高考英语二轮复习第二部分基础语法巧学巧练专题二冠词课件.ppt

专题二 冠 词,怎么考 1.在语篇中考查冠词的基本用法和固定搭配。2.在某些名词的搭配中的特殊用法。 怎么学 在平时的学习中密切关注其用法，在阅读中细心品味。 怎么解 在解答冠词类试题时，要注意三大原则：一是判断表示泛指还是特指；二是判断空格后的名词是可数名词还是不可数名词；三是判断空格后的名词是抽象名词还是具体名词。,.体验考向 单句语法填空 1.(2016全国卷)In 1931，Addams became_ first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize. 2.(2016全国卷)Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for_while，exercising，or doing something you enjoy. 3.(2015全国卷)The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even _ most modern of architects and engineers.,4.(2015广东卷)He owned _ farm，which looked almost abandoned.Luckily，he also had a cow which produced milk every day. 5.(2015江苏卷)Why didnt you invite John to your birthday party? Well，you know hes _ wet blanket. 6.(2015浙江卷)Janes grandmother had wanted to write _ childrens book for many years，but one thing or another always got in _ way.,7.(2015重庆卷)I just heard _ bank where Dora works was robbed by _ gunman wearing a mask. 8.(2014天津卷)Life is like _ ocean：Only _ strong-willed can reach the other shore. 9.(2014湖南卷)By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors，you can enjoy _ friendly relationship with them. 10.(2014广东卷)She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on _ top floor.,答案 1.the 序数词前面加定冠词the。 2.a 考查不定冠词的用法。让你的身体和思想休息一会。固定表达for a while一会儿。 3.the 考查冠词。the放在形容词最高级的前面。 4.a 考查冠词。此处指一座农场。 5.a 句意：为什么你没邀请约翰参加你的生日聚会？ 唉，你知道他是一个令人扫兴的人。固定表达a wet blanket 令人扫兴的人或物。,6.a；the 句意：琼的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书，但总有这样那样的事情阻碍她不能实现。考查冠词。第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二空为固定表达get in the way妨碍，阻碍。 7.the；a 句意：我刚听说Dora 工作的银行被一位蒙面持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空为特指，表示“Dora 工作的那家银行”，第二空为泛指，表示“一位蒙面持枪歹徒”。,8.an；the 考查冠词的基本用法。句意：生活像一片海洋：只有意志坚强的人能到达彼岸。第一个空用an表示泛指，指生活像一片海洋。第二个空用“定冠词the形容词”表示一类人，此处the strongwilled表示“意志坚强的人”。 9.a 尽可能避免烦扰你的邻居，你才能跟他们一起享受友好的关系。relationship此处指一种和谐的关系，此处是可数名词。 10.the 考查定冠词的用法。特指最高层。,.考点集训 集训 单句语法填空 1.(2016江苏卷)El Nin，_Spanish term for “the Christ child”，was named by South American fisherman. 2.(2016浙江卷)_prize for the winner of the competition is _two-week holiday in Paris. 3.(2015四川卷)Brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be _ Beethoven.,4.(2014全国卷)Now，years later，this river is one of _ most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. 5.(2014江西卷)They chose Tom to be _ captain of the team because they knew he was _ smart leader. 6.(2014浙江卷)The paper is due next month，and I am working seven days _ week，often long into _ night. 7.(2014重庆卷)I cant tell you _ way to the Wilsons because we dont have _ Wilson here in the village.,8.It is _ great pleasure for me to give a speech on _ nature of human beings. 9.The viewers will have _second chance to watch The Voice of China on Channel 4 tonight. 10.If you want to improve your working efficiency，it will be _ must for you to make _ most of your time. 答案 1.a 2.The；a 3.a 4.the 5.the；a 6.a；the 7.the；a 8.a；the 9.a 10.a；the,集训 用适当的冠词完成下列短文，然后朗读或背诵，在语境中体会冠词的用法。 Once upon _1_time，there was _2_ old woman living at _3_foot of the mountain.She led _4_poor life，but she was very kind.She loved animals，and she would prepare food for birds in the windows，just like their owners.A lot of birds such as swallows and sparrows would like to live under her roof.On _5_ sunny day，a hunter with _6_ bow and some arrows appeared near her house and she thought that something bad would happen.,So she followed _7_ hunter and found that he was shooting at _8_ hare.She was angry and shouted at him loudly.The hunter was scared to death and ran away.When she came up to _9_ hare，to her sorrow，she found the hare was injured and lay in _10_ shadow of a tree without any movement.She brought it home at once and fed it on some herb.After several days，with her intensive care，the hare recovered finally. 答案 1.a 2.an 3.the 4.a 5.a 6.a 7.the 8.a 9.the 10.the,知识胸有成竹,一、不定冠词的3种基本用法及2种灵活用法 1.基本用法 (1)表示类指，或指某类中的任何一个。 (2)表示泛指。说话人第一次提及某人或某物时通常用不定冠词。 (3)表示量指。不定冠词表示“一”这个数量，但数的概念没有one强烈。 2.灵活用法 (1)不定冠词a(n)表示“某一个”，相当于some/a certain。 (2)“a(n)序数词”表示“又一、再一”；“a most形容词”表示“非常，很”。,二、定冠词的5种基本用法 1.特指某人或某事。 2.用在专有名词前，或与世界上独一无二的事物连用。 3.用在序数词和形容词、副词最高级及only，very，same等之前。 4.用在表示计量的名词前，如by the hour，by the day，by the week，by the dozen，by the yard等，但是如表示单位的名词为不可数名词，之前不用冠词，如by weight/height等。 5.某些形容词前面加定冠词表示某类人或物。,三、定冠词用于固定结构及固定短语中 1.用于“bythe表示计量单位的名词”结构中，表示“按计算”。 2.用于“动词sb介词the身体某一部位”结构中。 3.用于the more.the more.(越越)结构中。 四、零冠词的3个基本用法 1.在不可数名词或可数名词复数前表示泛指不用冠词。 2.称呼语及表示独一无二的头衔、职务的名词作表语、宾语补足语或同位语时，不加冠词。 3.表示时间、节日、季节、三餐、球类运动、语言、学科的名词前不用冠词。,集训 奔向高考 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 A mason (泥瓦匠) working on a Kansas university stadium found _1_88-year-old hand-written note，which gives a glimpse into the lives of workers in 1928. The mason found the note in a tobacco can while_2_(replace) stones. It is discovered that the five authors_3_(write)the note on Feb. 2，1928，_4_(hope)the letter would be found someday in the future，perhaps after they died. The nearly 100-word message explains,that masons made $10 per day and other workers made $3.20 per day. It also expresses the hope_5_“things will be better” for the working men in the future. The document will be sent to a museum for cleaning and_6_(protect) covering. There arent plans _7_ (display) the document at the moment，but it could _8_ (possible) be displayed in the stadium when the project is completed. “It is possible that the note will be either exhibited as the original item_9_it will be digitized and we can put a copy out so the light doesnt cause the letter to fade worse，”Hight said. The project manager of Kansas State，Jeremy Sharp，says that the stadium_10_(build) in 1922，and the eastern wall was constructed in 1928.,【语篇解读】 一个泥瓦匠在美国堪萨斯州的一所大学的体育场维修墙壁时，发现了一张写于1928年的纸条，这使我们对那时工人的生活状况有所了解。 1.an 考查不定冠词的用法。空格后的中心词为名词note，为单数形式，故此处应填冠词，又因为数字88的发音是以元音音素开头的，所以应用an。 2.replacing 考查非谓语动词。