阿金夏湾ArgentiaBay.ppt

ArgentiaBay(excerpts),HermanWouk,ChapterOne:ArgentiaBay,.BackgroundAuthorandwritingStyle.DetailedStudy,.Background,1.WhereisArgentiaBay?2.Whychoosethisplacetobethetitle?Isthereanythingweshouldpayattentiontothisplace?,Where?,ArgentiaBayisacommunityontheislandofNewfoundlandintheCanadianprovinceofNewfoundlandandLabrador.ItissituatedonaflatheadlandlocatedalongthesouthwestcoastofPlacentiaBay.,PlacentiaBay,PlacentiaBayisabodyofwateronthesoutheastcoastofNewfoundland,Canada.,MapOfNewfoundland,不列颠哥伦比亚省,阿尔伯塔省,萨斯克彻温省,安大略省,曼尼托巴省,魁北克省,纽芬兰省,新不伦瑞克省,育空地区,西北地区,努纳武特地区,爱德华王子岛省,新斯科舍省,MapofCanada,Why?,On14August1941NSArgentialocatedinLittlePlacentiaSoundwasthesiteoftheAtlanticConferencefortheAtlanticCharter（大西洋宪章）,whereWinstonChurchillandFranklinD.RooseveltmetfacetofaceforthefirsttimesincebothtookofficeandthestartofWorldWarII.,BackgroundInformation,WarbetweenBritainandNaziGermanywasdeclaredonSeptember3,1939intheaftermathofHitlersinvasionofPoland.Argentiawasselectedin1940tobethelocationofaUnitedStatesNavybasebeingbuiltundertheU.S.-Britishlend-leaseprogramwhichsawUSwarshipsloanedtoBritaininexchangeforselectedBritishmilitarybases(orlandfornewbases)intheWesternHemisphere.,对于英国来说：是为了协调反法西斯的战略，抵抗法西斯德国的入侵。对于美国来说：大西洋宪章中“机会均等”、“海上自由”等内容有利于美国战后与英国争夺势力范围，取得世界“领导地位”。,帮助苏联可以最大限度的防止战后德国、法国（英国的宿敌）过于强大而主导欧洲大陆对自己的影响（英国并不希望欧洲（大陆）过于强大）。而一个强大的苏联却能让欧洲国家感到危险，而增加欧洲对美国军事机上的依赖，而这正是美国所希望的，后来也证明在很长一段时间内确实离不开美国，可以说是各取所需。,IntroductionofHermanWouk,HermanWoukisbestknownforhisfictionalaccountsofWorldWarII,includingTheCaineMutiny,TheWindsofWar,andWarandRemembrance.Woukwasaradio-comedywriteruntilhejoinedtheU.S.Navyin1942.Hewentontoserveaboardtwodestroyer-minesweepersinthePacifictheater,experiencethathedrewoninwritingTheCaineMutiny(1951).Thebest-sellingnovelattractedwidespreadpraisefromcriticsandultimatelythePulitzerPrize.,TheWindsofWar(1971)anditssequel,WarandRemembrance(1978),wouldreachanevenwideraudiencewhentheywereadaptedastelevisionminiseriesinthe1980s.,IntroductionofthePulitzerPrize,For:achievementsinnewspaperandonlinejournalism,literature,andmusicalcompositionintheUnitedStates.Establish:in1917Bywho:JosephPulitzerExecutionunit:ColumbiaUniversityinNewYorkCity.Prizesareawardedyearlyintwenty-onecategories.Intwentyofthecategories,eachwinnerreceivesacertificateandaUS$10,000cashaward.Thewinnerinthepublicservicecategoryofthejournalismcompetitionisawardedagoldmedal.,WritingStyle,Typeofliterature:narrationMethodofwritinganarration:arrangetheeventsintimeorder.eg:Chapter1,paragraph2:atnineoclockChapter4,paragraph1:nextmorningparagraph16:onthelastdayoftheconference,.DetailedStudy,1.pervade:vt.tospreadthrough,saturateandpermeateineverypartofsp弥漫；渗透；充满eg:Ananti-governmentmoodpervadedmuchofthecountry.