非谓语动词之现在分词和过去分词课件.ppt

Grammar,非谓语动词之现在分词和过去分词,分词：Participles,一分词的概述,1.分词是“非谓语动词”的另一种形式，它有两种形式：现在分词（PresentParticiple）和过去分词（PastParticiple）。,2.现在分词：doing过去分词：done,3.分词在句中起形容词和副词的作用。在句中作表语、定语状语和宾语补足语。,现在分词与过去分词的区别：,1.语态上：现在分词表主动，过去分词表被动,DoyouknowthewomantalkingtoTom?Thesoldierkilledinthewarwasadoctor.,2.时态上：现在分词表进行，过去分词表完成,Developingcountry发展中国家Developedcountry发达国家boilingwater正在沸腾的水boiledwater已经烧开了的水,二、分词的作用,1、作定语,分词作定语有两种形式。它可以放在被修饰的名词之前，称为前置定语。有的放在被修饰的名词之后，称为后置定语。,（1）前置定语,Makelessnoise.Theresasleepingchild.Weonlysellusedbooks.我们只卖用过的书。,（2）后置定语,TheyoungmansittingbetweenJohnandMaryistheeditorofthecampusnewspaper.,现在分词作定语表示动作。如果是单词，放在被修饰的名词前；如果是短语，放就放在被修饰的名词之后。,Thebridgebuiltlastmonthneedsrepairing.,上个月建造的那座桥需要修理。,坐在John和Mary之间的那个年轻男人是校园新闻报的编辑。,（3）分词短语作定语必须置于被修饰词之后，相当于一个定语从句。如：,Thosewhowishtojointheclubshouldsignhere.,(Thosewishingtojointhisclubshouldsignhere.）,想加入本俱乐部的人在这里签名。,Theman,whohadbeendisturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory.),由于被严重困扰，这个人几乎失去了记忆。,(Theman,havingbeendisturbedsobadly,almostlosthismemory.,（4）过去分词作定语在意义上有两种可能：表示被动和完成，只表完成。如：,thequestiondiscussedyesterday,昨天讨论的问题（既表示被动也表示完成）,thefallenleaves,落下的树叶(只表示完成，不表示被动),2、作表语,分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。如：,Shewastoofrightenedtomove.她被吓得一动不动。Whatyousaidisreallyinspiring.你所说的真令人鼓舞。,3、作宾语补足语,可以跟宾语补足语的谓语动词有see,watch,hear,set,keep,find,have,get等词。,Isawhimwalkinginthestreet.我看见他在街上走。Iheardthemsingingintheclassroom.我听见他们在教室里唱歌。Wefoundtheboysleeping.我们发现小孩睡着了。,A）Iheardmybrother(singing,sung)inthenextroomB）Iheardthesong(singing,sung)inEnglish.,现在分词与过去分词在作状语的区别,4、作状语,现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成,1.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.(Seeing/seen)fromthetopofthetower,thefactorylooksbeautiful.2.(Hearing/heard)thebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.3.(Giving/Given)moretime,wecoulddoitbetter.,Whenweseefromthetopofthetower,wecanseeabeautifulfactory.,Whenthefactoryisseenfromthetopofthetower,theFactorylooksbeautiful.,Whentheyheardthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.,Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitbetter.,Hearingthebadnews,theycouldnthelpcrying.,Whentheyheardthebadnews,Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.,Iftheyhadbeengivenmoreattention,Beingsoangry,hecouldntgotosleep.,Becausehewassoangry,2019/12/15,12,可编辑,Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.,Toservethepeoplewell,Istudyhard.,判断下列句子正误并改正：,1.TolearnEnglishwell,alotofpracticemustbedone.2.Seeingfromthehill,thecityismorebeautiful.3.Heating,waterwillboil.4.Gettingthere,thedoorwasfoundopened.,wefoundthedooropen.,Wemustdoalotofpractice.,将下列状语从句改为非谓语短语作状语：1.Becauseshewasmovedbythehero,shedecidedtostudyharder.,2.Whenhefoundthedoorlocked,hewenthome.,Hestartedearlyinorderthathecouldgetthereontime.,将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句,Notknowingheraddress,Icantwritetoher.2.Enteringtheroom,Isawastrangesight.3,Scoldedbytheteacher,hewasverysad.,BecauseIdontknowheraddress,Icantwritetoher.,WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawastrangesight.,Afterhewasscoldedbytheteacher,hewasverysad.,4.Notknowingwheretogo,heaskedapoliceman.5.Hearingherfriendwasbadlyhurt,sheburstintotears.6.Knowinghisteamhadwon,hebecamehappyatonce.,Whenshehadheardherfriendwasbadlyhurt,sheburstintote