2019秋高中英语Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero练习（含解析）新人教版.docx

Unit 5Nelson Mandelaa modern heroNelson Mandela：Six things you didnt knowNelson Mandela was very famous.But here are six things you may not have known about him.1He was a boxing fan.In his youth，Nelson Mandela enjoyed boxing and longdistance running.Even during the 27 years he spent in prison，he would exercise every morning.2His original name was not Nelson.Rolihlahla Mandela was nine years old when a teacher at the primary school where he was studying gave him an English nameNelson.3He was on a US terror watch list until 2008. Mr Mandela was only able to visit the US with special permission from the secretary of state，because the ANC had been considered as a terrorist organization(恐怖组织)by South Africas former government. 4He forgot his glasses when he was freed from prison. Mr Mandela was freed on 11 February，1990.When he pulled out the text of his speech，he realized he had forgotten his reading glasses and had to borrow his wifes.5Once he dressed up as a driver to escape the police.He used to dress up as a driver to escape the police while going underground in the country.6He had his own law firm，but it took him years to get a law degree.Mr Mandela studied law on and off for 50 years from 1939，failing about half the courses he took.He finally got a law degree while in prison in 1989.【词海拾贝】1original adj.最初的2terror n恐怖3permission n允许；批准【问题思考】Ture (T) or False (F)：1Nelson Mandela liked boxing when he was very old.()2Nelson Mandela left his reading glasses in the prison when he was freed.()答案：1.F2.T.重点单词分类记 拼写高频单词1_vi.请求；乞求2_vt.建立；建设3_vt.判决；宣判4_adj.相等的；平等的5_vt.进攻；攻击；抨击6_vi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开7_n报酬；奖金vt.酬劳；奖赏8_vt.&vi.投票；选举n投票；选票；表决9_n意见；看法；主张10_adj.怀有希望的；有希望的答案：1.beg2.found3.sentence4.equal5.attack6.escape7.reward8.vote9.opinion10.hopeful联想拓展单词 1_n指导；领导_v指导2_adj.法律的；依照法律的_adj.非法的3_adj.乐意的；自愿的_n自愿；乐意4_vt.献身；专心于_adj.忠实的；深爱的_n奉献，献身，忠诚5_adj.和平的；平静的；安宁的_n和平6_n暴力；暴行_adj.暴力的；猛烈的7_vt.教育；训练_adj.受过教育的；有教养的_n教育8_adj.积极的；活跃的_adv.积极地；活跃地_n活动9_n自我；自身_adj.自私的_adj.无私的；忘我的_adv.无私地；忘我地10_adj.残忍的；残酷的_n残忍；残酷答案：1.guidanceguide2.legalillegal3willingwillingness4.devotedevoteddevotion5peacefulpeace6.violenceviolent7educateeducatededucation8activeactivelyactivity9selfselfishselflessselflessly10.cruelcruelty识记阅读单词1quality n_2generous adj. _3principle n. _4unfair adj. _5mean adj. _6terror n. _答案：1.质量；品质；性质2.慷慨的；大方的3法则；原则；原理4.不公正的；不公平的5吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的6.恐怖；可怕的人；恐怖时期；恐怖活动.重点短语快速记1_失业2_事实上3_使充气；爆炸4_在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中5_求助于；致力于6_丧失勇气或信心7_当权；上台8_设立；建立9_被判处(徒刑)10_愿意做某事答案：1.out of work2.as a matter of fact3.blow up4in trouble5.turn to6.lose heart7come to power8.set up9.be sentenced to10be willing to do.经典句式应用记1The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage_(我们几乎什么权利都没有)(where引导定语从句)2However，this was a time_(一个人必须要有身份证)to live in Johannesburg.(when引导定语从句)3_(只有到那个时候，我们才决定)answer violence with violence.(only状语置于句首的倒装句式)4I felt bad_(第一次)I talked to a group.(the first time引导时间状语从句)答案：1.where we have almost no rights at all2when one had got to have a passbook3Only then did we decide to4.the first time.Skimming for the main information1Whats the main idea of the text?AThe life of black workers.BThe fight between Mandela and the white people.CThe stories between Mandela and Elias.DThe education of Elias.答案：C2Find out the main idea of each paragraph.Paras.12AThe change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela didParas.37 BThe life of Elias before he met Nelson Mandela答案：Paras.12BParas.37A.Scanning for detailed information1Elias had to leave school because_Ahe was too youngBhe didnt like to studyChis school was far away from his homeDhis family could not continue to afford the school fees and the bus fare2When Elias first met Nelson Mandela，_Alife was difficult for EliasBMandela was in troubleCElias was at schoolDElias was a very good worker 3In 1952，Mandela was a_AworkerBpresident Cteacher Dlawyer4In Eliaseyes，Mandela was_Asilent and helpful Brich but selfishCkind and helpful Dpoor but kind5Whats the purpose of Mandelas work?ATo help the poor become rich.BTo build a new government.CTo make black and white people equal.DTo help the black beat the white.答案：1.D2.A3.D4.C5.C.Intensive reading to finish the passageElias is a poor black worker in South Africa.He 1._ (begin) school at six and got a job in a gold mine.But he was always worried about being out 2._work because he didnt have a passbook.It was in 1952 that Elias first 3._(meet) Nelson Mandela 4._helped him to get one.Elias joined the ANC 5._(young) League organized by Nelson Mandela and helped Mandela blow 6._some government buildings 7._he did not like violence and it was 8._(danger) for him.He knew he did this 9._(realize) their dream of making black and white people 10._ (equality)答案：1.began2.of3.met4.that/who5.Youth6up7.though8.dangerous9.to realize10.equal.