全国许多地方流行着一种反政府的情绪。reacheveryplace;spreadallover遍及于；流行于eg:Thiserrorpervadesallpresent-daysystems.这种错误在当今所有体制中都普遍存在。,.DetailedStudy,2.wilderness:n.alargeareaoflandthathasneverbeendevelopedorusedforgrowingcropsbecauseitisdifficulttolivethere未开发的地区；荒无人烟的地区；荒野；eg:thebarrenwildernessofmodernlife现代生活贫瘠的荒漠,aplacethatpeopledonottakecareoforcontrol荒芜的地方；杂草丛生处eg:Theirgardenisawildernessofgrassandweeds.他们的花园杂草丛生。,.DetailedStudy,3.ring:v.tosurroundsb/sth(withsth)包围；环绕eg:Thousandsofdemonstratorsringedthebuilding.成千上万的示威者包围了大楼。todrawacirclearoundsth绕画圈；把圈起来eg:Ringthecorneranswerinpencil.用铅笔圈出正确答案。n.戒指;指环anobjectinthesharpofacirclewithalargeholeinthemiddle.环状物；圈形的东西eg:akeyring钥匙环onionrings洋葱圈,.DetailedStudy,n.aroundmarkorsharp圆形标记；圆形eg:Shehaddarkringsaroundhereyesfromlackofsleep.她因为缺觉，眼圈儿都黑了。aconfinedareainwhichanimalsorpeopleperformorcompete,withseatsaroundtheoutsidefortheaudience.圆形表演场（或竞技场）eg:aboxingring拳击场acircusring马戏场agroupofpeoplewhoworkingtogether,especiallyinsecretorillegally.(尤指秘密的或非法的）团伙,帮派,集团eg:aspyring间谍网adrugsring贩毒集团,.DetailedStudy,4.await:v.towaitforsb/sth等待；等候；期待eg:Wehaveawaitedyourcomingfordays.我们等待着你的到来已有多天了。tobegoingtohappentosb将发生在，将降临到某人的头上eg:Awarmwelcomeawaitsallourguests.我们的客人都将受到热烈欢迎。:Deathawaitallmen.人必有一死。,WinstonChurchill(1874-1965),Birthplace:inaaristocraticfamilyofDukesofMarlborough.Nationality:EnglandOccupation:Politician,painter,speechmaker,writer,reporterFather:RandolphChurchill伦道夫丘吉尔勋爵,aConservativepoliticianMother:JennieJerome伦道夫丘吉尔夫人(原名为珍妮杰罗姆是美国富豪伦纳德杰罗姆（LeonardJerome）的千金)thedaughterofLeonardJerome,aNewYorkbusinessmanBrother:JohnStrangeSpencer-Churchill(约翰斯卷吉斯宾塞-丘吉尔),Wife:ClementineHozierTheirmet:in1904ataballinCreweHouse.in1908,theymetagainatadinnerpartyhostedbyLadyStHelier.ChurchillfoundhimselfseatedbesideClementine,andtheysoonbeganalifelongromance.,in1893:leftHarrow（哈罗公学)andappliedtoattendtheRoyalMilitaryCollege,Sandhurst桑德赫斯特皇家军事学院in1900:ConservativeMemberofParliamentin1911to1915andWorldWar:FirstLordoftheAdmiralty（海军大臣）inMay,1940:PrimeMinsterandMinisterofDefense,remainedinofficeuntil1945.TookoverthepremiershipagainintheConservativevictoryof1951andresignedin1955.HeremainedaMemberofParliamentuntilthegeneralelectionof1964,whenhedidnotseekre-election.,Anecdotes,据说，丘吉尔一生中吸过的雪茄的总长度为46公里，吸食雪茄总重量为3000公斤，是世界上吸食雪茄吉尼斯纪录的保持者。,ChurchillsParrot,InJanuary20th,2004,Churchillsparrotdied.Itis104yearsold.Churchillbroughtitin1937.Althoughitwasfemale,Churchillstillgaveheraboysname-Charlie.,V,丘吉尔首相有一个经典手势“V”。“V”是英文“Victory”的第一个字母，表示“胜利”。