新目标七年级上册语法知识讲解.doc

初中七年级上语法总复习一 Be 动词（am, is, are）的用法口诀：I 用am , you 用are ,is 连着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数统统用is，复数一律都用are. 变疑问，往前提，句末问好莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be 后not莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。 注意：be 动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如：Im , whats ,names, theyre等。I _ a student. You _ Janpanese. He _ my brother.She_ very nice. My name _Harry. I _ 10 years old.Lilei _ very tall. Mary, this _ Tom. Miss Zhou _ my teacher.What_ this? The cat_ black. This book_ very interesting.Lilei and I _ good friends. These _ apples. Those_ bananas.They _students. _ she from China? _ you good at English?The books _ on the desk. I _ a boy. _ you a boy? No, I _ not.The girl_ Jacks sister. The dog _ tall and fat. The man with big eyes _ a teacher._ your brother in the classroom? Where _ your mother? She _ at home.How _ your father. Mike and Liu Tao _ at school. Whose dress _ this?Whose socks _ they? That _ my red skirt. Who _ I?The jeans _ on the desk. Here _many oranges for you.Here _ some sweaters for you. The black pants _ for Su Yang.This pair of boots _ for Yang Ling. There some milk for me.Some tea _ in the glass. Gao shans shirt _ over there. My sisters name _Nancy.This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. _ David and Helen from England? There _ a girl in the room. There _ some apples on the tree._ there any kites in the classroom? _ there any apple juice in the bottle? There _ some bread on the plate. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.You, he and I _ from China. My telephone number_8563-0770.二.人称代词与物主代词（一） 根据句子前后内容，写出正确的代词。Li lei is from China._ is Chinese.My name is Gina._ am a student.This is Tom._ is in Grade Two.His name is Tony._ telephone number is 856-0770.She is a student._name is Julia.（二）用所给词的适当形式填空1.That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big.( I )2. The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3. Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . ( I )4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he )5. _ dresses are red. (we) What colour are _? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is _ ?( she )7. I can find my toy, but wheres _? ( you )8. Show _ your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it )10. Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ arent here. ( they )11. Shall _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom. ( we )12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she )13. That is not _ camera. _is at home. ( he )14. Where are _? I cant find _. Lets call _ parents. ( they )15. Dont touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger! 16. _ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she )17. _ dont know her name. Would you please tell _. ( we )18. So many dogs. Lets count _. ( they )19. I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3. I like _ very much. ( he )20. May I sit beside _? ( you )21. Look at that desk. Those book are on _. ( it ） 22.The girl behind _ is our friend. (she )三冠词的用法exercise：在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划/。