物权法(中英文对照).doc

.中华人民共和国物权法 Real Rights Law of the Peoples Republic of China English Version中文版发文日期：2007-03-16有效范围：全国发文机关：全国人民代表大会文号：主席令2007第62号时效性：现行有效生效日期：2007-10-01所属分类：综合（民法-物权-综合）Promulgation Date：03-16-2007Effective Region：NATIONALPromulgator：National Peoples CongressDocument No：Order of the President 2007 No. 62Effectiveness：EffectiveEffective Date：10-01-2007Category：General（Civil Law-Right In Rem-General）中华人民共和国物权法Real Rights Law of the Peoples Republic of China主席令2007第62号Order of the President 2007 No. 622007年3月16日March 16, 2007（2007年3月16日第十届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过2007年3月16日中华人民共和国主席令第六十二号公布自2007年10月1日起施行）第一编总则第一章基本原则第二章物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭第一节不动产登记第二节动产交付第三节其他规定第三章物权的保护第二编所有权第四章一般规定第五章国家所有权和集体所有权、私人所有权第六章业主的建筑物区分所有权第七章相邻关系第八章共有第九章所有权取得的特别规定第三编用益物权第十章一般规定第十一章土地承包经营权第十二章建设用地使用权第十三章宅基地使用权第十四章地役权第四编担保物权第十五章一般规定第十六章抵押权第一节一般抵押权第二节最高额抵押权第十七章质权第一节动产质权第二节权利质权第十八章留置权第五编占有第十九章占有(Adopted at the 5th session of the Tenth National Peoples Congress, promulgated by the Order of the President No. 62 on March 16, 2007 and effective as of October 1, 2007)ContentsPart I General ProvisionsChapter I Basic PrinciplesChapter II Creation, Alteration, Transfer and Termination of Real RightsSection 1 Registration of ImmovablesSection 2 Delivery of MovablesSection 3 Other ProvisionsChapter III Protection of Real RightsPart II OwnershipChapter IV General Provisions on OwnershipChapter V State, Collective and Private OwnershipsChapter VI Partitioned Ownership of Building AreasChapter VII Neighboring RelationshipsChapter VIII Co-ownershipChapter IX Special Provisions on Appropriation of OwnershipPart III Usufruct RightsChapter X General Provisions on Usufruct RightsChapter XI Land Contractual Operating RightsChapter XII Construction Land Use RightsChapter XIII Residential Land Use RightsChapter XIV EasementsPart IV Collateral rightsChapter XV General Provisions on Collateral rightsChapter XVI Mortgage RightsSection 1 General Mortgage RightsSection 2 Maximum Amount of Mortgage RightsChapter XVII Pledge RightsSection 1 Movable PledgeSection 2 Pledge of RightsChapter XVIII LienPart V PossessionChapter XIX PossessionSupplementary Provisions第一编总则Part I General Provisions第一章 基本原则Chapter I Basic Principles第一条为了维护国家基本经济制度，维护社会主义市场经济秩序，明确物的归属，发挥物的效用，保护权利人的物权，根据宪法，制定本法。(相关文章：相关案例1篇 专业书刊1篇 )Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution, in order to maintain the basic economic system of the State, to safeguard the socialist market economic order, to clearly define the attribution of specific properties, to promote the utilities of properties and to protect the real rights of rights holders.第二条因物的归属和利用而产生的民事关系，适用本法。本法所称物，包括不动产和动产。法律规定权利作为物权客体的，依照其规定。本法所称物权，是指权利人依法对特定的物享有直接支配和排他的权利，包括所有权、用益物权和担保物权。(相关文章：相关案例21篇 热点透视1篇 专业书刊1篇 )Article 2 The civil relationships arising from the attribution and utilization of properties shall be governed by this Law.Properties referred to in this law include immovables and movables. Where it is prescribed in any provision that a certain right be the object of real rights, such provision shall apply.For the purposes of this Law, real rights refer to a rights holders exclusive right of direct control over a specific immovable or movable in accordance with the law, and include ownership, usufruct and collateral rights.第三条国家在社会主义初级阶段，坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度。国家巩固和发展公有制经济，鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济的发展。国家实行社会主义市场经济，保障一切市场主体的平等法律地位和发展权利。(相关文章：专业书刊1篇 )Article 3 In the primary phase of socialism, the State adheres to the basic economic system with public ownership as a principal element, and diverse forms of ownership developing jointly.The State shall consolidate and develop the public economy, and shall encourage, support and guide the development of the non-public economy.The State shall adopt a socialist market economic system, and shall protect the equal legal status and the development rights of all market subjects.第四条国家、集体、私人的物权和其他权利人的物权受法律保护，任何单位和个人不得侵犯。(相关文章：相关案例111篇 热点透视2篇 )Article 4 The real rights of the State, collectives, individuals or any other rights holder shall be protected by law, and no entity or individual may infringe upon these rights.第五条物权的种类和内容，由法律规定。Article 5 The categories of real rights and their contents shall be prescribed by law.第六条不动产物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭，应当依照法律规定登记。动产物权的设立和转让，应当依照法律规定交付。