语法填空技巧.doc

语法填空解题技巧指导一，解题步骤：1，快速浏览，了解大意。对于简单有把握的空，可以先填出来；2，上下求索，填出答案。根据上下文及空格前后的逻辑关系，填出正确的词以及正确的形式；3，通读全文，检查确认。特别要注意，根据文章意思，有些空是否要加入否定前缀。二，解题思路：1，有提示词这类题和咱们以前用所给词的正确形式填空做题方法基本一致，首先需要我们根据上下文，分析句子成分，确定空格所需要的词性，再根据前后文确定词形。1）.如果要填入动词，我们需要判断到底是谓语动词和非谓语动词。如果缺谓语动词，就要考虑到时态和语态的变化。若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，那么我们应该填入非谓语动词，这时我们需要确定到底是todo,doing还是done的形式。例题：.Forexample,I_(order)adigitalcameraonlinetheotherdayandsavedabout$50.WhenIdie,I_(give)everythingtoyou.Ontheirreturn,thefatheraskedhisson_(explain)whathehadlearnt.Theyareanimals_(live)inthesea.Helikesreadingbooks_(write)byLuXun.【实时训练】分析句子结构，找出句中的谓语动词及非谓语动词。1.Worldemissionshaverisenbyabout70%sincethe1970s.2.Walking10kilometerseverydayisachallenginggameforanormalperson.3.Itaffectsmansspiritandmakesthemmorelikelytosufferfromdisease.4.Manyyearsagotherelivedaveryrichmanwhowantedtodosomethingforthepeopleofhistown.5.Thesurveyconductedbytheclubshowsthatmanypeoplewanttotakeexerciseforonehoureveryday.课堂练习Task1.请做下面一组题，每做一题都要思考是如何一步一步做出来的，并将解题的思维过程说出来。在做完这一组题后，总结一下这类题的解题方法。1.IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar_(break)downneararemotevillage.2.Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften_(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.3.peoplesteppedonyourfeetor_(push)youwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.4.Hermotherwasexcited,“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane_(inform).5.Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman_(present)thewatertotheoldman.Histeachertookadeepdrink6.He_(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.Task2:请做下面一组题，每做一题都要思考是如何一步一步做出来的，并将解题的思维过程说出来。在做完这一组题后，总结一下这类题的解题方法。1.Inoticedaman_(sit)atthefront.2.Hespititout,_(say)itwasawful.3.Itsalready8:30.Wemusthurryup_(catch)theplane.4.Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop_(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.5.Ireallylikethephotos_(take)ontheGreatWall.Task3:根据以上所学知识，填写下列句子。1.WhenIaskedwhathe_(want)toorder，hejust_(shake)hishead.2.Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom，_(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute.3.InMountBerry，Georgia，peoplefindagroupofschools_(build)speciallyformountainchildren.4._(walk)nearer，shelookedupatmeandthen_(fix)hereyesonmycan.5.Theotherfrogskept_(tell)themtostopandthattheywereasgoodasdead.6.Beforethewaitresscouldevenfinish_(describe)themenu，myfriendlookedatmewithhiseyebrows_(raise).7.Apick-uptruck_(pass)usontheroadand，afewminuteslater，Isawit_(pull)backandthedriverlookingdirectlyatus.（2）.如果需要填入名词，我们则需要根据我们的积累，加上正确的词缀，并判断是否有单复数的变化。通常情况下，作主语，及物动词或介词的宾语，形容词或物主代词之后，冠词+（形容词）后以及表示数量的词后要用名词。例题：.Myfirst_(impress)ofhimisthathewasakindandthoughtfulman.Thesepeoplehavemadegreat_(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.Withlargenumbersofstudents,the_(operate)ofthesystemdoesinvolveacertainamountofactivity.【实时训练】1.Whatisthe_(different)betweenthetwowords.2.Thedrivers_(care)ledtothetrafficaccident.3.Ireceivedaletterof_(invite)butIdidntacceptit.4.Heisa_(lie),dontbelievehim.5.Ihadno_(choose),though.6.The_(win)ofthecompetitionaretobeannouncednextweek.7.Lookupthe_(mean)ofthewordinadictionary.8._(congratulate)!Youhavedonesowellinthegame.9.Ireceivedaletterof_(invite)butIdidntacceptit.（3）.如果需要填入形容词、副词。首先，我们要确认到底是填形容词还是副词。形容词一般用来修饰名词，代词，或作表语；副词一般用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。其次，我们还要考虑是否需要变成比较级或最高级。例题：.BeforethetripIthoughtwewererich,buttodayIlearntwhois_(true)rich.Hemustbe_(mental)disabled.Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled_(warm)._(Fortune),nobodywasinjuredandnobuildingsweredestroyed.Somepeoplesaythattheoldestchild,whoaresmartandstrong-willed,areverylikely_(succeed).Thewinningcarreachedaspeedoffortymilesanhour-much_(fast)thananyofitsrivals.