1.Whats this? Its _ clock.2.Whats that? Its_alarm clock.3.What is it? Its _ “w”.4.What color is your coat? Its _orange. Its _orange coat.5.Jims mother is_Mrs.Green. She is _ teacher.6.Those pens are in _ pencil-case.7.Heres _ interesting family photo.8.When does Lily go to _ bed in _evening?9._ “h”,_ “o”and _“w” in the word “how”.10.This is _my English book.11.Where is _bag? Its under_table.12.I often go to _school at _7:00.13.Take_ cup to_your mother.14.They like playing _ football.15.My favorite subject is_P.E. .16.Do you have_pingpong bat? Yes, I do.17.Do you want to see _ action movie? No, I want to play_chess.18.When is his sisters birthday? Its_April _ eleventh.19.Does Bill like_hamburgers? No ,he doesnt.20.A：Lets play soccer. B:I dont have_soccer ball. A:Well,lets play _drums. B:That sounds good.21.Do you have Art Festival at your school? Yes, we do.22.How much are _ two hats? They are 10 dollars.23.Rich often goes to see _Beijing Opera on_weekends.24.Can Tom play_piano? Yes, he can. Can he play _it well? No, he cant.25.When do people usually eat _breakfast? They usually have_it in _morning.26.Please listen to _teacher carefully.四名词及名词的所有格名词：表示人、事物或抽象概念的名称的词（一）名词的数 1.可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，其复数形式的构成主要有以下几种： （1）一般情况下，在词尾加s.eg.bookbooks，dogdogs，penpens，boyboys （2）以s，x，ch，sh结尾的词名词变复数时，要在词尾加es.eg.beachbeaches，brushbrushes，busbuses，boxboxes （3）以“辅音字母y”结尾的名词，先变y为i，再加es. eg.citycities，familyfamilies，documentarydocumentaries，countrycountries， strawberrystrawberries （注：以“元音字母+y”结尾的词，直接在词尾加-s.eg.boys，holidays，days） （4）以元音字母o结尾的名词，变复数时情况如下： 加es eg.tomatotomatoes，potatopotatoes 结尾是两个元音字母的加s，eg.zoozoos，radioradios 某些外来词变复数时词尾加s，eg. pianopianos 一些名词的缩写形式变复数时，词尾加s， eg.photo（photograph）photos，kilo（kilogram）kilos zero变复数时，既可加s，也可加 eg.zeroszeroes（5）以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时，先把f或fe变为v，再加es. eg.wifewives，leaf leaves，halfhalves，knifeknives，thiefthieves（注意：roof的复数为roofs； scarf的复数为scarfsscarves）（6）有些名词由单数变复数时，不是在词尾加s或es，而是变换其中的字母。eg.manmen，womanwomen，policemanpolicemen，EnglishmanEnglishmen，FrenchmanFrenchmen， footfeet， toothteeth， childchildren，mousemice，OxOxen（公牛） （7）还有一些名词的单数和复数形式相同。 eg.Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish（8）另一些名词本身即是复数形式，不可用作单数。 eg，people，police，trousers，pants，clothes，scissors名词的所有格：名词的所有格（表示人或物的所属关系）（1）有生命的名词所有格以及表示时间、距离、城镇、国家等的名词所有格。 不是以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，在词尾加s. eg.Mikes watch；Womens Day 以s结尾的名词变成所有格时，只加。 eg.teachersoffice，studentsrooms 两个或两个以上名词并列，表示共同所有，只需在最后一个名词后加s. eg.Tom and Mikes room汤姆和迈克的房间（表示汤姆和迈克共有一间房） 两个或两个以上名词并列，表示分别所有，需在几个名词后都加s. eg.Marys and Jennys bikes玛丽和詹妮的自行车（表示玛丽和詹妮各自的自行车）（2）无生命的事物的名词所有格常用of结构 eg.a map of China，the beginning of this game，the door of the room（3）特殊形式 可用s和of短语表示的名词所有格 eg.the boys name=the name of the boy（男孩的名字） the dogs legs=the legs of the dog（狗的腿） Chinas population=the population of China（中国的人口） Chinas capital=the capital of China（中国的首都） 双重所有格 eg.a fiend of my mothers我妈妈的一个朋友 a picture of Toms汤姆的一张图片exercise：1. 写出下列词的复数形式。baby_ case_knife_ photo_ Chinese_hamburger_potato_ key_ watch_ name_ strawberry_ tomato_dollar_ orange_ people_ documentary_ boy_piano_ child_ man_ this_ that_ I _ she_you_ bus_ wish_ Japanese_ am_3.选择填空 1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.A. are photoes B. are photos C. is a photo D. is photos 2. This kind of car made in Shanghai. A. is B .are C .were D .has 3. There are four and two in the group. A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German C.Japanese, Germans 4. Thata art book. A. an B. a C. the D are5. The boys have got already.A. two bread B. two breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread6. The old man wants .A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river.A. is ,fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are ,fish8. There two in the box.A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches9. We should clean twice a day.A .our tooth B. our tooths C.teeth D.our teeth10.The _ meeting room is near the reading room.A.teacher B.teachers C.teachers D.teachers11. In Britain _ are all painted red.A.letter boxes B.letters boxes C.letter box D.letters box五时态复习-一般现在时1.