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text1However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.句式分析本句是主从复合句。a time是先行词，when引导的是定语从句且在从句中作状语。尝试翻译2Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there，and I worried about whether I would become out of work.句式分析本句是并列句。and连接了两个并列分句，在第一个分句中，because引导的是原因状语从句。在第二个分句中，whether引导的是宾语从句。尝试翻译3But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.句式分析本句是主从复合句。But I was happy to help是主句。because引导的是原因状语从句，it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal是省略了连词that的宾语从句。尝试翻译答案：1.然而，那时要有所需证件才能住在约翰内斯堡。2糟糕的是我没有身份证，因为我不是在那里出生的，因而我很担心是否会失业。3但是我乐于帮忙，因为我知道这将帮助我们实现黑人和白人平等的梦想。A级基础过关.单句语法填空在句中空白处填上适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。1We live in an age_more information is available with greater ease than ever before.2Most of the students in our class are_(will)to spend their money and time on books and other useful things.3Some of the films are full of_(violent)，which is not good for young kids.4Were just trying to reach a point_ both sides will sit down together and talk.5Every time I_(see) the old man in the park，he is absorbed in reading papers.6When the sports hero turned_at our party，he was welcomed with open arms.7Its important to learn to take a positive attitude_ life when you are_ trouble.8Tsinghua University，_(found)in 1911，is one of the best universities in China.9Under our teachers careful_(guide)，we finished our homework in advance.10People who are well_(educate)will be respected by everyone.答案：1.when2.willing3.violence4.where5.see6up7.to/cated.选词填空(注意形式的变化)fight for；come to power；turn to；devote.to；out of work；escape from；beg for；set up；blow up；be sentenced to1Since he_，the situation in the country has been greatly improved.2The thief_five months in prison because of stealing things in the shop.3The poor man had no money so he had to_ food in the street.4The policeman caught the robber，who was trying to _ the police car.5After many failures，he finally_ his own company.6He will_ his teacher for help when he meets some difficulties in English.7I just cant understand why he_again.He has done so many kinds of jobs.8This is worth all the time and money I_learning and practice.9I_ some balloons to decorate my room.10All the poor were_ food.答案：1.came to power2.was sentenced to3.beg for4escape from5.set up6.turn to7.is out of work8devote to9.blew up10.fighting for.完成句子1Dusk found the little girl _.黄昏时分这个小姑娘在街上卖花。2The incident had reached to_ both their parents were to be called in.事情已发展到双方家长必须被叫来的程度。3_ can we learn English well.只有以这种方式我们才能学好英语。4Mary_ Chinese well.玛丽汉语的确说得很好。5I felt he was an honest person_ I saw him.第一次见到他时，我就感觉到他是一个诚实的人。答案：1.selling flowers in the street2.a stage where3Only in this way4.does speak5.the first timeB级能力提升.阅读理解阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Donald John Trump(born on June 14，1946)，is an American businessman and politician who became the presidentelect of the United States on November 8, 2016.Since 1971 he has chaired The Trump Organization，the principal holding company for his real estate ventures and other business interests. During his business career，Trump has built office towers，hotels，casinos，golf courses，and other branded facilities worldwide.Trump was born and raised in New York City and received a bachelors degree in economics from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1968.In 1971，he was given control of his father Fred Trumps real estate and construction firm.Trump has appeared at the Miss USA pageants，which he owned from 1996 to 2015，and has made cameo appearances in films and television series.Trump and his businesses，as well as his three marriages，have received prominent media exposure. He hosted a popular NBC reality show，The Apprentice，from 2004 to 2015.As of 2016，he was listed by Forbes as the 324th wealthiest person in the world，and 156th in the United States，with a net worth of $3.7 billion in October 2016. Trump first campaigned for the US presidency in 2000，winning two Reform Party primaries.On June 16，2015，Trump again announced his candidacy for president，this time as a Republican.Trump became known for his opposition to illegal immigration and free trade agreements，as well as his frequently noninterventionist views on foreign policy，and quickly emerged as the Republican nomination frontrunner.As of March 23，2016，Trump has won 21 contests in the 2016 Republican presidential primaries.He was elected as the 45th US president in the 2016 election on the Republican ticket，defeating Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton，and was scheduled to take office on January 20，2017.At 70 years old，he is the oldest person to ever assume the presidency.