七级英语上第、单元知识点及语法总结.doc

.可数与不可数名词1， Countable nouns: hamburgers, eggs, oranges, bananas, apples, pears, carrots, vegetables, tomatoes(potatoes/photos,radios), strawberries(families,dictionaries) 2， Uncountable nouns: milk, bread, rice3， Countable and uncountable nouns: food, fruit, ice-cream, salad, chicken4， Fruit:apples,pears,oranges,banans,strawberries.5， Vegetabels:tomatoes,potatoes,carrots,broccoli.6， Food:hamburgers,eggs,French fries,Ice-cream,chicken,salad,milk,rice,bread. 一二三四通过对一个时态，两种结构，三单人称，四种句式的系统学习，搭建起整个初中英语学习的框架。Unit5:have/has1， I/We/They have/dont have a baseball/volleyball/basketball/football/soccer ball/tennis ball/ping-pong ball/ping-pong bat/tennis racket.2， Do you/they have a .? Yes,I/we/they do./No,I /we/they dont.3， Lets play baseball/volleyball/basketball/football/soccer/tennis/ping-pong.4， That souns good/interesting/fun/boring/easy/difficult/relaxing.Unit6:like/likes1， I/We/They like(dont like) apples/milk (for breakfast/lunch/dinner).Do you/they like apples/milk? Yes,I/we/they do./No,I/we/they/ dont. What do you/they like?2， He/She/Bob likes(doesnt like) pears/rice .Does he/she/Bob like pears/rice? Yes,he/she/Bob does./No,he/she/Bob doesnt. What does he/she/Bob like? 一般现在时态 课本89页91页 两种句子结构1，动词be：即就是主系表结构的句子 2，实义动词do：即就是主谓结构的句子(这儿的do代表像do一样的所有动词)3，一般现在时态有两大句子结构，一是主系表结构的句子，一是主谓结构的句子。 3， 主系表结构句子即句子中有系动词be（am/is/are）, 其中，I和am搭配，you和are搭配，单数主语和is搭配，复数主语和are搭配。 否定句只需要在系动词后not，一般疑问句只需要将系动词be提前并大写即可。 We are students. We are not/arent students. Are you students? Yes, we are./No,we arent. What are you? We are students.3.主谓结构句即主语+谓语+其他。We have a basketball.主语 谓语 宾语 一般现在时态主谓结构句子一定要注意主语是三单还是非三单！花开两朵，各表一枝！三单和非三单三单即第三人称单数，相反就是非三单。 三单作主语的有： He/She/It/This/That/Bob(单个姓名)/The desk(单个事物) 四种句式变化1， 主系表结构句式变化简单。 肯定句中，I和am搭配，you和are搭配，单数主语和is搭配，复数主语和are搭配。 否定句只需要在系动词后not，一般疑问句只需要将系动词be提前并大写即可。 He is (always) late for school. He is not/isnt late for school. Is he late for school? Yes,he is. No,he isnt.2， 主谓结构句式变化复杂，是因为： 一要注意主语是三单，谓语动词要变在三单形式； 二要注意否定句和疑问句要借助助动词do和does来帮助构成句子。 3， 难点区分： 区分实义动词do,dose和助动词do,does (最后做家庭作业的那个题) 4， 一般现在时态主谓结构各种句式（以实义动词have为例）。1) 肯定句：主语是非三单，谓语动词用原形；主语是三单，谓语动词用三单形式，如have 的三单形式是has.课本91页。I/They/we/You have a baseball. He/She/It/Bob has a soccer ball.2) 否定句：主语是非三单，谓语部分用dont +V.（动词原形）；主语是三单，谓语部分用doesnt + V.（动词原形） I/They/we/You dont have a baseball. He/She/It/Bob doesnt have a soccer ball.3) 一般疑问句及其回答：主语是非三单，句子开头用助动词Do，句中的谓语动词用原形；主语是三单，句子开头用助动词Does，句中的谓语动词用原形。Do you have a baseball? Yes,I do./No,I dont. Does he have a soccer ball? Yes,he does./No,he doesnt.4) 特殊疑问句：由特殊疑问词+一般疑问句构成，要直接回答，不用yes或no。What do you have? I have a baseball. What does he have? He has a soccer ball.5， 第5单元的have/has,第6单元的like/likes，那么其他动词又是怎么样的呢？请牢记住课本91页主语是三单谓语动词的变化表格。 6， 难点区分： 部分规则和可数名词单数变复数规则相同，注意区别。课本86页和课本91页。 可数名词：单数+规则复数 谓语动词：原形+规则三单（第三人称单数形式） 1) Mike每天看电视。 watch TVMike watches TV every day.Mike doesnt watch TV every day.Dose Mike watch TV every day?Yes,she does./No,she doesnt.What does she do every day?2) Mary 每晚做家庭作业。do ones homework=do homeworkMary does her homework every night.Mary doesnt do her homework every night.Does Mary do her homework every night?Yes,she dose./No,she doesnt.What does Mary do every night?中考链接（2011，山东）Alice has a tennis racket. （改为否定句和一般疑问句） Alice _ _ a tennis racket._ Alice _ a tennis racket?书面表达For breakfast,I like milk and eggs,but I dont like hamburgers. For lunch,I like tomatoes and rice,but I dont like carrots. And for dinner,I like potatoes and chicken,but I dont like salad.For breakfast,Bob likes milk and bread,but he doesnt like eggs. F