【实时训练】Task1.用所给词的适当形式填空，并圈出解题的关键词（被修饰词）。1.Theriverwassopollutedthatit_(actual)caughtfireandburned.2.Bendyourkneesslightlyandreachoutyourarmsliketreebranches,naturallyand_(soft).3.Justbe_(patience).4.Althoughparentsshouldtake_(well)careoftheiryoungchildren,theydont_(necessary)doanythingforthem.5.-DoyoulikeMarysnewhairstyle?-Perfect!Howmuch_(good)shelookswiththecurlyshorthair!6.-Areyousatisfiedwiththeresultoftheexam?-Notatall.Icanthavea_(bad)one.7.-Lilydidsucceedatlast!-Yeah,indeed,butshewas_(luck)thansuccessful,Ithink.8.Thatwouldbeavery_(reason)thingtodoinabigcity,butitcoulddestroyasmallvillagelikethis.9.Maryfelt_(please),becausethereweremanyemptyseatsintheroom.10.Theteachersareveryenthusiasticand_(friend)andtheclassroomsare_(amaze).Task2.语法填空Sometimeago,afriendofmine,whoworkedinapartofthecityIdidntknowvery_1_(good),invitedmetocallonhim.IttookmehourstogetthereandItook_2_(greatly)troubletofindaproperspottoparkmycar.AsIwasalreadythree-quartersofanhourlate,Iparkedmycar_3_(quick).Atnoon,justIwasleavingmyfriendsoffice,it_4_(sudden)struckmethatIhadnoideawhereIhadparkedmycar.IcouldhardlygouptoapolicemanandtellhimthatIhadlostasmallgreencarsomewhere!Walkingdownstreet_5_street,Iexaminedeachcar_6_(close)andwasveryhappytoseeasmallgreencarjustbehindanoldcar.ButHow_7_(disappoint)Iwastodiscoverthatthoughthecarwas_8_(exact)likemyown,itbelongedtosomeoneelse!Feelingquite_9_(tire)now,Iwentoffforlunch.Sometime_10_(late),Ilefttherestaurantandwalkeddownthestreet.Turningthecorner,Inearlyjumpedforjoy:mycarwasrightinfrontofme,andtherewasnoproblemthistime.2，无提示词无提示词的空格一般需要填入冠词，代词，介词，连词（并列连词和从属连词）等虚词。（1）.名词前面一般用冠词，形容词性物主代词或介词等。例题：.Ayoungman,whiletravelingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater._waterwassweet.Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot_pleasantexperience.Theyoungmanwenthome_ahappyheart.MoYanwontheNobelPrizefor_greatworks.（2）.缺主语或宾语，一般填代词。常考的代词包括：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，不定代词。做题时，先要通过翻译句子来确定该空格处所缺的意思，从而确定用哪一种代词，再通过平时积累的语法知识，来判断代词的准确使用。例题：6.Herearetwobags.Theblue_ismine.Suddenlythewallmoved-_wasmadeoftrees.Newtechnologieshavemade_possibletoturnoutnewproductsfaster.（3）.若两个或多个单词，短语，或句子之间设空，一般填入并列连词and,but,or等。例题：.Eachwinnerreceivesagoldmedal,adiploma_asumofmoney.Hewasverytiredfromdoingthisforawholeday,_hefeltveryhappy.Whichdoyouprefer,folkmusic_popmusic?【实时训练】1._villagewhereIwasbornhasgrowninto_bigtown.2.Inordertofindabetterjob,shedecidedtostudy_secondlanguage.3.Thecoffeeissodelicious.Ihavefinishedacupofitandwant_.4.Insomecountries,peopleeatwithchopsticks,whilein_,theyuseknivesandforks.5.LarryasksBillandPetertogoonapicnicwithhim,but_ofthemwantsto,becausetheyhavealotofworktodo.6.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidntansweranyof_.7.Respectisveryimportant_home,atschool,andeverywhereyougo.8.Eachfrogcaneatalotofpeststhatareharmful_crops.9.Jackisinahurrybecausethebustotheairportleaves_halfanhour.10.TheScottishgirl_blueeyeswonthefirstprizeintheFifthChineseSpeechContest.11.Peoplefindthattheycouldhardlyfallasleepinhotsummerdays_airconditioners.12.Susanmade_cleartomethatshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.（4）.若两个句子之间没有分号或是句号；若一个句子包含在另一个句子里面，或一个句子位于逗号之后，则应该填连词，多为从属连词that,who,which,if,unless,though,because,when,until等。例题：.Finallyhereachedalonelyisland_wascompletelycutofffromtheoutsideworld._hardyourtry,itisdifficulttoloseweight.Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild,youdbetterstay_youare._wehaveenoughevidence,wecannotwinthecase.Somechildrenwanttochallengethemselvesbylearningalanguagedifferentfrom_theirparentsspeakathome.Atthesametime,therehadbeenagrowingnu