心肺复苏及基础急救培训讲义.ppt

CPRandBasicFirstAidTraining心肺复苏及基础急救培训,悦安健康公益促进会急救培训中国项目组,CPR心肺复苏,CPR-CardiopulmonaryResuscitationCardio-Heart.Pulmonary-Lung.Resuscitation-revivefromapparentdeathorunconsciousness通过辅助患者心脏和肺的功能来施行抢救。,AdultCPR-ChestCompression成人心肺复苏胸外按压,Wheretopush:lowhalfofthebreastbone.按压位置：胸骨下半段。,ChestCompression胸外按压,PUSHHARDANDFAST!Atleast100timesperminute.Atleast5cmdeep.Pushstraightdownonthebreastbone.用力按压！快速按压！至少每分钟100次，至少5厘米深。垂直按压在胸骨上。Aftereachcompression,releasethepressuretoletthechestcomebacktonormalposition.每次按压后，需让胸廓充分回弹后再次按压。,NormalHeartBeat,MouthtoMouthBreathing口对口呼吸,HeadTilt-ChinLift仰头举颏法,Mouthtomouthbreathing口对口呼吸,Opentheairway-HeadTilt-ChinLift仰头举颏法打开气道Donotpressthesofttissuesoftheneckorunderthechintoavoidpressingtheairway.不要压迫颈部的软组织，以免压迫气道。,GivingBreaths-Pinchthenoseclosed.Creatinganairtightseal.Takeanormalbreath.Watchthechestriseasyougiveeachbreath.吹气捏紧患者鼻子，嘴巴贴紧患者的嘴巴不要漏气。正常吸入后吹气并观察患者的胸部起伏。,AdultCPR,1.Makesurethesceneissafe.确定环境安全。2.Makesurethevictimislyingonhisbackonafirm,flatsurface.确定患者是躺在平坦而坚硬的平面上。,AdultCPR,3.Kneelatthevictimsside.Taptheshoulderandshouttoseeifthevictimresponds.跪在患者的一侧，拍打患者肩膀并呼喊看其有无反应。4.Ifthevictimdoesnotrespond,yellforhelp.Ifnoonecomes,leavethevictimtophoneandgettheAEDifavailable.如果患者无反应，应高声呼救，如果无人帮忙，应离开患者去打电话求助，取AED（自动体外除颤器）。,AdultCPR,5.Scanvictimschestandabdomenforsignsofbreathing,usemorethan5secondsbutnomorethan10seconds.用眼睛观察患者的胸部和腹部看有无呼吸，观察至少5秒钟，不超过10秒钟。,AdultCPR,6.Startchestcompressionifnosignsofbreathing.30compressions.如果没有呼吸，马上开始胸外按压30次。7.Opentheairway.Give2mouth-to-mouthbreaths(1secondeach).Compressiontobreathingratiois30to2.开放气道，给予两次口对口呼吸（一次一秒）。胸外按压与呼吸比是30比2.,AdultCPR,8.KeepingCPRuntilAEDarrives,thevictimstartstomove,ortrainedhelptakesover.坚持心肺复苏直到AED到达，患者开始有反应或专业人员到达。,ChildCPR(1-8yrsold)儿童心肺复苏（1-8岁）,ifnoonecanhelp.Do5cyclesofCPRorfor2minutesuntilleavethevictimtocallforhelpandgettheAED.如果没有人帮忙，先做5个循环或两分钟的心肺复苏再离开患者去打电话求助，取AED。ChestCompression:atleast1/3thedepthofthechestorapproximately5cm。按压深度：至少胸廓深度的三分之一或大约5cm。,ChildCPR,InfantCPR,InfantCPR婴儿心肺复苏,Compressiondepth,about4cmdeep.按压深度，大约4cm深。,BasicFirstAidforTrauma创伤基础急救,Scenario:oneofyourco-workersfellofffroma3meterhighladder.Abrokenboneisseeninherleftarmwithactivebleeding.场景：你的同事从3米高的梯子上摔下来，她的左胳膊摔断了，鲜血涌了出来。,GeneralManagement,DontforgetCPR!不要忘记心肺复苏！Controlbleedingandcoveranywounds止血，覆盖伤口。Donotmoveinjuredpart不要移动受伤部位。,AdoptedfromStJohnAmbulanceAustralia,AdoptedfromSRMT,Watchforlossofcirculationtofoot/hand观察手脚有无丧失血供的表现。Immobilisefracture/dislocation骨折/脱位部位的固定。Donoteatanddrink不要进食或饮水。,Applygauzeandcompressdirectlyonthewound,ElevateAbovetheHeart,Squeezeamainarteryifnecessary.,PressurePoints,Pressurepointsofthearmareontheinsideofthearmjustabovetheelbowandjustbelowthearmpit.Pressurepointsofthelegarejustbehindthekneeandinthegroin.Keepyourfingersflat.,Thelastresort:Tourniquet,Usedonlywhenotherwaysfailedandvictimhaslife-threateningmassivebleeding.,FractureImmobilization骨折固定,SpinalCordFracture-spinalcordimmobilization脊柱骨折脊柱固定,NeckCollar颈托,Applyaimprovisedcollartominimiseneckmovement临时自制颈托固定受伤颈部,NeckImmobilization颈部固定,TransferVictims转运患者,SpinalCordImmobilization-SpinalBoard脊柱固定-脊柱板。,Stretcher专用担架,Supportheadcontinuously,GiveplentysupportatspineApplytractionontheneck,Askhelperstospacethemselvesevenlyalongcasualtysbody,Holdhip,thigh,andcalftosteadyleg,Log-RollTechnique,Fractureinthearmsorlegs四肢骨折,Stop