而正是在他的食指和中指之间，如果在不打“V”形手势的时候，常常是夹着一支雪茄的。,.DetailedStudy,haze:n.airthatisdifficulttoseethroughbecauseitcontainsverysmalldropsofwater,especiallycausedbyhotweather.(尤指热天引起的）薄雾；霾eg:themorninghaze晨霾amentalstateinwhichyourthoughts,feeling,etc.arenotclear迷蒙；迷糊eg:Hismindisinahaze.他的脑子一片混沌。,.DetailedStudy,v.tobecomecoveredortocoversthinahaze(使）笼罩在薄雾中toplaytricksonsb,especiallyanewstudent,orgivethemunpleasantthingtodo,sometimesasaconditionforenteringafraternityorsorority.戏弄；欺凌（新生等，有时作为加入美国大学生联谊会的条件）,.DetailedStudy-phrases,n.厚厚的雾霾athickhaze薄雾；淡淡的雾霾afaint/thinhazev.behazedovereg:Theskyhazedoverattheendoftheday.日暮时天空变得灰蒙蒙的。,.DetailedStudy,mistn.acloudofverysmalldropsofwaterintheairjustabovetheground,thatmakeitdifficulttosee薄雾；水汽eg:Thehillswereshroudedinmist.这些小山被笼罩在薄雾之中。Theoriginsofthestoryarelostinthemistoftime.(=forgottenbecauseithappenedsuchalongtimeago)这个故事的起源由于年代久远而变得模糊不清。,.DetailedStudy,：afinesprayofliquid液体喷雾v.使模糊(sth)up/overeg:Thewindowsweremistedupwithcondensation.窗户上凝满了水珠，一片模糊。Ashecameinfromthecold,hisglassesmistedup.他从寒冷的户外进来，眼镜马上蒙上了一片雾气。,.DetailedStudy,ifyoureyesmistorsthmiststhem,theyfilledwithtears眼含泪水；泪水模糊eg:Tearsmistedhiseyes.泪水模糊了他的双眼。,在网上，雾霾的英文通常有以下3种：smoke，haze以及smog。究竟哪种说法最准确?这就要从雾霾的成分说起了。穹顶之下告诉我们，雾霾是PM2.5等可吸入颗粒物悬浮在空中形成的。它的来源主要是煤炭燃烧、汽车尾气和光化学污染。Haze虽然可以译作烟雾，但它的本意是指空气中的蒸汽、微粒形成的雾气，并不特指污染物。Smoke是指燃烧释放的微粒形成的烟。唐山人民可以管钢铁厂排出烟叫smoke，帝都魔都的雾霾却应该换一种说法：smog。因为没有现成的单词准确形容雾霾，英国人在20世纪初用smoke和fog合成了一个新单词smog，专指空气污染形成的雾霾。穹顶之下里提到的英国1952年污染事件的学名就叫做greatsmogof1952。,SMOKE,smog,haze,smog,.DetailedStudy,blendv.tomixtwoormoresubstancestogether使混合；掺和eg:BlendChinesenationalstylewiththecharacteristicsofmodernWesternarchitecture.把中国的民族风格和西方现代建筑的特色交融在一起。Greenresultsfromblendingblueandyellow.把蓝色和黄色掺起来可得绿色。蓝和红？,.DetailedStudy,tintCompare:atinofgreen一丝绿色tinsofgreen各种色调的绿色,tint,Figureofspeech,Hazeandmistblendedallintogray:graywater,graysky,grayair,grayhillswithatintofgreen.parallelism,.DetailedStudy,pipingn.哨子声；尖叫声；风笛声；管乐器声管子eg:threefeetofpiping3英尺长的管子adj.尖声的eg:apipingvoice尖嗓子乐声优雅的；和平的；平静的,.DetailedStudy,squawkv.(ofbirds)tomakealoudsharpsound发出刺耳的尖叫声eg:Theparrotsquawkedandflewaway.鹦鹉尖声叫了叫，飞走了。tospeakormakeanoiseinaloud,sharpvoicebecauseyouareangry,surprisedetc.eg:“Youdidwhat?!”shesquawked.“你干了什么？”她惊叫道。,.DetailedStudy,primeval:ancient;primitiveadj.fromtheearliestperiodofthehistoryoftheworld,veryancienteg:primevalforests/man/tribe原始森林/人类/部落（ofafeeling,oradesire)verystrongandnotbasedonreason,asiffromtheearliestperiodofhumanlife出于原始天性的eg:primevalurges/terror原始的欲望/本能的恐惧,Destroyer,Battleship,1.战列舰(Battleship)，又翻译为战斗舰、战舰。2.战列舰曾经是人类有史以来创造出的最庞大、最复杂的武器系统之一，在其极盛时期20世纪初到第二次世界大战，战列舰是唯一具备远程打击手段的战略武器平台，因此受到各海军强国的重视。