【语篇解读】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了美国新总统唐纳德约翰特朗普的情况。1This passage is most probably taken from_Aa storybookBa biography bookCa science book Dan advertisement解析：推理判断题。本文主要介绍了美国总统特朗普的一些事情，故是人物传记。答案：B2Where is Donald Trumps hometown?ALondon. BParis.CNew York. DBeijing.解析：细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“Trump was born and raised in New York City”可知特朗普出生且在纽约长大。答案：C3From the passage，we can know that Donald Trump was_Awealthy and successfulBintelligent but meanCgoodtempered and tolerantDforgetful and sensitive解析：推理判断题。根据文章第三段特朗普是世界上排名第324位的富翁，可知他非常富有和成功。答案：A4We can learn from the passage that_ADonald Trump is only successful in business fieldBDonald Trump was born in a poor familyCDonald Trump is in favour of illegal immigrationDDonald Trump is the oldest president of the United States解析：推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“he is the oldest person.”可知D项正确。答案：D.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Everyone Can Be Great；You Just Need To Know How Whether you want to be a great student，a brilliant researcher，an excellent parent or a highly successful businessman，you will have the same mindset(思维方式)You have a goal，your values and ethics(道德准则)are rock solid，you persevere(坚持)，and you keep victory in sight.Sounds simple，right? Well，not really._1_Set big goalsIf you have minor goals or objectives，you will never be great._2_. Big goals drive you farther.Write the goals down.To achieve your goals you also need to know your strengths and weaknesses.Selfcriticism is also helpful to achieve your targets.Remember your values3_. You will not cheat in exams and you will not invest in shady(可疑的)stocks.Honesty and fair，ethical business practices will stand the test of time and are a vital part in achieving greatness.Learn to handle difficultiesRead any book you want on all the great success stories of our times from Albert Einstein，Nelson Mandela，Steve Jobs，to Bill Gates.They all had one thing in common._4_5_In seeking greatness，many people neglect(忽略) to look after the emotional，spiritual，and wellness aspects of their lives on this planet.Work takes over 95% of their lives.But with small changes，you can transform the quality of your relationships and regain worklife balance.AManage your worklife balanceBEnjoy life and forget about workCThey had to face troubles and failures，but they did not quitDTake every chance you get to learn from others and build a networkEKeep your major aims always in your mind and you will know where you are goingFHere are some things you need to concentrate on to make sure you know how to be greatGAbove all，be aware that certain principles are always the foundations of being great答案：1.F2.E3.G4.C5.A.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The whole school was talking about the coming trip at a winter camp.And everyone was_1_，except me.“Ill hate it，” I told my parents.“Ill get homesick(想家的)Ill look stupid at winter sports，and everyone will_2_ me.”“You might be surprised，Bree，” said mum.“The only way to find out is to_3_”“Its what growing up is all about，” dad added.When_4_ the camp，we were asked to share one_5_“Im afraid Ill be homesick，” someone said.I wasnt the only one？！ I began to_6_After lunch，we were asked to ski (滑雪) down to the field.I skied_7_，but I still hit a piece of ice and_8_“Ha! Ha！” Behind me，somebody started laughing.I_9_ to see who was making fun of me.To my_10_，I saw a girl in the same awkward(尴尬的) position I was in.“I thought Id be bad at this，_11_ Im worse than I expected！” she said._12_，I started laughing too.After being so_13_of falling，it was a comfort not to fear it anymore.At dinnertime，I was so happy to be talking about interesting things that I_14_to feel homesick.The next day，I was_15_ to try ski jumping first，even though I didnt want to.But when my feet left the ground，I felt I was_16_ and it was wonderful.Maybe dad was right when he said，“You might_17_ it if you give it a chance！”Maybe the kind of_18_ mum and dad were talking about had more to do with my outlook (态度) than my looks.We all_19_fitting in and failing when we try_20_things.Sometimes youve got to fall on your face to discover how much youve got in common.【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。在成长过程中我们或许会害怕尝试新事物，或许会害怕失败，然而，这些都是成长的必经阶段。在此过程中，我们需要以积极向上的态度来面对这一切。1A.strangeBexcitedCnervous Dsad解析：根据该空后的“except me”和“Ill hate it”可知，作者不想去冬令营，然而其他人都很“兴奋(excited)”。答案：B2A.laugh at Bwait forCspeak to Dtalk about解析：根据前半句“Ill look stupid at winter sports”可知，由于作者不擅长冬季运动项目，因此害怕别人会“笑话(laugh at)”她。答案：A3A.change BdreamCtry Dmove解析：作者的妈妈鼓励作者自己去“尝试(try)”。答案：C4A.searching for Barriving atCmaking up Dreturning to解析：根据文章首句中的“the coming trip at a winter camp”可知，此处指“到达(arriving at)”营地。答案：B5A.story BfactCpurpose Dfear解析：根据下一句中的“Im afraid Ill be homesick”可知，大家分享一件“害怕的事(fear)”。答案：D6A.relax BaskCeat Dsleep解析：作