, fitness center, women shop etc. Some womens enterprises and institutions also set up womens irrigation equipment, which are available to women during special periods.The present situation of childrens welfare in China：1. Child healthThe health of children includes three aspects: first, the newborn and greatly reduce the mortality of children under 5 years old; second, the vaccination rate and high; third, the nutritional status of children through the outline Chinese child development (2003-2012) the implementation of the mid-term evaluation report shows that Chinese children with moderate to severe malnutrition prevalence rate declined steadily from 0 to 6 months of breastfeeding rate in 2012 more than 85% of the target children program in 2010.2. EducationFirst, compulsory education. School-age children in China have the obligation to receive education.Second, preschool education. At present, most cities in China have fully realized their childrens enrollment. Early childhood education has been strengthened in 03, and has gradually extended to the age of three.Third, family education. Family education has attracted much attention and the number of parents and schools has increased. By 2012, 30 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and 723 townships had set up family education institutions.3. Legal protectionFirst, increase the counter turn efforts, especially for minor crimes.Second, legal aid agencies have increased, giving legal assistance to more children.British women and children welfare：Maternity benefits are mainly:Statutory Maternity Pay: when the employee is pregnant, the employer pays the wages per week, depending on the income of the employee and the employers term of the job.(1) Maternity Allowance: for eligible persons who are not legally entitled to pregnancy, the application status depends on the recent work and the payment of the insurance benefits.(2) Social Fund Maternity Payments: for those who receive income subsidies, job subsidies, work family storage taxes, taxes or provide the disabled storage.(3) Sure Start Maternity Grants: for those who receive income subsidies, job subsidies, work family storage taxes, or the disabled storage tax provided.Child welfare(1) Child Benefit: no matter how much you earn or how much you pay for national insurance, you are entitled to child benefits as long as you have the responsibility to take care of children. Benefits are provided for children under the age of sixteen, and children aged sixteen to eighteen are eligible to receive the study at non tertiary institutions for the full time. In some cases, even if the child has left full time education, they are still eligible for welfare payments for some time. The benefits are as follows: the first eligible child, fifteen pounds a week, and the rest of the children ten pounds a week.(2) Guardians Allowance: if the guardian is responsible for taking care of the children whose parents have passed away, they are eligible to apply for the allowance and child benefits. The first eligible children had nine pounds and eighty-five pence a week, and the other children eleven pounds and thirty-five pence a week.(3) Child Support Maintenance:Child Support Agency is responsible for asking you for appropriate alimony to your partner who has lived separately so as to take care of their childrens lives. You will have to apply for assessment and collect child support from you.If you or your current partner for Support Income-based Jobseekers Allowance income Income, Working Families, Tax Credit, Disabled Persons Tax Credit, to support the children may require you to apply for child support.(4) Child Maintenance Bonus: if you take care of a child who receives child support, you are eligible to apply for a child support allowance when you stop applying for income benefits or job benefits.(5) family allowance: if you at least sixteen hours a week, low income and the need to take care of at least one child. (children must be under the age of sixteen, or under the age of nineteen, full time study), will be eligible to apply for the.(6) single parent allowance: for persons with single parents who are dependent on their children, the allowance is only for the first child, except for the child benefits. The current benefit is thirty pence per Saturday.Widows welfare(1)widow Kim, a widow who is not entitled to a pension when her husband dies, whose age is under 60, and the amount is 1000 pounds.(2)Widow Mother allowance: widows who take care of at least one child are eligible for child benefits; or a widow who is pregnant when her husband goes. The allowance is tax.(3) widow pension: the applicant is 45 years of age or above, or ceases to receive widows mother benefits. The amount is set according to age and amount.Conclusion:In Britain and China and the welfare of women and children are different, but in women, Chinas widow welfare no specific policy and corresponding benefits, while in children, our country pays more attention to the childrens education and health, and more attention is paid to the British children to raise funds and allowance subsidies. Therefore, I believe that in the areas of women and childrens welfare, my Congress is slowly approaching the welfare state of the welfare state, which is also the inevitable direction of policy development.Reference：1 British childrens welfare system and Its Enlightenment J. Qin Baoyu, Yang Hong. Development of human resources. 2014 (22)2 childrens welfare demonstration project design logic J. Huang Xiaoyan, Xu Wenqing. Social welfare. 2014 (11)3 China child welfare system and the construction of social welfare. J. Jiang Zhiqiang (THEORY EDITION) 2014 (12).4, director of child welfare in action: small garden love sur