(相关文章：相关案例16篇 热点透视1篇 专业书刊1篇 )Article 6 The creation, alteration, transfer or termination of a real right of an immovable shall be subject to registration in accordance with the law. The creation or transfer of a real right of a movable shall be delivered in accordance with the law.第七条物权的取得和行使，应当遵守法律，尊重社会公德，不得损害公共利益和他人合法权益。(相关文章：相关案例23篇 )Article 7 The acquisition and exercise of real rights shall comply with the law and be in respect of social ethics, and may not infringe upon the public interests and the lawful rights and interests of any other person.第八条其他相关法律对物权另有特别规定的，依照其规定。Article 8 Where another law contains special provision in respect of a real right, such provision shall prevail.第二章物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭Chapter II Creation, Alteration, Transfer and Termination of Real Right第一节不动产登记Section 1 Registration of Immovables第九条不动产物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭，经依法登记，发生效力；未经登记，不发生效力，但法律另有规定的除外。依法属于国家所有的自然资源，所有权可以不登记。(相关文章：相关案例124篇 热点透视2篇 )Article 9 Upon registration in accordance with the law, the creation, alteration, transfer or termination of the real rights of an immovable shall come into effect; and it shall have no effect if it is not registered in accordance with law, unless otherwise prescribed by any law.As for natural resources owned by the State in accordance with the law, the registration of ownership is not required.第十条不动产登记，由不动产所在地的登记机构办理。国家对不动产实行统一登记制度。统一登记的范围、登记机构和登记办法，由法律、行政法规规定。(相关文章：相关案例4篇 热点透视1篇 )Article 10 The registration of an immovable shall be handled by the registrar at the locality of the immovable. The State shall adopt a uniform registration system for immovables. The relevant laws and administrative regulations shall prescribe the scope, particulars of the registrar and measures of uniform registration .第十一条当事人申请登记，应当根据不同登记事项提供权属证明和不动产界址、面积等必要材料。(相关文章：相关案例1篇 )Article 11 In light of the different registration items, an applicant shall, when applying for the registration of an immovable, provide such necessary materials as the ownership certificate of the immovable and the location and area of the immovable.第十二条登记机构应当履行下列职责：（一）查验申请人提供的权属证明和其他必要材料；（二）就有关登记事项询问申请人；（三）如实、及时登记有关事项；（四）法律、行政法规规定的其他职责。申请登记的不动产的有关情况需要进一步证明的，登记机构可以要求申请人补充材料，必要时可以实地查看。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例4篇 )Article 12 The registrar shall perform the following duties:1. Verifying the ownership certificate and other required materials as provided by the applicant;2. Querying the applicant on the registration items concerned;3. Registering the relevant items in accordance with the facts and in a timely manner; and4. Other duties as provided for in any law or administrative regulation.The registrar may request the applicant provide supplementary materials where further proof in relation to the situation of the immovable under application for registration is needed, and may conduct on-site inspection when necessary.第十三条登记机构不得有下列行为：（一）要求对不动产进行评估；（二）以年检等名义进行重复登记；（三）超出登记职责范围的其他行为。Article 13 The registrar may not commit any of the following actions:1. Asking for an appraisal of an immovable;2. Undertaking repetitive registration in the name of annual inspection; or3. Any other actions beyond the scope of registration duties.第十四条不动产物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭，依照法律规定应当登记的，自记载于不动产登记簿时发生效力。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例21篇 热点透视1篇 )Article 14 Where the creation, alteration, transfer or termination of a real right of an immovable is required by law to be registered, it shall take effect on the date it is recorded in the register of immovables.第十五条当事人之间订立有关设立、变更、转让和消灭不动产物权的合同，除法律另有规定或者合同另有约定外，自合同成立时生效；未办理物权登记的，不影响合同效力。(相关文章：相关案例95篇 专业书刊1篇 )Article 15 Where a contract is entered into by the related parties concerning the creation, alteration, transfer or termination of the real rights of an immovable, the contract shall take effect upon the initiation of the contract, unless it is otherwise prescribed by any law; and the validity of the contract is not affected, whether the real right has been registered or not.第十六条不动产登记簿是物权归属和内容的根据。不动产登记簿由登记机构管理。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例10篇 )Article 16 The register of immovables shall be the basis for deciding the ownership and contents of an immovable and shall be under the management of the registrar.第十七条不动产权属证书是权利人享有该不动产物权的证明。不动产权属证书记载的事项，应当与不动产登记簿一致；记载不一致的，除有证据证明不动产登记簿确有错误外，以不动产登记簿为准。