含be动词的一般现在时2. 实义动词的一般现在时一个动作经常反复地发生，就用一般现在时。第三人称单数（he, she, it,Tom和单数名词等）作主语时，谓语动词要加“s”或“es”，这种动词形式简称为动词的单三形式。记住：单三人称单三动，其他人称用原形。如：They get up at six oclock. He goes to school at seven thirty.动词第三人称单数的构成规则：a.一般情况下在动词词尾加s 如：get-gets like-likes playplays， wantwants， workworks， knowknows， helphelps，getgetsb. 以字母s、x、ch或o结尾的动词加-es；如：guessguesses， fixfixes， teachteaches， brushbrushes， gogoes，dodoes，watchwatches，catchcatchesc. 以辅音字母y结尾的动词，先变y为i，再加-es。如：studystudies，carrycarries，flyflies，worryworries特殊词： have-has一、 用be动词的适当形式填空。1.I _ a student.2._your father a worker? Yes, he_.3.They _in the classroom.4.This_ an apple.5.Where _ my bookes?6.We_ friends.7.You_ a good student.8.These_ her peas.9.How much _the T-shirt?10.How much_ the socks?11.Our mother _forty.12.You can _ in our school music club.13.I want to _a teacher.14.Lets _friends.15.He and I _friends.16.Tina_a student.17.Mary and Tom_students.18.Someone_ in the room.19.Who_your brother?20.When_ your uncles birthday?二 完成句子。1.I_(know) the boy.2.They_(go) to work on Sundays.3.He usually_(come) to school early.4.I often_(have) rice, meat and vegetables.5.My grandfather _(play) sports in the park.6.Miss Li _(teach) English in our school.7.The students of Class Four_(sing) a song on Monday.8.Alice and Jerry _(do) homework after school.9.We_(take) a shower in the evening.10.Her sister_(have) Chinese every day.11._ you_(have) a soccer ball?12.Mary_(not come) from America. She _(come) from Britain.13._your mother_(watch)TV every day?14. _your sister_(know)English?15. Who_(want )to go swimming?三 用所给词的适当形式填空。1.We often_(play) in the playground.2. He_ (get) up at six oclock.3._you_ (brush) your teeth every morning.4. What_(do) he usually_(do) after school?5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6._Mike sometimes _(go) to the park with his sister.7. At eight at night, she_ (watch) TV with his parents.8_Mike_(read) English every day?9. How many lessons_your classmate_(have) on Monday?10. What time_his mother_(do) the housework?11.He usually _ (get)up at six in the morning.1She_(have) blues eyes.1We _(go ) to school every day1The boy _(like) playing football.1We_(have)no classes on Sundays.1She_(write) to her mother once a week.1It _(rain)quite often during the month of July every year.1She often_(watch)TV on Saturdays.1Mike usually_(ride) a bike with his friends in the park.20 Peter and Mary often_(play) badminton together.23.My mother_(have) a lot of cousins.21.Many people often _ (listen) to the radio in the moring.22._(do)she _(like) playing the violin?Yes,she_(do).23.She_(have)four brothers. She_(like) them very much.24. He often _(have) dinner at home.25. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.26.Sandy usually _(play) the piano on Sundays.27.The cat_(like) eating fish every much.28. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.29. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.30.Who_(teach)English in your school?31.May I _(know) your address?32._(be) you twelve?33.She_(like) fish, but she _(not like) meat.34.Her mother is good at _(make) cakes.35.Mr Green wants _( buy) a new watch.36.Who_(be) your English teacher?37.My father _(go )to bed at 10:00 every evening.38.His friend _(like,play) computer games.39.Lets _(watch)TV.40._your mother _(have) a baseball bat?41._Jim and Tom _(like) hamburgers?42.What kind of movies_ your grandfather_(want) to see?43.Where _(be ) the two