3.二战结束以来战列舰的战略地位被航空母舰和弹道导弹潜艇所取代，不再是舰队中的主力，其称呼方式也相对失去了意义。,battleship,.DetailedStudy,Camouflage:disguise/concealn.awayofhidingsoldiersandmilitaryequipment,usingpaint,leavesornets,sothattheylooklikepartoftheirsurroundings(军事上的）伪装；隐蔽eg:acamouflagejacket迷彩夹克衫troopsdressedincamouflage穿迷彩服的军队,.DetailedStudy,使用伪装eg:ameansofcamouflagev.tohidesb/sthbymakingthemoritlooklikethethingaround,orlikesthelse.伪装；掩饰eg:Hersizewascamouflagedbythelongloosedressshewore.她穿的那件宽松长裙掩饰了她的身材。,.DetailedStudy,swirl:twist/curlv.tomovearoundquicklyinacircle;tomakesthdothis使打旋，旋动，起漩涡eg:Thewaterswirleddownthedrain.水打着旋涡流进了下水道。swirlingmists缭绕的薄雾n.打旋/旋涡状,.DetailedStudy,H.M.S:His(Her)MajestysService,Ship,orSteamerPrinceofWales:TheshipwassunkbytheJapaneseintheSouthChinaSeainDecember1941.Bismarck:Germanbattleshipof45,000tons,completedearlyin1940,foroperationsagainstBritishconvoysintheNorthAtlantic.TheBismarckwasfinallysunkon27May,1940.,PrinceofWales,Bismarck,Bismarck,.DetailedStudy,theAugusta:theAmericancruiser,.DetailedStudy,abrassband:abodyofmusicianschieflyonstringinstruments,.DetailedStudy,TheStar-SpangledBanner:ThisistheofficialnationalanthemoftheUnitedStates.,.DetailedStudy,quarter-deck:partofthehighestlevelofaship,usedonlybyofficers,.DetailedStudy,PugHenry:VictorPugHenry,anavycaptainandpresidentialaideawning:n.asheetofstrongcloththatstretchesoutfromaboveadoororwindowstokeepoffthesunorrain.遮阳蓬；雨篷,.DetailedStudy,rig:tosupply(apersonorship)withnecessarythingsv.toarrangeorinfluencesthinadishonestwayinordertogettheresultthatyouwant.(以不正当的手段）操纵，控制eg:Hesaidtheelectionhadbeenrigged.他说选举被人操纵了。torigthemarket操纵市场,.DetailedStudy,tofitequipmentsomewhere,sometimessecretly(秘密地)安装，装配eg:Thecarhadbeenriggedwithabout300lbsofexplosive.有人暗中在车上放了大约300磅炸药。n.钻井设备；钻塔eg:anoilrig石油钻塔有专门用途的设备eg:aCBradiorig民用波段无线电CB:CitizensBand(在短距离内，尤指驾车时可通话的无线电波段）,.DetailedStudy,turret:asmallmetaltoweronaship,planeortankthatcanusuallyturnaroundandfromwhichgunsarefired（战舰，飞机或坦克的）回旋炮塔，旋转枪架,.DetailedStudy,admiral:amanwhocommandsalargenumberofwarshipsandwhoholdsaveryhighrankorthehighestrankinthenavygeneral:anofficerofveryhighrankinthearmyorAmericanairforce,.DetailedStudy,stiffonbracedlegs:Rooseveltwasstiffonbracedlegs.Thatis,hehadtowearsteelbracesonhislegs,becauseanattackofpolioin1921hadparalysedhimfromthewaist.,JamesRoosevelt,.DetailedStudy,grave:adj.(ofsituations,feelings,etc)veryseriousandimportant;givingyouareasontofeelworried.严重的；重大的；严峻的；深切的eg:Thepolicehaveexpressedgraveconcernaboutthemissingchildssafety.警方对失踪孩子的安全深表关注。,.DetailedStudy,（ofpeople）seriousinmanner,asifsthsad,importantorworryinghasjusthappened.严肃