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例62篇 )Article 17 The certificate of ownership of an immovable shall be the evidence for the rights holders ownership of an immovable. The items recorded in the certificate of ownership of an immovable shall accord with those recorded in the register of immovables. In the case of any inconsistencies, unless it is proven that the register of immovables is incorrect, items recorded in the register of immovables shall prevail.第十八条权利人、利害关系人可以申请查询、复制登记资料，登记机构应当提供。Article 18 A rights holder or interested party may apply to consult and copy the registration materials, and the registrar shall make these materials available.第十九条权利人、利害关系人认为不动产登记簿记载的事项错误的，可以申请更正登记。不动产登记簿记载的权利人书面同意更正或者有证据证明登记确有错误的，登记机构应当予以更正。不动产登记簿记载的权利人不同意更正的，利害关系人可以申请异议登记。登记机构予以异议登记的，申请人在异议登记之日起十五日内不起诉，异议登记失效。异议登记不当，造成权利人损害的，权利人可以向申请人请求损害赔偿。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例5篇 )Article 19 Where a rights holder or interested party believes that any item recorded in the register of immovables is incorrect, he may apply for a correction of the registration. The registrar shall revise the registration accordingly if the rights holder recorded in the register of immovables agrees in writing to revise the registration, or if there is evidence to prove that the registration is incorrect.Where the rights holder recorded in the register of immovables does not agree to the alteration, the interested party may apply for objection registration. Where the registrar grants the objection registration but the applicant fails to lodge an action within 15 days, the objection registration shall lapse. Where the objection registration is improper and causes damage to the rights holder, the rights holder may request the applicant compensate for damages.第二十条当事人签订买卖房屋或者其他不动产物权的协议，为保障将来实现物权，按照约定可以向登记机构申请预告登记。预告登记后，未经预告登记的权利人同意，处分该不动产的，不发生物权效力。预告登记后，债权消灭或者自能够进行不动产登记之日起三个月内未申请登记的，预告登记失效。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例3篇 专业书刊1篇 )Article 20 Where the related parties enter into a purchase agreement on a premise or the real rights of any other immovable, they may apply to the registrar for pre-registration so as to ensure realization of real rights in the future. Any disposal of the immovable, after the pre-registration, is not valid without the consent of the holder in the pre-registration.If after the pre-registration is made, the obligees right is terminated or the application for the registration of the immovable is not filed within 3 months of the date it can be registered, the pre-registration shall lapse.第二十一条当事人提供虚假材料申请登记，给他人造成损害的，应当承担赔偿责任。因登记错误，给他人造成损害的，登记机构应当承担赔偿责任。登记机构赔偿后，可以向造成登记错误的人追偿。(相关文章：相关案例7篇 )Article 21 Where any related party provides false materials in applying for registration and causes damages to any other person, he shall be liable for compensation of damages.Where a registrar causes damages to any other person by virtue of a mistake in registration, the registrar shall be liable for compensation of damages. After making the compensation, the registrar may seek to recover the amount from the person responsible for the registration mistake.第二十二条不动产登记费按件收取，不得按照不动产的面积、体积或者价款的比例收取。具体收费标准由国务院有关部门会同价格主管部门规定。(相关文章：相关案例1篇 )Article 22 Immovable registration fees shall be charged per unit, and may not be charged on the basis of the size, volume or price of the immovable. The relevant departments of the State Council in collaboration with the competent pricing department shall formulate the rate of fees.第二节动产交付Section 2 Delivery of Movables第二十三条动产物权的设立和转让，自交付时发生效力，但法律另有规定的除外。(相关文章：相关案例25篇 )Article 23 The creation or transfer of the real rights of a movable shall take effect upon delivery, unless otherwise prescribed by any law.第二十四条船舶、航空器和机动车等物权的设立、变更、转让和消灭，未经登记，不得对抗善意第三人。(相关文章：相关案例16篇 )Article 24 The creation, alteration, transfer or termination of the real rights of any vessel, aircraft, or motor vehicle, etc. may not challenge any bona fide third party if it is not registered.第二十五条动产物权设立和转让前，权利人已经依法占有该动产的，物权自法律行为生效时发生效力。(相关文章：相关案例1篇 专业书刊1篇 )Article 25 Where the rights holder has taken legal possession of a movable prior to the creation or transfer of a movables real rights, the realrights shall take effect upon the effectiveness of the legal act.第二十六条动产物权设立和转让前，第三人依法占有该动产的，负有交付义务的人可以通过转让请求第三人返还原物的权利代替交付。