外文翻译--发展中的高空作业车

黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计 1 附录 A In the development of high-altitude operation truck Aerial vehicles in China in the 1970s did not begin to develop, a late start, compared to a whole than in other countries 30 years later, after 30 years, our dedicated aerial vehicle developed rapidly and has become an important economic development in the transport and operating equipment, widely used in electricity, street lights, municipal, landscape, communications, airports, making (repair) ship, transport, advertising, photography and other high-altitude operational areas. For now, China can only produce 60,000 meters, 10 meters, 14 meters, 16 meters, 18 meters, 22 meters, 25 meters, 30 meters and other high-altitude operation truck, recently, special vehicles Co., Ltd. Xuzhou independent research and development 33 m mixed arm Aerial first prototype come out. China-made car to achieve a maximum height of aerial vehicles, breaking the foreign arm of 30 meters above the mixed aerial vehicles monopoly, to fill the gap. But overall, Chinas relevant foreign private car or with a certain gap, reason, in addition to a late start, an important reason is the existence of special vehicle manufacturing plant scattered, chaotic, poor, the domestic private car Most plants are purchased chassis modifications for the production of small plants, low level of mechanization, workshop-style hand many products of varying quality； in the production technology and equipment, due to the lack of scale transformation, artistic workers low, limiting the products to improve the quality and grade, which restricts the development of a dedicated vehicle. Most of the foreign substance is a special automobile plant assembly plant. According to the structure of its products division or organization of production spec ialization and cooperation, such as trailer axles, fifth wheel, support Tim, suspension, etc., tank truck, construction vehicles, special equipment etc key focus by professional plant production. Such as Japan, Kato Seisakusho Ibaraki Plant assume only two design and assembly work, all parts by 32 professional-processing available. Kato only 500 employees, annual output of lifting vehicles up to 3000 3500. East of God 230 company employees, annual output of the charter, special vehicles 12,000. Foreign (especially Japanese) manufacturers strict division of labor, specialization of each component requires to ensure the quality of each component and 黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计 2 high-tech, and domestic manufacturers, most parts are their own production, quality and science and technology can not be compared with other countries. Although the product has some advantages on cost, but definitely not a single low-cost dedicated car industrys future development of the weapon and to improve the technological content of products is the only way, otherwise we can only wasted resources, and produce a small amount of added value . Made in China can not become synonymous with low quality. In addition there are special car production market confusion, poor supervision of the problem, some of the qualifications of small factories do not produce, the price advantage of using the modified car with the big manufacturers undercut the national special vehicle led to the current market, there is a strange phenomenon, a number of qualified enterprises to hungry or not a job, such as semi-trailer production in Shanxi province with less than 10 qualified companies, but companies are manufacturing semi-trailer are around in the seventies and eighties； Shandong, a special vehicle production base, with 126 vehicles, tuning, less than 20 procedures for legitimate businesses. These qualifications do not produce small plants, on the one hand, there are many products produced by the defect, a securitys risk, but also disrupt the normal market, the impact of the development of special vehicles. These non-standard vehicles to enter the market will lead to serious consequences, the light of the high cost of repairs to customers and inviting, a major brewing severe accident.This lesson is not sensational. Chinas aerial vehicles (also including other special-purpose vehicles) in the general direction of development is good, both technically and development environment, we all hope he is a growing industry, the technical level to follow up even more than abroad, go abroad, accounting for foreign markets.In addition to our own research and development to focus on technology, but also create a good business environment. Not to the immediate interests of vicious competition. Government should take measures to come out and ban those who are not qualified small business, not a place for the so-called performance and deregulation. 黑龙江工程学院本科生毕业设计 3 附录 B 发展中的高空作业车 高空作业车在我国于 70 年代未开始发展起来 ,起步较晚，较国外比起来整整晚 了30 多年，经过 30 余年，我国高空作业专用汽车发展很快，已成为经济建设中的重要运输 与作业装备，广泛用于电力、路灯、市政、园林、通信、机场、造（修）船、交通、广告、 摄影等高空作业领域 。就目前而言国内只能生产 6 米、 10 米、 14 米、 16 米、 18米、 22 米、 25 米、 30 米等高度的高空作业车、日前，徐州专用车辆股份有限公司自主研发的 33 米混合 臂高空作业车第一台样机问世。该车达到了国产高空作业车的最大高度，打破了国外对 30 米以上混合臂高空作业车的垄断地位，填补了国内空白。 但总体而言我国的相关专用车还是与国外有一定的差距，究其原因，除了起步较 晚外，一个重要的原因是国内的专用车生产厂存在散，乱、差等问题，国内专用车生产厂大 多数都是为外购底盘进行改装生产的中小厂，机械化程度低，手工作坊式的 多，产品质量参 差不齐；在生产工艺工装方面，由于缺少规模的技术改造，工人艺术水平低，限制了产品的 质量和档次的提高，制约了专用汽车的发展。而国外大部分专用汽车厂实质是一个总装厂。 其产品按结构分工或组织专业化协作生产，如挂车车轴、牵引座、支姆、悬架等，自卸车油 缸、 工程车辆的关键专用设备等均由各专业厂集中生产。 如日本加藤制作所的茨城工厂仅承 担设计和总装两项工作，所有零部件分别由 32 个专业厂加工提供。加藤仅有职工 500 人， 年产起重汽车达 30003500 辆。东神公司有职工 230人，年产而包车、特 种车 12000 辆。国 外（尤其是日本）的厂商严格分工协作，每个部件都要求专业化，确保了每个部件的高质量 及高科技含量，而国内的厂商，多数配件都是都是自己生产，在质量和科技含量上无