Article 26 Where a third party has taken legal possession of a movable prior to the creation or transfer of a movables real rights, the person assuming the obligation of delivery may assign the right to request the third party to return the original object in lieu of delivery.第二十七条动产物权转让时，双方又约定由出让人继续占有该动产的，物权自该约定生效时发生效力。(相关文章：相关案例2篇 )Article 27 Where both parties agree to let the transferor retain possession of the movable when the real rights of a movable are transferred, the real rights shall take effect upon the effectiveness of the agreement.第三节其他规定Section 3 Other Provisions第二十八条因人民法院、仲裁委员会的法律文书或者人民政府的征收决定等，导致物权设立、变更、转让或者消灭的，自法律文书或者人民政府的征收决定等生效时发生效力。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例32篇 )Article 28 For the creation, alteration, transfer or termination of real rights resulting from a legal document issued by the Peoples Court or arbitration committee or a requisition decision issued by the Peoples Government, etc., the real rights shall take effect upon the effectiveness of the legal document or the requisition decision of the Peoples Government, etc.第二十九条因继承或者受遗赠取得物权的，自继承或者受遗赠开始时发生效力。(相关文章：相关案例3篇 )Article 29 Where real rights are acquired through inheritance or bequest, the real rights shall take effect at the commencement of the inheritance or bequest.第三十条因合法建造、拆除房屋等事实行为设立或者消灭物权的，自事实行为成就时发生效力。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例9篇 )Article 30 Where real rights are created or terminated as a result of such factual events as the legal construction or demolition of premises, the real rights shall take effect upon the accomplishment of the factual event.第三十一条依照本法第二十八条至第三十条规定享有不动产物权的，处分该物权时，依照法律规定需要办理登记的，未经登记，不发生物权效力。(相关文章：相关案例7篇 )Article 31 Regarding real rights of an immovable appropriated according to the provisions of Articles 28 through 30 of this Law, any disposal thereof will not effect the real rights until it is registered as required by law.第三章物权的保护Chapter III Protection of Real Rights第三十二条物权受到侵害的，权利人可以通过和解、调解、仲裁、诉讼等途径解决。(相关文章：相关案例53篇 )Article 32 Where real rights are infringed upon, the rights holder may settle the problem by means of conciliation, mediation or arbitration, etc.第三十三条因物权的归属、内容发生争议的，利害关系人可以请求确认权利。(相关文章：相关案例73篇 )Article 33 Where the ownership or contents of real rights are in dispute, the interested parties may require the confirmation of the real rights.第三十四条无权占有不动产或者动产的，权利人可以请求返还原物。(相关文章：相关案例203篇 )Article 34 Where an immovable or movable is under unauthorized possession, the rights holder may require the return of the original object.第三十五条妨害物权或者可能妨害物权的，权利人可以请求排除妨害或者消除危险。(相关文章：法律法规1篇 相关案例155篇 )Article 35 Where real rights are under obstruction or may be obstructed, the rights holder may require the removal of the impediment or the elimination of the danger.第三十六条造成不动产或者动产毁损的，权利人可以请求修理、重作、更换或者恢复原状。(相关文章：相关案例46篇 )Article 36 Where an immovable or movable is damaged, the rights holder may require the repair, remake, change or the restoration to the original state.第三十七条侵害物权，造成权利人损害的，权利人可以请求损害赔偿，也可以请求承担其他民事责任。(相关文章：相关案例162篇 )Article 37 Where an infringement upon real rights causes losses to the rights holder, the rights holder may require compensation for the losses or the assumption of any other civil liability.第三十八条本章规定的物权保护方式，可以单独适用，也可以根据权利被侵害的情形合并适用。侵害物权，除承担民事责任外，违反行政管理规定的，依法承担行政责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。(相关文章：相关案例3篇 )Article 38 The methods for protecting real rights as prescribed in this Law may apply either independently or jointly in light of the circumstances of infringement.In addition to assuming civil liabilities, any entity or individual infringing upon real rights shall assume the administrative liabilities where he violates any provision on administrative regulation; and where any crime is established, he shall assume the criminal liabilities.第二编所有权Part II Ownership第四章一般规定Chapter IV General Provisions on Ownership第三十九条所有权人对自己的不动产或者动产，依法享有占有、使用、收益和处分的权利。(相关文章：相关案例128篇 热点透视1篇 专业书刊1篇 )Article 39 An owner of an immovable or movable is entitled to possess, utilize, profit from and dispose of the immovable or movable in accordance with the law.第四十条所有权人有权在自己的不动产或者动产上设立用益物权和担保物权。用益物权人、担保物权人行使权利，不得损害所有权人的权益。(相关文章：相关案例3篇 )Article 40 An owner of an immovable or movable is entitled to establish usufruct rights or collateral rights over the immovable or movable. When exercising the right, the holder of usufruct rights or collateral rights may not infringe upon the rights and interests of the owner.第四十一条法律规定专属于国家所有的不动产和动产，任何单位和个人不能取得所有权。(相关文章：相关案例11篇 )Article 41 Where an immovable or movable is exclusi